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Publication Metadata only Gender difference in treatment seeking behaviors of tuberculosis cases in rural communities of Bangladesh(2004-03-01) Giasuddin Ahsan; Jalaluddin Ahmed; Pratap Singhasivanon; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Kamolnetr Okanurak; Nawarat Suwannapong; Pasakorn Akarasewi; Mohammad A. Majid; Vikarunessa Begum; Kazi Belayetali; DGHS; National TB Control Programme; Mahidol University; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; Prime Minister's Office; NTPThis descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate gender differences in the epidemiological factors associated with the treatment seeking behaviors of TB cases in the rural communities of Bangladesh. The study reveals... that there is significant gender difference in treatment seeking behaviors of rural TB cases and the majority of them (52%) have taken prior treatment from various traditional healers, 70% of them are females who attended health centers (UZHCs) as the other choice (adjustedPublication Metadata only Gender differences in epidemiological factors associated with treatment completion status of leprosy patients in the most hyperendemic district of Nepal(2004-06-01) B. C. Rajendra Kumar; Pratap Singhasivanon; Jeevan Bahadur Sherchand; Punkae Mahaisavariya; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Somchai Peerapakorn; Krisada Mahotarn; Mahidol University; Tribhuvan University; World Health Organization, Thailand; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; Nepal Agricultural Research Councilequally, in most parts of the world significant differences have been found in treatment status. The main objective of the study was to investigate gender differences in epidemiological factors associated with treatment status of leprosy patients... treatment, while 34.4% female patients did not complete within the given time frame. Significant gender differences among leprosy patients were found in the distribution of disability grades and treatment completion status. However, there was no significantPublication Metadata only Gender differences in kap related to HIV/AIDS among freshmen in Afghan Universities(2008-05-01) Abdul Basir Mansoor; Wijitr Fungladda; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Waranya Wongwit; Department of Social and Environmental Medicine; Mahidol UniversityThis cross-sectional study aimed to describe the level of knowledge, perception/ attitude, and practices related to HIV among 1,054 freshmen students in four Afghan universities differences between genders. A probability, two stage sampling method..., and attitude were not statistically different between genders. A considerable proportion of students (14.6%), as compared to peer-countries, were sexually active. A very high level of sharing injecting needles (4.5%) and shaving sets (20.8%) were also reportedPublication Metadata only Sexual behaviors of alcohol drinkers and non-drinkers among adolescents and young adults in Nha Trang, Vietnam(2007-01-01) Huu Tho Le; Pratap Singhasivanon; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Linda Marie Kaljee; Chanin Charoenkul; Mahidol University; University of Maryland; Khanh Hoa Provincial Health Servicebehaviors by gender difference. The data revealed that the majority of respondents (65.9%) had consumed alcohol, 25.8% had sexual touching with boy/girl friends, and 10.1% of respondents had engaged in sexual experiences including vaginal sex, anal sex..., and/or oral sex. Young men were significantly more likely to drink than young women were (p<0.001), and alcohol use was significantly associated with engagement in sexual experiences (p<0.001). There was a strong significant different between sexual touchingPublication Metadata only Seroprevalence and risk factors of hepatitis B virus infection among health care workers at the Institute of Neurology(2007-08-01) Supawadee Chiarakul; Krissana Eunumjitkul; Sunanta Vuttiopas; Ar Reerut Vorapimol; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Yong Poovorawan; Prasat Neurological Institute; Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University.2%) had protective levels of anti-HBs, 7 (1.3 %) had low anti-HBs levels. The significant risk factors included not having received the hepatitis B vaccine, male gender, past history of jaundice, viral hepatitis, family history of hepatoma, spouse... with hepatitis B, and duration of employment in a clinical environment exceeding 5 years. No significant differences were found among HCWs regarding frequency of exposure to blood products. Conclusion: Base on the significant risk factors of hepatitis B virusPublication Open Access Artemisinin resistance containment project in Thailand. II: Responses to mefloquine-artesunate combination therapy among falciparum malaria patients in provinces bordering Cambodia(2012-08-28) Wichai Satimai; Prayuth Sudathip; Saowanit Vijaykadga; Amnat Khamsiriwatchara; อำนาจ คำศิริวัชรา; Surasak Sawang; Thanapon Potithavoranan; Aumnuyphan Sangvichean; Delacollette, Charles; Pratap Singhasivanon; ประตาป สิงหศิวานนท์; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Saranath Lawpoolsri; สารนาถ ล้อพูลศรี; Saranath Lawpoolsri; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Center of Excellence for Biomedical and Public Health Informatics (BIOPHICS)14% of patients undergoing MAS remained parasite-positive on day-3. Delayed parasite clearance was not significantly associated with patient gender, age, or citizenship. However, delayed parasite clearance varied across the study area. CONCLUSIONPublication Open Access Vaccine-induced IgG antibodies to V1V2 regions of multiple HIV- 1 subtypes correlate with decreased risk of HIV-1 infection.(2014-02-04) Zolla-Pazner, Susan; deCamp, Allan; Gilbert, Peter B.; Williams, Constance; Yates, Nicole L.; Williams, William T.; Howington, Robert; Fong, Youyi; Morris, Daryl E.; Soderberg, Kelly A.; Irene, Carmela; Reichman, Charles; Pinter, Abraham; Parks, Robert; Punnee Pitisuttithum; พรรณี ปิติสุทธิธรรม; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Supachai Rerks-Ngarm; ศุภชัย ฤกษ์งาม; Sorachai Nitayaphan; สรชัย นิตยพันธ; Andrews, Charla; O’Connell, Robert J.; Yang, Zhi-yong; Nabel, Gary J.; Kim, Jerome H.; Michael, Nelson L.; Montefiori, David C.; Liao, Hua-Xin; Haynes, Barton F.; Tomaras, Georgia D.; Zolla-Pazner, Susan; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine.