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Item Metadata only Global governance and security challenges: transnational pathways to reducing terrorism mortality in a globalized world(2025-12-01) Islam S.; Roshid M.M.; Bhowmik R.C.; Dhar B.K.; Islam M.S.; Raihan A.; Akter F.; Islam S.; Mahidol UniversityThis study investigates the transnational drivers of terrorism mortality through the lens of global governance, focusing on countries most affected by terrorism during the study period (1995–2023), identified dynamically using Global Terrorism Index rankings across multiple years rather than a single static list. Using the Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) model, it analyzes how key governance variables—political stability, regional conflict, human development, militarization, liberal democracy, and political corruption—influence terrorism-related deaths across interconnected regions. The analysis accounts for cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity, and additionally incorporates country and year fixed effects in robustness checks to mitigate omitted variable bias and capture unobserved heterogeneity across space and time. Findings reveal that governance factors traditionally considered strengths, such as political stability, human development, and democracy, may inadvertently escalate terrorism mortality when poorly aligned with regional security dynamics. Conversely, militarization and corruption exhibit paradoxical effects, while regional conflict presents unexpected negative associations. The study uncovers several counterintuitive governance effects, reinforcing the need for caution in interpreting long-run elasticities and highlighting the importance of future research into potential nonlinearities and omitted variable influences. This study uniquely contributes to the global governance literature by offering a transnational econometric framework to understand terrorism mortality within a sustainable development context. It concludes with policy insights calling for internationally coordinated governance strategies that reinforce institutional resilience and promote SDG 16 objectives through inclusive, development-oriented security reforms.Item Metadata only Strategies to determine the determinants of financial performance of conventional and Islamic commercial banks: Evidence from Bangladesh(2022-12-01) Chowdhury E.K.; Dhar B.K.; Thanakijsombat T.; Stasi A.; Mahidol UniversityThis paper aims to determine the role of bank-centric, industry-centric and macroeconomic determinants on the financial performance of conventional and Islamic commercial banks in Bangladesh. The financial performance of 28 conventional and 8... Islamic commercial banks was measured by Return on Assets, Return on Equity, Net Interest Margin, and the Pre-provision Profit Ratio. Generalized method of moments and pooled, fixed effects and random effects estimates have been applied considering panelItem Metadata only Sustainable Housing Finance: Role of Islamic Banks in Bangladesh(2024-06-01) Shoaib S.M.; Dhar B.K.; Suengkamolpisut W.; Ahmed S.; Sarkar S.M.; Shoaib S.M.; Mahidol UniversityThe demand for sustainable housing in Bangladesh is increasing as the country experiences rapid urbanization. This study investigates the role of Islamic banks in facilitating green housing finance, a critical yet underexplored aspect of the region...’s economic development. The novelty of this work lies in its focus on Islamic banking’s contribution to sustainable development goals through housing finance, an area with significant potential for strategic impacts on both environmentalItem Metadata only Policy pathways for renewable energy, health, and sustainability in sub-saharan Africa: An empirical assessment of energy access and life expectancy(2025-11-01) Islam S.; Roshid M.M.; Chandra Bhowmik R.; Dhar B.K.; Raihan A.; Karim R.; Islam S.; Mahidol UniversityThis study investigates the effects of renewable energy consumption, health expenditure, CO2 emissions, GDP, and population growth on life expectancy in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). It uses unbalanced panel data from 46 SSA countries spanning 1995–2023. To ensure robustness and address cross-sectional dependence and heterogeneity, the study applies Driscoll–Kraay standard errors, Dynamic Ordinary Least Squares (DOLS), and Quantile Regression (QR), offering insights across the distribution of life expectancy. The results show that GDP and health expenditure positively influence life expectancy, while CO2 emissions and population growth have significant negative impacts. Notably, renewable energy consumption is negatively associated with life expectancy, suggesting that limited access, inefficient technologies, and weak institutions constrain health benefits in the region. These findings challenge conventional assumptions about the automatic advantages of clean energy in low-capacity settings. The study recommends region-specific, actionable policies such as expanding decentralized renewable energy systems, increasing investment in primary healthcare infrastructure, and integrating energy and health planning at the national level. These measures are essential to achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 3 (Good Health), 7 (Clean Energy), and 13 (Climate Action), and provide a roadmap for inclusive and resilient development in SSA.Item Metadata only Effects of lean and six sigma initiatives on continuous quality improvement of the accredited