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Publication Metadata only Opposite malaria and pregnancy effect on oral bioavailability of artesunate - A population pharmacokinetic evaluation(2015-10-01) Frank Kloprogge; Rose McGready; Aung Pyae Phyo; Marcus J. Rijken; Warunee Hanpithakpon; Hla Hla Than; Nathar Hlaing; Naw Thida Zin; Nicholas P.J. Day; Nicholas J. White; François Nosten; Joel Tarning; University of Oxford; Mahidol Universityin the same women: i) pregnant with acute uncomplicated malaria on day 1 and 2, ii) pregnant with convalescent malaria on day 7 and iii) in a healthy state 3 months post-partum on day 1, 2 and 7. Methods Non-linear mixed-effects modelling was used to compare... and 15 volunteered to be restudied 3 months post-partum. Malaria and pregnancy had no effect on the pharmacokinetic properties of artesunate or dihydroartemisinin after intravenous artesunate administration. However, malaria and pregnancy had oppositePublication Metadata only Population pharmacokinetics of dihydroartemisinin and piperaquine in pregnant and nonpregnant women with uncomplicated malaria(2012-04-01) Joel Tarning; Marcus J. Rijken; Rose McGready; Aung Pyae Phyo; Warunee Hanpithakpong; Nicholas P J Day; Nicholas J. White; François Nosten; Niklas Lindegardh; Mahidol University; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine; Shoklo Malaria Research Unittreated with a standard fixed oral 3-day treatment, and venous plasma concentrations of both drugs were measured frequently for pharmacokinetic evaluation. Population pharmacokinetics were evaluated with nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. The main... of this study was to evaluate the population pharmacokinetic properties of piperaquine and dihydroartemisinin in pregnant and nonpregnant women with uncomplicated malaria. Twenty-four pregnant and 24 matched nonpregnant women on the Thai-Myanmar boarder werePublication Metadata only Population pharmacokinetic assessment of the effect of food on piperaquine bioavailability in patients with uncomplicated malaria(2014-01-01) Joel Tarning; Niklas Lindegardh; Khin Maung Lwin; Anna Annerberg; Lily Kiricharoen; Elizabeth Ashley; Nicholas J. White; François Nosten; Nicholas P.J. Day; Mahidol University; Nuffield Department of Clinical MedicinePlasmodium falciparum malaria in Thailand. Nonlinear mixed-effects modeling was used to characterize the pharmacokinetics of piperaquine and the influence of concomitant food intake. A modified Monte Carlo mapped power approach was applied to evaluate... in the final model. The novel power approach concluded that the study was adequately powered to detect a food effect of at least 35%. This modified Monte Carlo mapped power approach may be a useful tool for evaluating the power to detect true covariate effectsPublication Metadata only Statistical power calculations for mixed pharmacokinetic study designs using a population approach(2014-01-01) Frank Kloprogge; Julie A. Simpson; Nicholas P.J. Day; Nicholas J. White; Joel Tarning; Mahidol University; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Melbourne) a model not including the covariate effect in NONMEM 7.2. Power calculations were performed for varying numbers of patients with sampling designs A and B. Study designs with statistical power >80% were selected and further evaluated for cost...-effectiveness. The simulation studies of the hypothetical drug and the anti-malarial drug dihydroartemisinin demonstrated that the simulation-based power calculation methodology, based on the Monte Carlo Mapped Power method, can be utilised to evaluatePublication Metadata only Short report: Electrocardiographic safety evaluation of dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria(2007-09-01) Oliver T. Mytton; Elizabeth A. Ashley; Leon Peto; Ric N. Price; Yar La; Rae Hae; Pratap Singhasivanon; Nicholas J. White; François Nosten; Shoklo Malaria Research Unit; Mahidol University; Churchill Hospital; Menzies School of Health Research; Epicentre, respectively. These small changes on the third day of treatment are similar to those observed elsewhere in the convalescent phase following antimalarial treatment with drugs known to have no cardiac effects and are therefore likely to result from recovery from... acute malaria and not the treatment given. At therapeutic doses, DP does not have clinically significant effects on the electrocardiogram. Copyright © 2007 by The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene.Publication Metadata only The disposition and effects of two doses of dichloroacetate in adults with severe falciparum malaria(1996-01-01) Sanjeev Krishna; Wichai Supanaranond; Sasithon Pukrittayakamee; Feiko Ter Kuile; Manjit Ruprah; Nicholas J. White; Mahidol University; John Radcliffe Hospital; St George's University of London; University of Amsterdam; Poisons Unit1. Dichloroacetate (DCA) is a promising treatment for lactic acidosis complicating severe malaria. