Journal Issue: EnNRJ Vol. 19 No. 6
1
Issued Date
2021
Resource Type
Language
tha
eng
eng
File Type
application/pdf
Access Rights
open access
Rights
ผลงานนี้เป็นลิขสิทธิ์ของมหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล ขอสงวนไว้สำหรับเพื่อการศึกษาเท่านั้น ต้องอ้างอิงแหล่งที่มา ห้ามดัดแปลงเนื้อหา และห้ามนำไปใช้เพื่อการค้า
Rights Holder(s)
Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahidol University
Journal Volume
EnNRJ Volume 19
(2021)
Articles
Energy Use and Consumption Patterns of Maize Cultivation - A Case Study in Thailand
(2021) Sirikarn Thongmai; Thanakrit Neamhom; Withida Patthanaissaranukool; Supawadee Polprasert; Mahidol University. Faculty of Public Health. Department of Environmental Health Sciences; Mahidol University. Center of Excellence on Environmental Health and Toxicology (EHT)
This study explored energy inputs and consumption patterns to determine energy and economical indices for maize cultivation in Thailand. To assess the energy performance of four used cropping systems, namely, highland cultivation in wet season (HLWS), highland cultivation in dry season (HLDS), plains cultivation in wet season (PLWS), and plains cultivation in dry season (PLDS), data from energy consumed and produced show Net Energy Value (NEV) gains of +77.0, +106.5, +191.6, and +228.5 GJ/ha, respectively. Positive signs indicate that the required energy was less than energy produced which reveals sustainability. Use of fertilizer accounted for the major input energy in all systems, followed by fossil fuels, human labor and seeds. A cost performance analysis demonstrated PLDS production exhibited the highest profit earnings (1,365.2 USD/ha). To establish an alternative way to reduce the amount of energy consumed together with increased profit returns to farmers, the renewable energy from waste manure was used to replace dependence on chemical fertilizers. Scenarios using manure from cows, chickens, and farmyards were considered. Results showed that the use of farmyard manure created greater amounts of energy efficiency and economical return rates. Moreover, the benefits increased with increased amounts of organic material applied.
Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Orange Peel Extract for Application in Catalytic Degradation of Methylene Blue Dye
(2021) Cathleen Simatupang; Vinod K Jindal; Ranjna Jindal; Mahidol University. Faculty of Engineering. Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering; Mahidol University. Faculty of Engineering. Department of Chemical Engineering
Interest in the biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) has been steadily increasing primarily due to their numerous applications in various fields, low-cost, use of non-toxic environmentally-friendly materials and easy implementation. This study focused on the biosynthesis of AgNPs using orange peel extract (OPE), optimization of process conditions, and application in catalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) dye used in the textile industry. A central composite design in response surface methodology resulted in optimum conditions of 0.0075 g dry peel/mL for OPE concentration, pH of 11 and 1.5 mM silver nitrate concentration. The optimum conditions for the response variables corresponded to the peak absorbance of 0.79 and SPR wavelength of 403.8 nm in UV-vis spectra, and minimum particle size of 12.9 nm. In addition, peak absorbance and SPR wavelength appeared to be related to the size of the AgNPs. A full-factorial design for the catalytic degradation of MB dye by the biosynthesized AgNPs for 1 h indicated the maximum influence of AgNPs compared to the concentrations of MB dye and NaBH4 in decreasing order. The MB dye was reduced rapidly with NaBH4 in the presence of AgNPs due to their catalytic action. The findings of the study show the potential of OPE for the biosynthesis of AgNPs with excellent catalytic activity for the treatment of MB dye in industrial effluent.
Effect of Fungus-Growing Termite on Soil CO2 Emission at Termitaria Scale in Dry Evergreen Forest, Thailand
(2021) Warin Boonriam; Pongthep Suwanwaree; Sasitorn Hasin; Phuvasa Chanonmuang; Taksin Archawakom; Akinori Yamada; Mahidol University. Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies; Suranaree University of Technology. Institute of Science. School of Biology; Valaya Alongkorn Rajabhat University under the Royal Patronage. College of Innovative Management. Innovation of Environmental Management; Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research. Expert Centre of Innovation Clean Energy and Environment; Royal Forest Department. Sakaerat Environmental Research Station; Tokyo Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Sciences
Termites are one of the major contributors to high spatial variability in soil respiration. Although epigeal termite mounds are considered as a point of high CO2 effluxes, the patterns of mound CO2 effluxes are different, especially the mound of fungus-growing termites in a tropical forest. This study quantified the effects of a fungus-growing termite (Macrotermes carbonarius) associated with soil CO2 emission by considering their nesting pattern in dry evergreen forest, Thailand. A total of six mounds of M. carbonarius were measured for CO2 efflux rates on their mounds and surrounding soils in dry and wet seasons. Also, measurement points were investigated for the active underground passages at the top 10% of among efflux rates. The mean rate of CO2 emission from termitaria of M. carbonarius was 7.66 µmol CO2/m2/s, consisting of 2.94 and 9.11 µmol CO2/m2/s from their above mound and underground passages (the rate reached up to 50.00 µmol CO2/m2/s), respectively. While the CO2 emission rate from the surrounding soil alone was 6.86 µmol CO2/m2/s. The results showed that the termitaria of M. carbonarius contributed 8.4% to soil respiration at the termitaria scale. The study suggests that fungus-growing termites cause a local and strong variation in soil respiration through underground passages radiating out from the mounds in dry evergreen forest.
Title
EnNRJ Vol. 19 No. 6
Author's Affiliation
Mahidol University. Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies
มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. คณะสิ่งแวดล้อมและทรัพยากรศาสตร์
มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. คณะสิ่งแวดล้อมและทรัพยากรศาสตร์
Keyword(s)
Climate change
Biodiversity
Disaster
Ecological
Environmental modelling
Environmental dynamics
Environmental pollution
Emerging contaminants
Transboundary pollution
Waste and wastewater treatments
Hazardous wastes
Natural resource management
Multidisciplinary sciences
Environment and Natural Resources Journal
Biodiversity
Disaster
Ecological
Environmental modelling
Environmental dynamics
Environmental pollution
Emerging contaminants
Transboundary pollution
Waste and wastewater treatments
Hazardous wastes
Natural resource management
Multidisciplinary sciences
Environment and Natural Resources Journal