hospitals(2023-01-01) Ahmed S.; Islam R.; Ashrafi D.M.; Alqasmi I.; Choudhury M.M.; Rahman M.; Dhar B.K.; Mahidol UniversityThe main purpose of this study is to investigate the role of Lean and Six Sigma initiatives on continuous quality improvement in the Malaysian Society for Quality in Health (MSQH) accredited hospitals. In particular, it investigates the relationship between top management support and teamwork. It also examines the influence of teamwork on Lean and Six Sigma initiatives. In this study, 450 survey questionnaires were distributed to twelve MSQH-accredited hospitals’ staff using the Stratified Random Sampling method and received 251 useable responses constituting a 55.78 per cent response rate. The reliability and validity of the research variables were tested based on internal consistency, construct validity and discriminant validity by applying the SmartPLS 3.3.4 software. The relationships among various variables in the model were tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). Overall, the study’s findings reveal that Lean and Six Sigma initiatives positively and significantly impact the continuous quality improvement of MSQH-accredited hospitals. The findings also indicate that top management support has a positive and significant relationship with teamwork and vice versa, i.e. teamwork significantly affects Lean and Six Sigma initiatives.Item Metadata only Environmental sustainability indicators of Canada's carbon transition: AI innovation, financial systems, and decentralized governance(2026-06-01) Roshid M.M.; Islam S.; Dhar B.K.; Crowley S.S.; Martinho D.; Bhowmik R.C.; Roshid M.M.; Mahidol UniversityEnvironmental sustainability transitions require robust indicator-based evidence to evaluate how technological, financial, and governance factors shape progress toward carbon neutrality. However, the environmental sustainability indicators literature still offers limited evidence on how these structural drivers jointly influence a core environmental indicator within a single advanced economy context . This study examines Canada's carbon transition by assessing the long- and short-run effects of artificial intelligence (AI) innovation, stock market capitalization, fiscal decentralization, renewable energy consumption, and economic growth on CO2 emissions over the period 1990 to 2023. Grounded in the integrated insights of the Environmental Kuznets Curve, Ecological Modernization Theory, and the Technology-Environment Nexus, the study employs autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing, which is well suited to mixed orders of integration and relatively small annual time-series samples , complemented by FMOLS, DOLS, and CCR estimators. The findings show that AI innovation and financial system expansion are associated with higher emissions in the long run, whereas fiscal decentralization and renewable energy consumption contribute to emissions reduction. These results suggest that technological and financial advancement do not automatically improve environmental performance unless supported by effective governance and sustainability-oriented policy coordination. The findings offer policy-relevant insights for designing governance and monitoring frameworks that better align innovation, finance, and decentralized decision-making with long-term environmental sustainability goals.Item Metadata only Environmental Sustainability and CO2 Emissions in Mexico: Unveiling the Roles of Fiscal Policy, Digital Innovation, and Renewable Energy Transitions(2025-01-01) Islam S.; Pérez-Romero M.E.; Yousuf M.; Dhar B.K.; Bhowmik R.C.; Roshid M.M.; Sumon S.A.; Islam S.; Mahidol UniversityAddressing environmental degradation has become a pressing priority in the era of global sustainability. As carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions continue to escalate—particularly in emerging economies—identifying effective policy and technological pathways for emissions reduction is essential. This study investigates how economic growth, governance mechanisms, and technological advancement influence environmental sustainability in Mexico during the period 1980–2023. Mexico, a key emerging economy with ambitious climate goals, serves as a critical case for exploring these dynamics. Using annual time series data, the study employs the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) bounds testing method, supported by robustness checks using fully modified ordinary least squares (FMOLS), dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS), and canonical cointegration regression (CCR) techniques. The findings reveal that fiscal decentralization and economic growth significantly contribute to environmental degradation, while renewable energy consumption and globalization are associated with reductions in CO2 emissions. Although ICT expansion holds long-term efficiency potential, it currently exacerbates emissions due to its dependence on fossil-fuel-based infrastructure. These results underscore the complex trade-offs involved in aligning fiscal, technological, and energy policies with sustainability goals. The study concludes with clear policy recommendations: Mexico should reform its fiscal decentralization frameworks, invest in renewable-powered ICT infrastructure, and accelerate clean energy development to fulfill its climate commitments. The findings offer actionable insights to guide low-carbon transitions in emerging economies.Item Metadata only Nonlinear effects of ICT-trade openness on sustainable energy