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity of dichloroacetate were evaluated in 11 patients with severe malaria, and their lactate responses... reduces hyperlactataemia in patients severely ill with malaria, and that DCA should be evaluated further as an adjunct to conventional antimalarial and supportive measures for such patients with lactic acidosis.Publication Metadata only The role of mathematical modelling in guiding the science and economics of malaria elimination(2010-12-01) Richard J. Maude; Yoel Lubell; Duong Socheat; Shunmay Yeung; Sompob Saralamba; Wirichada Pongtavornpinyo; Ben S. Cooper; Arjen M. Dondorp; Nicholas J. White; Lisa J. White; Mahidol University; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine; Heartlands Hospital; National Malaria Center; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicinethat methods are developed to use the limited data available to design site-specific, cost-effective elimination programmes. Mathematical modelling is a way of including mechanistic understanding to use available data to make predictions. Different strategies... can be evaluated much more rapidly than is possible through trial and error in the field. Mathematical modelling has great potential as a tool to guide and inform current elimination efforts. Economic modelling weighs costs against characterisedPublication Metadata only The arrhythmogenic cardiotoxicity of the quinoline and structurally related antimalarial drugs: A systematic review(2018-11-07) Ilsa L. Haeusler; Xin Hui S. Chan; Philippe J. Guérin; Nicholas J. White; NHS Foundation Trust; Mahidol University; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine; WorldWide Antimalarial Resistance Network (WWARN)© 2018 The Author(s). Background: Several quinoline and structurally related antimalarial drugs are associated with cardiovascular side effects, particularly hypotension and electrocardiographic QT interval prolongation. A prolonged QT interval is a... rapidly highlights the need to review their cardiovascular safety profiles. Methods: The primary objective of this systematic review was to describe the documented clinical and electrocardiographic cardiovascular side effects of quinine, mefloquinePublication Metadata only Motivations and perceptions of community advisory boards in the ethics of medical research: The case of the Thai-Myanmar border(2014-02-17) Khin Maung Lwin; Phaik Yeong Cheah; Phaik Kin Cheah; Nicholas J. White; Nicholas P.J. Day; Francois Nosten; Michael Parker; Shoklo Malaria Research Unit; Mahidol University; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine; University of Oxford; Global Health Bioethics Network; Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman; and, the provision of better health care. Despite these diverse and potentially competing claims made for the importance of community engagement, there is very little published evidence on effective models of engagement or their evaluation. Methods. In this paper... or of approaches adopted. Justifications given for its use also vary. Community engagement is, for example, variously seen to be of value in: the development of more effective and appropriate consent processes; improved understanding of the aims and formsPublication Metadata only A case-control auditory evaluation of patients treated with artemether-lumefantrine(2006-02-01) Robert Hutagalung; Hsar Htoo; Paw Nwee; Jaruwan Arunkamomkiri; Julien Zwang; Verena I. Carrara; Elizabeth Ashley; Pratap Singhasivanon; Nicholas J. White; François Nosten; Shoklo Malaria Research Unit; Churchill Hospital; Mahidol UniversityArtemether-lumefantrine is the first registered, fixed, artemisinin-based combination treatment. Artemisinin derivatives are highly effective antimalarials with a favorable safety profile. Concerns remain over their potential neurotoxicity, although