-react with V1V2 from different HIV-1 subtypes, if the nature of the V1V2 antigen used to asses cross-reactivity influenced infection risk, and to identify immune assays for upcoming HIV-1 vaccine efficacy trials, new V1V2-scaffold antigens were designed...-induced IgG Abs recognizing V1V2 regions from multiple HIV-1 subtypes, and presented on different scaffolds, constitute inverse correlates of risk for HIV-1 infection in the RV144 vaccine trial. The V1V2 antigens provide a link between RV144 and upcomingPublication Open Access Directly-observed therapy (DOT) for the radical 14-day primaquine treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria on the Thai-Myanmar border(2010-11-01) Takeuchi, Rie; Saranath Lawpoolsri; สารนาถ ล้อพูลศรี; Mallika Imwong; มัลลิกา อิ่มวงศ์; Kobayashi, Jun; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Sasithon Pukrittayakamee; ศศิธร ผู้กฤตยาคามี; Supalap Puangsa-art; ศุภลาภ พวงสอาด; Nipon Thanyavanich; นิพนธ์ ธัญญวานิช; Wanchai Maneeboonyang; วรรณไชย มณีบุญยัง; Day, Nicholas P.J.; Pratap Singhasivanon; ประตาป สิงหศิวานนท์; Pratap Singhasivanon; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU); Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene.BACKGROUND: Plasmodium vivax has a dormant hepatic stage, called the hypnozoite, which can cause relapse months after the initial attack. For 50 years, primaquine has been used as a hypnozoitocide to radically cure P. vivax infection, but major concerns remain regarding the side-effects of the drug and adherence to the 14-day regimen. This study examined the effectiveness of using the directly-observed therapy (DOT) method for the radical treatment of P. vivax malaria infection, to prevent reappearance of the parasite within the 90-day follow-up period. Other potential risk factors for the reappearance of P. vivax were also explored. METHODS: A randomized trial was conducted from May 2007 to January 2009 in a low malaria transmission area along the Thai-Myanmar border. Patients aged ≥ 3 years diagnosed with P. vivax by microscopy, were recruited. All patients were treated with the national standard regimen of chloroquine for three days followed by primaquine for 14 days. Patients were randomized to receive DOT or self-administered therapy (SAT). All patients were followed for three months to check for any reappearance of P. vivax. RESULTS: Of the 216 patients enrolled, 109 were randomized to DOT and 107 to SAT. All patients recovered without serious adverse effects. The vivax reappearance rate was significantly lower in the DOT group than the SAT group (3.4/10,000 person-days vs. 13.5/10,000 person-days, p = 0.021). Factors related to the reappearance of vivax malaria included inadequate total primaquine dosage received (< 2.75 mg/kg), duration of fever ≤ 2 days before initiation of treatment, parasite count on admission ≥ 10,000/µl, multiple P. vivax-genotype infection, and presence of P. falciparum infection during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to the 14-day primaquine regimen is important for the radical cure of P. vivax malaria infection. Implementation of DOT reduces the reappearance rate of the parasite, and may subsequently decrease P. vivax transmission in the area.Publication Open Access Application of smart phone in "Better Border Healthcare Program": a module for mother and child care(2010-11) Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Pratap Singhasivanon; ประตาป สิงหศิวานนท์; Amnat Khamsiriwatchara; อำนาจ คำศิริวัชรา; Surasak Sawang; Pongthep Meankaew; พงษ์เทพ เมียนแก้ว; Apisit Wechsart; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Mediicine. Department of Tropical HygieneBACKGROUND: To assess the application of cell phone integrating into the healthcare system to improve antenatal care (ANC) and expanded programme on immunization (EPI) services for the under-served population in border area. METHODS: A module combining web-based and mobile technology was developed to generate ANC/EPI visit schedule dates in which the healthcare personnel can cross-check, identify and update the mother's ANC and child's EPI status at the healthcare facility or at the household location when performing home visit; with additional feature of sending appointment reminder directly to the scheduled mother in the community. RESULTS: The module improved ANC/EPI coverage in the study area along the country border including for both Thai and non-Thai mothers and children who were either permanent resident or migrants; numbers of ANC and EPI visit on-time as per schedule significantly increased; there was less delay of antenatal visits and immunizations. CONCLUSIONS: The module integrated and functioned successfully as part of the healthcare system; it is proved for its feasibility and the extent to which community healthcare personnel in the low resource setting could efficiently utilize it to perform their duties.Publication Open Access Is your ethics committee efficient? Using "IRB Metrics" as a self-assessment tool for continuous improvement at the Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Thailand.(2014-11-18) Pornpimon Adams; พรพิมล อดัมส์; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาน; Chanthima Limphattharacharoen; Sukanya Prakobtham; สุกัญญา ประกอบธรรม; Krisana Pengsaa; ฤษณา เพ็งสา; Srisin Khusmith; ศรีสิน คูสมิทธิ์; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Office of Research Services; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Pediatrics; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Microbiology and Immunologyunjust. This study systematically analyzed the efficiency of different IRB functions, and the relationship between efficiency and perceived quality of the decision-making process. The major purposes of this study were thus (1) to use the IRB Metrics... information based on IRB Metrics structure-process-outcome illuminates different areas for internal-process improvement. Ethical issues raised with researchers by the IRB, which were associated with the duration of the approval process in protocol review