The importance of epigenetics in embryonic development and reproductive biotechnology

Abstract

It is well established that epigenetics and chromatin modifications are primary factors that can govern gene activity and nuclear architecture. They are also proven to be essential for normal embryonic development and cell differentiation. One important step during mouse development is the establishment of epigenetic reprogramming which is believed to be vital for normal growth and development, however; the mechanism is still poorly understood. Creating embryo using reproductive biotechnology such as IVM/IVF, ICSI and nuclear transfer may cause abnormal epigenetic pattern. This review summarise the role and the importance of epigenetic in embryonic development as well as reproductive biotechnology from research literature mainly in mouse used as a model for mammalian development.