Browsing by Author "Graduate School of Engineering"

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    Effects of long-term air pollution exposure on ankle-brachial index and cardio-ankle vascular index: A longitudinal cohort study using data from the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand study
    (2021-07-01) Kanawat Paoin; Kayo Ueda; Prin Vathesatogkit; Thammasin Ingviya; Suhaimee Buya; Arthit Phosri; Xerxes Tesoro Seposo; Nisakron Thongmung; Teerapat Yingchoncharoen; Akiko Honda; Hirohisa Takano; Piyamitr Sritara; Ramathibodi Hospital; Graduate School of Engineering; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Mahidol University; Nagasaki University; Kyoto University; Prince of Songkla University
    Background: Ankle-brachial index (ABI) and cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) are surrogate measures of atherosclerosis based on the functional performance of vessels, and are highly related to cardiovascular events. However, only a few longitudinal studies have been conducted on their associations with long-term air pollution exposure. Objective: This study aimed to examine whether long-term air pollution exposure is associated with ABI and CAVI in workers of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) in the Bangkok Metropolitan Region (BMR). Methods: This longitudinal study included 1261 participants (age range, 57–76 years as of 2007) of the EGAT study (2007–2017). ABI and CAVI were measured in 2007, 2012, and 2017. Annual mean concentrations of particulate matter ≤10 μm in diameter (PM10), sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3), and carbon monoxide (CO) were estimated by ordinary kriging using data from 22 background and 7 traffic monitoring stations in BMR between 2002 and 2017. Linear mixed-effects models were used to assess associations between air pollution (expressed as 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year average concentration) and ABI and CAVI (expressed as percent changes per interquartile range (IQR) increase in PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO). We also applied the mixed-effect ordinal logistic models to calculate odds ratios (ORs) of having high or moderate CAVI per an IQR increase in air pollution. Results: After controlling for potential confounders, 1-year average CO was negatively associated with ABI, but not significantly (−0.48%, 95% CI: −1.03, 0.07). Three-year average NO2 was positively associated with CAVI (6.67%, 95% CI: 0.21, 13.1). In contrast, 1-year average PM10 was inversely associated with CAVI although the association was not significant. Although not significantly, 1-year average NO2 and CO were positively associated with prevalence of high or moderate CAVI. Conclusions: Although not statistically significant, long-term NO2 and CO exposure was associated with ABI and CAVI in the participants of the EGAT study.
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    Long-term air pollution exposure and serum lipids and blood sugar: A longitudinal cohort study from the electricity generating authority of Thailand study
    (2021-08-15) Kanawat Paoin; Kayo Ueda; Prin Vathesatogkit; Thammasin Ingviya; Suhaimee Buya; Arthit Phosri; Xerxes Tesoro Seposo; Nisakron Thongmung; Teerapat Yingchoncharoen; Akiko Honda; Hirohisa Takano; Piyamitr Sritara; Ramathibodi Hospital; Graduate School of Engineering; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Mahidol University; Nagasaki University; Kyoto University; Prince of Songkla University
    Only a few studies have investigated the association between long-term exposure to air pollution and alterations of serum lipids and blood sugar level in developing countries. The present longitudinal study examined associations between long-term air pollution exposure and serum lipids [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)] and fasting glucose (FG) in workers of the Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (EGAT) in the Bangkok metropolitan region (BMR) of Thailand. We performed secondary analyses using the data obtained from 1,839 participants (mean age, 58.3 years as of 2002) of the EGAT1 cohort study (2002–2012). The average concentration of each air pollutants (PM10, O3, NO2, SO2, and CO) at the sub-district level in BMR from 2002 to 2012 were estimated using the ordinary kriging method. Exposure periods were averaged to 3 months prior to laboratory testing. Linear mixed effects models were used to estimate associations between air pollution and serum lipids and blood sugar. After controlling for potential confounders, an interquartile range increment of PM10, SO2, and CO was associated with elevated LDL-C [6.6% (95%CI: 4.3, 9.0), 11.1% (7.2, 15.2), and 1.9% (1.1, 2.7), respectively] and FG [2.8% (1.5, 4.2), 6.8% (4.5, 9.1), and 1.1% (0.6, 1.5), respectively]. In addition, PM10, SO2, and CO were inversely associated with HDL-C [-1.8% (−3.7, 0.1), −3.3% (−6.2, −0.3), and −1.1 (−1.7, −0.5), respectively]. O3 was negatively associated with TC, LDL-C, TG, and FG. These findings suggest inhalation of air pollutants may increase the risk of impaired metabolism of glucose and lipids.