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Publication Open Access Long‑term impact of childhood malaria infection on school performance among school children in a malaria endemic area along the Thai–Myanmar border(2015) Nutchavadee Vorasan; Wirichada Pan‑Ngum; Podjanee Jittamala; Wanchai Maneeboonyang; Prasert Rukmanee; Saranath Lawpoolsri; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical HygieneBackground: Children represent a high-risk group for malaria worldwide. Among people in Thailand who have malaria during childhood, some may have multiple malaria attacks during their lifetime. Malaria may affect neurological cognition in children..., Thailand. History of childhood malaria infection was obtained from the medical records of the sole malaria clinic in the area. School performance was assessed by using scores for the subjects Thai Language and Mathematics in 2014. Other variablesPublication Open Access Development of temporal modelling for forecasting and prediction of malaria infections using time-series and ARIMAX analyses: a case study in endemic districts of Bhutan(2010-09-03) Wangdi, Kinley; Pratap Singhasivanon; ประตาป สิงหศิวานนท์; Tassanee Silawan; Saranath Lawpoolsri; สารนาถ ล้อพูลศรี; White, Nicholas J.; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Unit; Mahidol University. Faculty of Public Health. Rural Health Training and Research CentreBACKGROUND: Malaria still remains a public health problem in some districts of Bhutan despite marked reduction of cases in last few years. To strengthen the country's prevention and control measures, this study was carried out to develop... forecasting and prediction models of malaria incidence in the endemic districts of Bhutan using time series and ARIMAX. METHODS: This study was carried out retrospectively using the monthly reported malaria cases from the health centres to Vector-bornePublication Open Access Spatio-temporal patterns of malaria infection in Bhutan: a country embarking on malaria elimination(2011-04-16) Wangdi, Kinley; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Pratap Singhasivanon; ประตาป สิงหศิวานนท์; Tassanee Silawan; Saranath Lawpoolsri; สารนาถ ล้อพูลศรี; White, Nicholas J.; Wangdi, Kinley; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene.BACKGROUND: At the verge of elimination of malaria in Bhutan, this study was carried out to analyse the trend of malaria in the endemic districts of Bhutan and to identify malaria clusters at the sub-districts. The findings would aid in implementing the control activities. Poisson regression was performed to study the trend of malaria incidences at district level from 1994 to 2008. Spatial Empirical Bayesian smoothing was deployed to identify clusters of malaria at the sub-district level from 2004 to 2008. RESULTS: Trend of the overall districts and most of the endemic districts have decreased except Pemagatshel, which has an increase in the trend. Spatial cluster-outlier analysis showed that malaria clusters were mostly concentrated in the central and eastern Bhutan in three districts of Dagana, Samdrup Jongkhar and Sarpang. The disease clusters were reported throughout the year. Clusters extended to the non-transmission areas in the eastern Bhutan. CONCLUSIONS: There is significant decrease in the trend of malaria with the elimination at the sight. The decrease in the trend can be attributed to the success of the control and preventive measures. In order to realize the target of elimination of malaria, the control measure needs to be prioritized in these high-risk clusters of malaria.Publication Open Access Customized-language voice survey on mobile devices for text and image data collection among ethnic groups in Thailand: a proof-of-concept study.(2014-03-06) Kasemsak Jandee; เกษมศักดิ์ จันดี; Saranath Lawpoolsri; สารนาถ ล้อพูลศรี; Pimsurang Taechaboonsermsak; พิมพ์สุรางค์ เตชะบุญเสริมศักดิ์; Amnat Khamsiriwatchara; Peerawat Wansatid; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Center of Excellence for Biomedical and Public Health Informatics (BIOPHICS); Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Public Health. Department of Family Health.BACKGROUND: Public health surveys are often conducted using paper-based questionnaires. However, many problems are associated with this method, especially when collecting data among ethnic groups who speak a different language from the survey... it with standard paper-based questionnaire surveys using the research setting of assessing Knowledge Attitude and Practice (KAP) toward the Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) among 6 ethnic groups in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand. The two data collectionPublication Open Access Directly-observed therapy (DOT) for the radical 14-day primaquine