Pharmacokinetic interactions of artemether and pyrimethamine in healthy male Thais

Abstract

The pharmacokinetics of a single oral dose of artemether (300 mg) and pyrimethamine (100 mg) given as each individual drug alone or as a drug combination (artemether 300 mg plus pyrimethamine 100 mg), were investigated in 8 healthy male Thai volunteers. Both artemether and pyrimethamine were rapidly absorbed after oral administration. Elimination of pyrimethamine was however, a relatively slow process compared with artemether, and thus resulted in a long terminal phase elimination half-life (50-106 hours). Pharmacokinetics of artemether and dihydroartemisinin following a single oral dose of artemether alone or in combination with pyrimethamine were similar. In contrast, coadministration of artemether resulted in significantly increased Cmax (medians of 818 vs 1,180 ng/ml) and contracted the apparent volume of distribution (medians of 3 vs 2.56 1/kg) of pyrimethamine.