Browsing by Author "Rasmon Kalayasiri"

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    Treatment of methamphetamine-induced psychosis: A double-blind randomized controlled trial comparing haloperidol and quetiapine
    (2014-01-01) Viroj Verachai; Warangkana Rukngan; Kachornwan Chawanakrasaesin; Sumnao Nilaban; Somporn Suwanmajo; Rossukon Thanateerabunjong; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Rasmon Kalayasiri; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University
    Rationale: To our knowledge, only a few double-blind randomized controlled trials with antipsychotic drugs have been conducted to examine the treatment of methamphetamine-induced psychosis (MAP). Objectives: The aims of this study are to compare the antipsychotic and adverse events of quetiapine, an atypical antipsychotic drug, to haloperidol, a standard treatment for primary psychotic disorder, in individuals with MAP. Methods: Eighty individuals with MAP were randomly assigned into two groups, i.e. treatment with quetiapine (n∈=∈36) and haloperidol (n∈=∈44). Sixty-eight patients (85 %) completed the study protocol, i.e. treatment with quetiapine at least 100 mg per day or haloperidol at least 2 mg per day orally once a day for 4 weeks. The doses were increased every 5 days until no psychotic symptom was observed from the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Data were analysed by survival analysis with Cox's proportional regression analysis, general estimating equations and log-rank tests. Results: Thirty-two (89 %) subjects from the quetiapine group and 37 subjects (84 %) from the haloperidol group met the remission criteria at the end of the study. Baseline PANSS total scores of quetiapine and haloperidol groups were 82.4∈±∈16.6 and 90.0∈±∈18.4, respectively (mean∈±∈SD; p∈=∈0.06). The change-from-baseline scores were -47.8 for the quetiapine group and -53.2 for the haloperidol group. There were no significant differences between the antipsychotic effects (coefficient value∈=∈-2. 6, p∈=∈0.32, 95%CI∈=∈-7.6, 2.5) and the adverse effects of quetiapine and haloperidol. Conclusions: Quetiapine may be used as an antipsychotic treatment for MAP with comparable therapeutic effects and adverse events to treatment with classical antipsychotic drugs. © 2014 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
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    Use of E-Cigarettes and Associated Factors among Youth in Thailand
    (2021-07-01) Roengrudee Patanavanich; Wichai Aekplakorn; Stanton A. Glantz; Rasmon Kalayasiri; University of California, San Francisco; Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University
    Objective: The study explored e-cigarette use among youth and associated factors in Thailand. Methods: This was a cross sectional study of 6,045 seventh grade students selected using a multistage design. Self-administered questionnaires relating to the socio-demographic characteristics, history of cigarette and e-cigarette uses, friends’ and family’s use of e-cigarettes, knowledge and perception of e-cigarette use, history of alcohol uses, and life assets were gathered. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to examine the variables and their association with e-cigarette use. Results: Prevalence of ever e-cigarette use was 7.2% and current e-cigarette use was 3.7%. We found that current cigarette smoking (AOR 4.28, 95% CI: 2.05-8.94), parental e-cigarette use (AOR 6.08, 95% CI: 2.81-13.17), peer e-cigarette use (AOR 3.82, 95% CI: 2.19-6.65), peer approval of smoking (AOR 1.95, 95% CI: 1.11-3.41), and unaware of e-cigarettes’ risk (AOR 5.25, 95% CI: 2.67-10.34). were significantly associated with current use of e-cigarettes. Male sex, poor academic achievement, and poor life assets (power of wisdom) were only significantly associated with ever e-cigarette use. Conclusion: Prevalence of current e-cigarette use among Thai middle school students did not change significantly since the government banned importation and sales of e-cigarettes in 2015, suggesting that the Thai ban has been a success. Factors associated with e-cigarette use among Thai youth were consistent with other countries. Ever e-cigarette use, increased, but less than in countries without a ban. To strengthen efforts to prevent youth from e-cigarette use and addiction, the government should improve law enforcement, especially against online marketing and strengthen school-based anti-smoking programs to include e-cigarette lessons, educating parents and the public about the harm of e-cigarettes, including secondhand effects on non-users.