treatment of Plasmodium vivax malaria on the Thai-Myanmar border(2010-11-01) Takeuchi, Rie; Saranath Lawpoolsri; สารนาถ ล้อพูลศรี; Mallika Imwong; มัลลิกา อิ่มวงศ์; Kobayashi, Jun; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Sasithon Pukrittayakamee; ศศิธร ผู้กฤตยาคามี; Supalap Puangsa-art; ศุภลาภ พวงสอาด; Nipon Thanyavanich; นิพนธ์ ธัญญวานิช; Wanchai Maneeboonyang; วรรณไชย มณีบุญยัง; Day, Nicholas P.J.; Pratap Singhasivanon; ประตาป สิงหศิวานนท์; Pratap Singhasivanon; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Clinical Tropical Medicine; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU); Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene.BACKGROUND: Plasmodium vivax has a dormant hepatic stage, called the hypnozoite, which can cause relapse months after the initial attack. For 50 years, primaquine has been used as a hypnozoitocide to radically cure P. vivax infection, but major concerns remain regarding the side-effects of the drug and adherence to the 14-day regimen. This study examined the effectiveness of using the directly-observed therapy (DOT) method for the radical treatment of P. vivax malaria infection, to prevent reappearance of the parasite within the 90-day follow-up period. Other potential risk factors for the reappearance of P. vivax were also explored. METHODS: A randomized trial was conducted from May 2007 to January 2009 in a low malaria transmission area along the Thai-Myanmar border. Patients aged ≥ 3 years diagnosed with P. vivax by microscopy, were recruited. All patients were treated with the national standard regimen of chloroquine for three days followed by primaquine for 14 days. Patients were randomized to receive DOT or self-administered therapy (SAT). All patients were followed for three months to check for any reappearance of P. vivax. RESULTS: Of the 216 patients enrolled, 109 were randomized to DOT and 107 to SAT. All patients recovered without serious adverse effects. The vivax reappearance rate was significantly lower in the DOT group than the SAT group (3.4/10,000 person-days vs. 13.5/10,000 person-days, p = 0.021). Factors related to the reappearance of vivax malaria included inadequate total primaquine dosage received (< 2.75 mg/kg), duration of fever ≤ 2 days before initiation of treatment, parasite count on admission ≥ 10,000/µl, multiple P. vivax-genotype infection, and presence of P. falciparum infection during the follow-up period. CONCLUSIONS: Adherence to the 14-day primaquine regimen is important for the radical cure of P. vivax malaria infection. Implementation of DOT reduces the reappearance rate of the parasite, and may subsequently decrease P. vivax transmission in the area.Publication Open Access Artemisinin resistance containment project in Thailand. (I): Implementation of electronic-based malaria information system for early case detection and individual case management in provinces along the Thai-Cambodian border(2012-07-29) Amnat Khamsiriwatchara; Prayuth Sudathip; Surasak Sawang; Saowanit Vijakadge; Thanapon Potithavoranan; Aumnuyphan Sangvichean; Wichai Satimai; Delacollette, Charles; Pratap Singhasivanon; ประตาป สิงหศิวานนท์; Saranath Lawpoolsri; สารนาถ ล้อพูลศรี; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Center of Excellence for Biomedical and Public Health Informatics.BACKGROUND: The Bureau of Vector-borne Diseases, Ministry of Public Health, Thailand, has implemented an electronic Malaria Information System (eMIS) as part of a strategy to contain artemisinin resistance. The attempt corresponds to the WHO... initiative, funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, to contain anti-malarial drug resistance in Southeast Asia. The main objective of this study was to demonstrate the eMIS' functionality and outputs after implementation for use in the ThailandPublication Open Access Artemisinin resistance containment project in Thailand. II: Responses to mefloquine-artesunate combination therapy among falciparum malaria patients in provinces bordering Cambodia(2012-08-28) Wichai Satimai; Prayuth Sudathip; Saowanit Vijaykadga; Amnat Khamsiriwatchara; อำนาจ คำศิริวัชรา; Surasak Sawang; Thanapon Potithavoranan; Aumnuyphan Sangvichean; Delacollette, Charles; Pratap Singhasivanon; ประตาป สิงหศิวานนท์; Jaranit Kaewkungwal; จรณิต แก้วกังวาล; Saranath Lawpoolsri; สารนาถ ล้อพูลศรี; Saranath Lawpoolsri; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical Hygiene; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Center of Excellence for Biomedical and Public Health Informatics (BIOPHICS)the malaria surveillance programmed under the containment project. METHODS: The study was conducted in seven provinces of Thailand along the Thai-Cambodian border. Data of Plasmodium falciparum-positive patients during January 2009 to December 2011 were