Browsing by Author "Kao C.Y."

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    Biocompatibility and cytotoxic effects of myofunctional appliance materials on human periodontal ligament fibroblasts
    (2025-01-01) Huang T.H.; Yang T.H.; Kao C.Y.; Ho C.T.; Santiwong P.; Kao C.T.; Huang T.H.; Mahidol University
    Background/purpose: Prefabricated myofunctional devices are widely used in children's dentistry and early orthodontics. This study investigated the effects of materials used in myofunctional appliances on the viability of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs), inflammatory responses, and bone remodeling under simulated oral conditions. The focus was on biocompatibility and cytotoxicity to ensure safety in clinical applications. Materials and methods: Four materials—EF Line (EF), ProOrtho (PO), Myobrace (MB), and Invisalign (IV)—were tested under conditions with and without artificial saliva (AS). HPLFs were cultured and exposed to eluates from these materials for 24, 48, and 72 h. Cell viability was measured using the MTT assay, and protein expression of inflammatory and bone remodeling markers (COX-2, IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, ALP, OPG, RANKL) was evaluated using Western blotting. Results: A 30 % AS concentration had minimal impact on cell viability and was used in subsequent experiments. EF showed significant cytotoxicity and elevated inflammatory protein expression, particularly IL-6 and COX-2, peaking at 48 and 72 h. PO exhibited moderate effects, while IV and MB maintained higher cell viability and lower inflammatory responses, similar to the control group. For bone remodeling markers, EF demonstrated high RANKL expression and low ALP/OPG levels, indicating bone resorption potential. In contrast, IV and MB had minimal impact on bone remodeling, maintaining a favorable RANKL/OPG ratio. Conclusion: MB and IV demonstrated higher biocompatibility, minimal inflammatory effects, and stable bone remodeling properties. EF and PO exhibited higher cytotoxicity and inflammatory potential, maybe needed further material modifications to improve properties.
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    Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity assessment of 3D-printed orthodontic aligners: A comparative study of Graphy and LuxCreo resins on human periodontal ligament cells and osteosarcoma cells
    (2025-01-01) Kao C.Y.; Huang T.H.; Ho C.T.; Santiwong P.; Hsieh Y.H.; Kao C.T.; Kao C.Y.; Mahidol University
    Background/purpose: The development of 3D-printed orthodontic aligners offers an alternative to conventional thermoformed aligners, reducing material waste and production time. However, concerns regarding biocompatibility and cytotoxicity remain. This study evaluates the cellular response of human periodontal ligament (PDL) cells and MG63 osteoblast-like cells to Graphy and LuxCreo 3D-printed resins, assessing their potential impact on orthodontic treatment and bone remodeling. Materials and methods: PDL and MG63 cells were cultured and exposed to extracts from Graphy and LuxCreo resins. MTT assays measured cell viability at 24, 48, and 72 h, while phase-contrast microscopy analyzed cell morphology, adhesion, and confluency. Statistical comparisons were performed using ANOVA with Bonferroni post-hoc testing. Results: Graphy-treated cells exhibited high viability and confluency, demonstrating progressive adaptation and proliferation. In contrast, LuxCreo-treated cells showed lower initial viability, with poor adhesion and slower recovery. MG63 cells, in particular, exhibited reduced osteoblast compatibility with LuxCreo, indicating potential limitations for bone remodeling applications. Conclusion: Graphy demonstrated better biocompatibility and osteoblast support, making it a more suitable material for orthodontic applications. LuxCreo showed early cytotoxic effects, suggesting the need for surface modifications to enhance cellular response. Further research is required to optimize 3D-printed aligner materials for long-term intraoral use.
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    The Effect of Advance Care Planning Intervention on Hospitalization Among Nursing Home Residents: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
    (2022-09-01) Pimsen A.; Kao C.Y.; Hsu S.T.; Shu B.C.; Mahidol University
    Objective: To evaluate the effect of advance care planning (ACP) interventions on the hospitalization of nursing home residents. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Setting and Participants: Nursing homes and nursing home residents. Methods: A literature search was systematically conducted in 6 electronic databases (Embase, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, AgeLine, and the Psychology & Behavioral Sciences Collection), in addition to hand searches and reference list checking; the articles retrieved were those published from 1990 to November 2021. The eligible studies were randomized controlled trials, controlled trials, and pre-post intervention studies describing original data on the effect of ACP on hospitalization of nursing home residents; these studies had to be written in English. Two independent reviewers appraised the quality of the studies and extracted the relevant data using the Joanna Briggs Institute abstraction form and critical appraisal tools. A study protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022301648). Results: The initial search yielded 744 studies. Nine studies involving a total of 57,180 residents were included in the review. The findings showed that the ACP reduced the likelihood of hospitalization [relative risk (RR) 0.54, 95% CI 0.47-0.63; I2 = 0%)], it had no effect on emergency department (ED) visits (RR 0.60, 95% CI 0.31-1.42; I2 = 99), hospice enrollment (RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.88-1.10; I2 = 0%), mortality (RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.68-1.00; I2 = 4%), and satisfaction with care (standardized mean difference: −0.04, 95% CI −0.14 to −0.06; I2 = 0%). Conclusion and Implications: ACP reduced hospitalizations but did not affect the secondary outcomes, namely, ED visits, hospice enrollment, mortality, and satisfaction with care. These findings suggest that policy makers should support the implementation of ACP programs in nursing homes. More robust studies are needed to determine the effects of ACP on ED visits, hospice enrollment, mortality, and satisfaction with care.