Browsing by Author "Nattapon Nopporncharoenkul"

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    Chromosome number variation and polyploidy in 19 Kaempferia (Zingiberaceae) taxa from Thailand and one species from Laos
    (2017-09-01) Nattapon Nopporncharoenkul; Jatuporn Chanmai; Thaya Jenjittikul; Kesara Anamthawat-Jónsson; Puangpaka Soontornchainaksaeng; Mahidol University; University of Iceland
    © 2017 Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences Several Kaempferia species, endemic to Thailand, are rare and therefore entitled to conservation status; other species are widely cultivated. We conducted extensive cytogenetic investigation of this genus to elucidate the botanical and taxonomic characterization of these plants. The study included 42 accessions belonging to 15 Kaempferia species and four undescribed taxa from regions throughout Thailand, and one species from Laos. We determined chromosome numbers from root-tip cells collected from germinating rhizomes ex situ, but examined meiosis in flowers collected from the wild. The mitotic analyses verify that 2n chromosome numbers range from 22 (diploid, 15 taxa), 33 (triploid, three species), 44 (tetraploid, five taxa) to 55 (pentaploid, one species). Four taxa included accessions with different ploidy levels. The meiotic analyses demonstrated that all 14 diploid accessions investigated displayed normal meiosis, forming 11 bivalents, indicating the base chromosome number x = 11 for this genus. Meiotic figures were obtained from one triploid and four tetraploid accessions. The triploid showed 11 trivalents, most likely indicating autotriploidy. Two tetraploid accessions showed regular meiotic figures consisting of 22 bivalents, probably indicating allopolyploidy originating from interspecific hybrids, a hypothesis that is consistent with observations of plant morphology. The other two tetraploid accessions belong to the same species and show mostly irregular meiotic figures. Cytogenetic information is useful for evaluating fertility and hybridity in the genus. Good seed set was observed among diploid and tetraploid accessions. Triploid and pentaploid plants, on the other hand, do not set seeds, but produce large clusters of vegetatively-propagated rhizomes.
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    Cytogenetic and pollen identification of genus Gagnepainia (Zingiberaceae) in Thailand
    (2020-01-01) Paramet Moonkaew; Nattapon Nopporncharoenkul; Thaya Jenjittikul; Puangpaka Umpunjun; Mahidol University
    © 2020, Paramet Moonkaew et al. Gagnepainia godefroyi K. Schumann, 1904 and G. harmandii K. Schumann, 1904 belong to the genus Gagnepainia K. Schumann, 1904 of the Ginger family. They have the potential to be developed as medicinal and attractive ornamental plants. To date, the knowledge on the cytological and reproductive aspects of Gagnepainia have not been publicly available. Therefore, the aims of this research are to investigate the cytogenetic and pollen characters of Gagnepainia species using light, fluorescence, and scanning electron microscopes. The regular meiotic figures of 15 bivalents are found in both species and presented for the first time. These evidences indicate that Gagnepainia is diploid and contains 2n = 2x = 30 with basic number of x = 15. The mean nuclear DNA contents range from 1.986 pg in Gagnepainia sp., 2.090 pg in G. godefroyi to 2.195 pg in G. harmandii. Pollens of all species are monad, inaperturate, prolate with bilateral symmetry, and thick wall with fossulate exine sculpturing. The pollen size of G. harmandii (74.506 ± 5.075 μm, 56.082 ± 6.459 μm) is significantly larger than that of G. godefroyi (59.968 ± 3.484 μm, 45.439 ± 2.870 μm). Both 2C DNA content and pollen size are the effective characteristics for species discrimination. The reproductive evidence of high meiotic stability and normal pollen production indicate that both Gagnepainia species have high fertility and seed productivity, which are in accordance with the broad distribution. The present study provides good cytogenetic and pollen characters not only for plant identification, but also plant fertility assessment through plant genetic resource management and improvement of Gagnepainia.
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    Cytogenetic verification of Curcuma candida (Zingiberaceae) from Thailand and Myanmar
    (2020-01-01) Nattapon Nopporncharoenkul; Thaya Jenjittikul; Ngarmnij Chuenboonngarm; Kesara Anamthawat-Jónsson; Puangpaka Umpunjun; Haskoli Islands; Mahidol University
    © 2020 Forest Herbarium. Curcuma candida is a conservation-vulnerable species, rare and endemic to the Tenasserim Range (Thio Khao Tanaosri). This species was initially classified into the genus Kaempferia, based on morphology of specimen from Myanmar, and was given the name K. candida in 1830, but the first specimen from Thailand was only discovered in 2000. With the addition of molecular evidence, the species was transferred to Curcuma. The aim of the present study was therefore to find cytogenetic identity of C. candida, by investigating mitotic and meiotic divisions of five accessions obtained from the border districts of Thailand and Myanmar, in comparison with previous cytogenetic records of Curcuma and Kaempferia. The results show that C. candida is diploid with 2n = 42 and there is no variation among accessions. All accessions showed meiotic figure representing 21 bivalents during microsporogenesis, indicating the secondary base number x = 21. These chromosomal characteristics are closely similar to those found in diploid Curcuma species. The present paper also includes field observation and description of the plant phenology. The work has underlined an urgent need to protect this species in nature. During the sample collection trips we witnessed an excessive collection of edible flowers for local consumption.
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    Kaempferia graminifolia (subgen. Protanthium: Zingiberaceae), a new endemic species from Thailand
    (2018-11-29) Nattapon Nopporncharoenkul; Thaya Jenjittikul; Mahidol University
    © 2018 Magnolia Press. Kaempferia graminifolia, a new species belonging to subgen. Protanthium with unique grass-like foliage is described and illustrated. A preliminary IUCN conservation assessment finds that the status of this endemic species is Vulnerable.
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    Kaempferia noctiflora (Zingiberaceae), a new species from Northern Thailand
    (2017-08-01) Nattapon Nopporncharoenkul; Thaya Jenjittikul; Mahidol University
    © 2017 Magnolia Press. Kaempferia noctiflora, another precocious flowering species of Kaempferia subgen. Protanthium (Zingiberaceae) from Northern Thailand is described and illustrated. Pure white flowers with nocturnal anthesis and a tinged purplish red patch along the midvein of the upper surface of the leaves are the unique characters of this new taxon. The morphological characters of K. noctiflora are compared to closely related species and a key to Thai precocious flowering Kaempferia species is also provided.
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    Two new species of Kaempferia subgenus Protanthium (Zingiberaceae) from northern Thailand
    (2020-02-01) Nattapon Nopporncharoenkul; Woranuch Laongsri; Thaya Jenjittikul; Mahidol University; Herbarium
    © 2020 Nordic Society Oikos. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd Kaempferia aurora sp. nov. Noppornch. & Jenjitt., from Tak province near the Thailand-Myanmar border, and K. caespitosa sp. nov. Noppornch. & Jenjitt., from Lampang province, northern Thailand, are described as new species of K. subgen. Protanthium (Horan.) Baker. Their diagnostic characters are compared with those of similar species. Detailed illustrations, photographs of dissected flowers, information on phenology, distribution and ecology, and preliminary conservation statuses are provided for both new species. An identification key to the species of Kaempferia subgen. Protanthium in Thailand is also revised and presented.