Browsing by Author "Eugenie Hui"

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    Brief Report: Malignancies in Adults Living with HIV in Asia
    (2019-03-01) Awachana Jiamsakul; Mark Polizzotto; Stephane Wen-Wei Ku; Junko Tanuma; Eugenie Hui; Romanee Chaiwarith; Sasisopin Kiertiburanakul; Anchalee Avihingasanon; Evy Yunihastuti; Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy; Penh Sun Ly; Sanjay Pujari; Rossana Ditangco; Cuong Duy Do; Tuti Parwati Merati; Pacharee Kantipong; Fujie Zhang; Kinh Van Nguyen; Adeeba Kamarulzaman; Jun Yong Choi; Benedict L.H. Sim; Oon Tek Ng; Jeremy Ross; Wingwai Wong; Hospital Sungai Buloh; Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University; VHS Medical Centre India; Gokila; Bach Mai Hospital; Universitas Udayana; University of Indonesia, RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo; Chulalongkorn University; Kirby Institute; National Center for Global Health and Medicine; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong; University of Malaya Medical Centre; Veterans General Hospital-Taipei; Tan Tock Seng Hospital; Chiang Mai University; National Hospital for Tropical Diseases; Foundation for AIDS Research; Institute of Infectious Diseases; Chiangrai Prachanukroh Hospital; University of Health Sciences
    © 2018 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. Background:Hematological malignancies have continued to be highly prevalent among people living with HIV (PLHIV). This study assessed the occurrence of, risk factors for, and outcomes of hematological and nonhematological malignancies in PLHIV in Asia.Methods:Incidence of malignancy after cohort enrollment was evaluated. Factors associated with development of hematological and nonhematological malignancy were analyzed using competing risk regression and survival time using Kaplan-Meier.Results:Of 7455 patients, 107 patients (1%) developed a malignancy: 34 (0.5%) hematological [0.08 per 100 person-years (/100PY)] and 73 (1%) nonhematological (0.17/100PY). Of the hematological malignancies, non-Hodgkin lymphoma was predominant (n = 26, 76%): immunoblastic (n = 6, 18%), Burkitt (n = 5, 15%), diffuse large B-cell (n = 5, 15%), and unspecified (n = 10, 30%). Others include central nervous system lymphoma (n = 7, 21%) and myelodysplastic syndrome (n = 1, 3%). Nonhematological malignancies were mostly Kaposi sarcoma (n = 12, 16%) and cervical cancer (n = 10, 14%). Risk factors for hematological malignancy included age >50 vs. ≤30 years [subhazard ratio (SHR) = 6.48, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.79 to 23.43] and being from a high-income vs. a lower-middle-income country (SHR = 3.97, 95% CI: 1.45 to 10.84). Risk was reduced with CD4 351-500 cells/μL (SHR = 0.20, 95% CI: 0.05 to 0.74) and CD4 >500 cells/μL (SHR = 0.14, 95% CI: 0.04 to 0.78), compared to CD4 ≤200 cells/μL. Similar risk factors were seen for nonhematological malignancy, with prior AIDS diagnosis showing a weak association. Patients diagnosed with a hematological malignancy had shorter survival time compared to patients diagnosed with a nonhematological malignancy.Conclusions:Nonhematological malignancies were common but non-Hodgkin lymphoma was more predominant in our cohort. PLHIV from high-income countries were more likely to be diagnosed, indicating a potential underdiagnosis of cancer in low-income settings.
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    Cancers in the TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD): A retrospective analysis of risk factors
    (2010-12-13) Kathy Petoumenos; Eugenie Hui; Nagalingeswaran Kumarasamy; Stephen J. Kerr; Jun Yong Choi; Yi Ming A. Chen; Tuti Merati; Fujie Zhang; Poh Lian Lim; Somnuek Sungkanuparph; Sanjay Pujari; Sasheela Ponnampalavanar; Rosanna Ditangco; Christopher Kc Lee; Andrew Grulich; Matthew G. Law; University of New South Wales (UNSW) Australia; Queen Elizabeth Hospital Hong Kong; YR Gaitonde Centre for AIDS Research and Education; The HIV Netherlands Australia Thailand Research Collaboration; Yonsei University College of Medicine; National Yang-Ming University Taiwan; Universitas Udayana; Beijing Ditan Hospital; Tan Tock Seng Hospital; Mahidol University; Institute of Infectious Diseases; University of Malaya Medical Centre; Gokila; Hospital Sungai Buloh
    Background. This retrospective survey describes types of cancers diagnosed in HIV-infected subjects in Asia, and assesses risk factors for cancer in HIV-infected subjects using contemporaneous HIV-infected controls without cancer. Methods. TREAT Asia HIV Observational Database (TAHOD) sites retrospectively reviewed clinic medical records to determine cancer diagnoses since 2000. For each diagnosis, the following data were recorded: date, type, stage, method of diagnosis, demographic data, medical history, and HIV-related information. For risk factor analyses, two HIV-infected control subjects without cancer diagnoses were also selected. Cancers were grouped as AIDS-defining cancers (ADCs), and non-ADCs. Non-ADCs were further categorized as being infection related (NADC-IR) and unrelated (NADC-IUR). Results. A total of 617 patients were included in this study: 215 cancer cases and 402 controls from 13 sites. The majority of cancer cases were male (71%). The mean age (SD) for cases was 39 (10.6), 46 (11.5) and 44 (13.7) for ADCs, NADC-IURs and NADCs-IR, respectively. The majority (66%) of cancers were ADCs (16% Kaposi sarcoma, 40% non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, and 9% cervical cancer). The most common NADCs were lung (6%), breast (5%) and hepatocellular carcinoma and Hodgkin's lymphoma (2% each). There were also three (1.4%) cases of leiomyosarcoma reported in this study. In multivariate analyses, individuals with CD4 counts above 200 cells/mm3were approximately 80% less likely to be diagnosed with an ADC (p < 0.001). Older age (OR: 1.39, p = 0.001) and currently not receiving antiretroviral treatment (OR: 0.29, p = 0.006) were independent predictors of NADCs overall, and similarly for NADCs-IUR. Lower CD4 cell count and higher CDC stage (p = 0.041) were the only independent predictors of NADCs-IR. Conclusions. The spectrum of cancer diagnoses in the Asia region currently does not appear dissimilar to that observed in non-Asian HIV populations. One interesting finding was the cases of leiomyosarcoma, a smooth-muscle tumour, usually seen in children and young adults with AIDS, yet overall quite rare. Further detailed studies are required to better describe the range of cancers in this region, and to help guide the development of screening programmes. © 2010 Petoumenos et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.