transition in Bangladesh(2025-11-01) Riaz M.H.; Islam S.; Ahmed Z.; Khan M.; Roshid M.M.; Dhar B.K.; Uddin M.S.; Riaz M.H.; Mahidol UniversityThis study explores the impact of ICT-trade openness on Bangladesh's sustainable energy transition over the period 1991–2023. Sustainable energy transition is conceptualized here as a multidimensional process encompassing renewable energy adoption, energy efficiency improvements, expanded access to clean cooking technologies, and reductions in CO2 emissions. Motivated by the growing importance of digital integration in low-carbon development, this analysis investigates whether ICT-trade openness facilitates progress across these dimensions. Using the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model, the study captures both short- and long-term nonlinear threshold effects of ICT-trade openness on energy and environmental indicators. The results reveal a nonlinear relationship: moderate levels of ICT trade integration stimulate positive sustainability outcomes, while excessive openness results in diminishing returns due to infrastructural bottlenecks, technological mismatch, and policy fragmentation. The findings also highlight a dual effect on CO2 emissions—initial increases associated with rising energy demand are mitigated over time through renewable energy integration. These outcomes underscore the importance of strategically managed ICT trade policies that align digital expansion with sustainable energy infrastructure and institutional readiness. The study offers novel empirical insights and actionable policy recommendations for aligning digital globalization with climate and energy goals in developing economies.Item Metadata only Leveraging Green Capabilities and Digital Accounting Under ESG Pressure: Strategic Insights From an Emerging Market's Global Value Chains(2025-01-01) Tanchangya T.; Siddiqi K.O.; Dhar B.K.; Rahman J.; Islam N.; Das S.; Tanchangya T.; Mahidol UniversityESG-driven buyer governance in global value chains compels emerging-market suppliers to internalize new bundles of green and digital capabilities to remain competitive. This study examines how manufacturing firms in such contexts can orchestrate these capabilities under ESG pressure to achieve sustainable organizational performance. Anchored in the natural resource-based view (NRBV) and dynamic capabilities perspective (DCV), we develop and test an integrative framework in which sustainability management accounting (SMA) operates as a capability conduit linking green knowledge integration capability (GKIC) and green organizational culture (GOC) to performance, while business analytics adoption (BAA) functions as a digital amplifier that strengthens the SMA–SOP relationship. Using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) on survey data from 412 professionals in Bangladesh's export-oriented manufacturing sector, the findings demonstrate that SMA mediates and BAA amplifies the impact of green capabilities on performance. Robustness diagnostics (PLSpredict and IPMA) confirm predictive validity and managerial priority areas. Practically, integrating SMA and BAA helps firms improve ESG audit pass rates, retain preferred-supplier status, and sustain export continuity in international markets. The study advances theory by conceptualizing the GKIC–SMA–BAA configuration as a scalable pathway for ESG-driven competitiveness in global value chains.Item Metadata only Effects of Job Satisfaction on Job Performance of Sugar Industrial Workers: Empirical Evidence from Bangladesh(2022-11-01) Gazi M.A.I.; Islam M.A.; Shaturaev J.; Dhar B.K.; Mahidol UniversityThe primary objective of the current study was to determine how job satisfaction effects the job performance of sugar industrial workers in Bangladesh. Moreover, this study examined the level of job satisfaction of employees in Bangladesh’s sugar industrial estate. In this quantitative study, respondents filled out a pre-structured questionnaire. The stratified random sampling approach was used to select 300 respondents from five sugar mills in the sugar industry. Job Performance Indicator (JPI), an 8-item self-rated performance scale, was used to assess job performance, and job satisfaction was measured using the JSI (Job Satisfaction Index). A regression analysis was performed using SPSS software for this study. Initially, reliability statistics were calculated for both scales in order to assess their relevance. The study’s findings showed a strong relationship between employee job satisfaction and job performance. The survey also showed that, compared to respondents’ personal characteristics, job-related factors had a greater impact on job performance. Furthermore, based on the findings of the study, job satisfaction among sugar sector workers in Bangladesh does not significantly differ by qualifications or age. In addition, the study found that foremen had a greater knowledge of the worksite than workers with less experience. However, the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant. There is strong evidence that employee satisfaction varies based on employee category. To improve job satisfaction and performance, the results and findings will be useful for the government, policymakers, and personnel departments of Bangladesh’s sugar mills. To make organizational decisions and policies about job satisfaction and job performance, it can be used to measure job satisfaction and the impact of job performance.
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