Browsing by Author "Economos C.D."

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    A Dietary Pattern With More Fruits and Vegetables in Children of Mothers Who Immigrated to the United States From Latin America Is Associated With Healthful Nutrient Intake and Weight Status
    (2024-01-01) Vinitchagoon T.; Hennessy E.; Zhang F.F.; Fauth R.C.; Must A.; Tovar A.; Choumenkovitch S.F.; Economos C.D.; Vinitchagoon T.; Mahidol University
    Background: Children from families who immigrated to the United States may consume a lower-quality diet compared with their US-born peers. However, specific features of their dietary patterns, which could be a focus for improving diet quality, are not well-studied. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine dietary patterns that distinguish interpersonal variability in dietary intake and explore the association of dietary patterns with nutrient intake and weight status. Design: This study was a cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from the Live Well randomized controlled trial collected between 2009 and 2010. Participants/setting: Study participants included 313 children (3-12 years) whose mothers immigrated to the United States from Latin America and resided in Somerville, Massachusetts. Main outcome measures: Dietary patterns (derived using principal component analysis); nutrient intake (derived from dietary data collected using the Block Food Screener); and weight status (categorized using body mass index z score based on measured height and weight). Statistical analyses performed: Nutrient intake levels were compared across quartiles for dietary patterns using analysis of covariance. Multivariable logistic or linear regression models were used to determine the associations between dietary pattern scores and odds of overweight or obesity or z scores. Results: Two dietary patterns emerged: “fruits and vegetables” and “meat and sweets.” Highest adherence to the fruits and vegetables pattern was associated with more healthful nutrient intake and lower odds of having overweight or obesity (odds ratio 0.37; 95% CI 0.16 to 0.98), but not body mass index z score (β = –.07; 95% CI –.51 to 0.36) compared with the lowest adherence. Adherence to the meat and sweets pattern was associated with less healthful nutrient intake but not with the odds of experiencing overweight or obesity (odds ratio 0.48; 95% CI 0.16 to 1.46). Conclusions: A healthful dietary pattern in children of families who immigrated to the United States from Latin America may include a variety of fruits and vegetables. Longitudinal studies should be conducted to further assess the role of dietary intake patterns on the health of these children.
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    Incident type 2 diabetes attributable to suboptimal diet in 184 countries
    (2023-04-01) O’Hearn M.; Lara-Castor L.; Cudhea F.; Miller V.; Reedy J.; Shi P.; Zhang J.; Wong J.B.; Economos C.D.; Micha R.; Mozaffarian D.; Bas M.; Ali J.H.; Abumweis S.; Krishnan A.; Misra P.; Hwalla N.C.; Janakiram C.; Liputo N.I.; Musaiger A.; Pourfarzi F.; Alam I.; DeRidder K.; Termote C.; Memon A.; Turrini A.; Lupotto E.; Piccinelli R.; Sette S.; Anzid K.; Vossenaar M.; Mazumdar P.; Rached I.; Rovirosa A.; Zapata M.E.; Asayehu T.T.; Oduor F.; Boedecker J.; Aluso L.; Ortiz-Ulloa J.; Meenakshi J.V.; Castro M.; Grosso G.; Waskiewicz A.; Khan U.S.; Thanopoulou A.; Malekzadeh R.; Calleja N.; Ocke M.; Etemad Z.; Nsour M.A.; Waswa L.M.; Nurk E.; Arsenault J.; Lopez-Jaramillo P.; Sibai A.M.; Damasceno A.; Arambepola C.; Lopes C.; Severo M.; Lunet N.; Torres D.; Tapanainen H.; Lindstrom J.; Virtanen S.; Palacios C.; Roos E.; Agdeppa I.A.; Desnacido J.; Capanzana M.; Misra A.; Khouw I.; Ng S.A.; Delgado E.G.; Caballero M.; Otero J.; Lee H.J.; Koksal E.; Guessous I.; Lachat C.; De Henauw S.; Rahbar A.R.; Tedstone A.; Naska A.; Mathee A.; Ling A.; Tedla B.; Hopping B.; Ginnela B.; Leclercq C.; Duante C.; Haerpfer C.; Hotz C.; Pitsavos C.; Rehm C.; van Oosterhout C.; Cerdena C.; Bradshaw D.; Trichopoulos D.; Gauci D.; Mahidol University
    The global burden of diet-attributable type 2 diabetes (T2D) is not well established. This risk assessment model estimated T2D incidence among adults attributable to direct and body weight-mediated effects of 11 dietary factors in 184 countries in 1990 and 2018. In 2018, suboptimal intake of these dietary factors was estimated to be attributable to 14.1 million (95% uncertainty interval (UI), 13.8–14.4 million) incident T2D cases, representing 70.3% (68.8–71.8%) of new cases globally. Largest T2D burdens were attributable to insufficient whole-grain intake (26.1% (25.0–27.1%)), excess refined rice and wheat intake (24.6% (22.3–27.2%)) and excess processed meat intake (20.3% (18.3–23.5%)). Across regions, highest proportional burdens were in central and eastern Europe and central Asia (85.6% (83.4–87.7%)) and Latin America and the Caribbean (81.8% (80.1–83.4%)); and lowest proportional burdens were in South Asia (55.4% (52.1–60.7%)). Proportions of diet-attributable T2D were generally larger in men than in women and were inversely correlated with age. Diet-attributable T2D was generally larger among urban versus rural residents and higher versus lower educated individuals, except in high-income countries, central and eastern Europe and central Asia, where burdens were larger in rural residents and in lower educated individuals. Compared with 1990, global diet-attributable T2D increased by 2.6 absolute percentage points (8.6 million more cases) in 2018, with variation in these trends by world region and dietary factor. These findings inform nutritional priorities and clinical and public health planning to improve dietary quality and reduce T2D globally.
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    SNAP and/or WIC Participation and Diet Quality in Mother-Child Dyads living in Greater Boston after Pandemic: A Mixed-Method Study
    (2025-01-01) Vinitchagoon T.; Zhang F.F.; Fauth R.C.; Hennessy E.; Maafs A.G.; Browning E.M.; Economos C.D.; Vinitchagoon T.; Mahidol University
    Introduction/Objectives: Since the COVID-19 pandemic, few studies have examined how participation in Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and/or Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) impacts diet quality in families with young children. This study aims to explore the association between SNAP and/or WIC participation and diet quality in mother-child dyads in Greater Boston, MA. Methods: A mixed-method approach involving cross-sectional surveys and in-depth interviews were utilized. Participants included 69 mother-child dyads for quantitative and 18 mothers for qualitative data collection. Analysis of covariance using generalized linear models was employed to compare differences in Healthy Eating Index-2015 (HEI-2015) scores based on SNAP and/or WIC participation, and thematic analysis was used for coding themes. Results: Mothers who participated in SNAP and/or WIC were more from lower socioeconomic backgrounds. After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and education, no significant differences in diet quality were found for both mothers and their children. However, qualitative results showed that mothers prioritized their children’s nutrition, used benefits to buy fruits and vegetables, and experienced stress that impacted their own diet quality. Conclusions: Since the pandemic, SNAP and WIC appeared to support families experiencing socioeconomic disadvantage (e.g., lower income and educational attainment) to improve diet quality, particularly through increased access to fruits and vegetables. However, these programs have not fully eliminated persistent disparities in diet quality, which seems to continue even the pandemic’s immediate effects have subsided.