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Publication Open Access Migrant workers and social protection in ASEAN: moving towards a regional standard?(2012-07) Hall, Andy; Mahidol University. Institute for Population and Social Researchof the economy that are not fully covered by labor laws, let alone social protection measures. In addition, nascent social protection systems in these countries provide little coverage in case of loss of worker income, and standards are generally poorly enforced.... In this context, migrant social protection in ASEAN has rarely been explored. This paper considers global standards and themes regarding migrant social protection before outlining case studies of Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand. The paper shows howPublication Open Access Cross-protective capacity of Japanese Encephalitis (JE) vaccines against circulating Heterologous JE Virus genotypes(2013-01) Erra, Elina O.; Askling, Helena Hervius; Sutee Yoksan; Rombo, Lars; Riutta, Jukka; Vene, Sirkka; Lindquist, Lars; Vapalahti, Olli; Anu Kantele; Mahidol University. Institute of Molecular BiosciencesCurrent Japanese encephalitis vaccines are derived from strains of genotype III, yet heterologous genotypes are emerging in endemic areas. Inactivated vaccines given to European travelers were found to elicit protective levels of neutralizingPublication Open Access Occlusal scheme in a group of Thais.(2011-09) Nattaya Asawaworarit; ณัฏยา อัศววรฤทธิ์; Somsak Mitrirattanakul; สมศักดิ์ ไมตรีรัตนะกุล; Nattaya Asawaworarit; ณัฏยา อัศววรฤทธิ์; Mahidol University. Faculty of Dentistry. Department of Masticatory SciencePURPOSE. To study the distribution of various occlusal schemes as well as associated static occlusal relationship among Thais. MATERIALS AND METHODS. The subjects’occlusal schemes on the left and right sides were classified as canine protected.... For the remaining, 17.3% possess canine protected occlusion and 12.5% possess combination of both occlusal schemes. We also found that occlusal interference was presented in 20.2% of the population. The most common was protrusive interference (57.14%), the secondPublication Open Access Assessing governability of environmental protected areas in Phetchaburi and Prachuap Kirikhan, Thailand(2015) Suvaluck Satumanatpan; Ratana Chuenpagdee; Mahidol University. Faculty of Environment and Resource StudiesEnvironmental degradation continues in Thailand, despite the establishment of several environmental protected areas (EPAs) since their inception in 1992. EPAs aim to promote the conservation and sustainability of natural resources throughPublication Open Access Predictors of malaria-association with rubber plantations in Thailand(2012) Pratana Satitvipawee; Warunnee Wongkhang; Sarika Pattanasin; Penprapai Hoithong; Adisak Bhumiratana; Mahidol University. Faculty of Public Health. Center for EcoHealth Disease Modeling and Intervention Development Research; Mahidol University. Faculty of Public Health. Department of Parasitology and Entomologythe conclusion that GFM program implementation in Thailand or elsewhere for malaria-associated with rubber plantations would benefit from the potential use of ITNs/LLINs and changes in personal protection behaviors.Publication Open Access Plaque reduction neutralization antibody test does not accurately predict protection against dengue infection in Ratchaburi cohort, Thailand(2014) Chukiat Sirivichayakul; Arunee Sabchareon; Kriengsak Limkittikul; Sutee Yoksan; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Department of Tropical PediatricsBackground: The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is currently the best and most widely accepted approach to measuring virus-neutralizing and protective antibodies to dengue virus, and in assessing the immunogenicity of a dengue vaccine.... However, the correlation between presence of dengue-neutralizing antibody and protection from infection is not absolute. Findings: In a cohort study in Ratchaburi Province, Thailand, 48 subjects with serologically confirmed symptomatic dengue infectionPublication Open Access Nitric Oxide Protects against Infection-Induced Neuroinflammation by Preserving the Stability of the Blood-Brain Barrier(2016-02) Gabriela C. Olivera; Xiaoyuan Ren; Suman K. Vodnala; Jun Lu; Lucia Coppo; Chaniya Leepiyasakulchai; Arne Holmgren; Krister Kristensson; Martin E. Rottenberg; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medical Technology. Department of Clinical Microbiology and Applied TechnologyNitric oxide (NO) generated by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is critical for defense against intracellular pathogens but may mediate inflammatory tissue damage. To elucidate the role of iNOS in neuroinflammation, infections with encephalitogenic Trypanosoma brucei parasites were compared in inos-/- and wild-type mice. Inos-/- mice showed enhanced brain invasion by parasites and T cells, and elevated protein permeability of cerebral vessels, but similar parasitemia levels. Trypanosome infection stimulated T cell- and TNF-mediated iNOS expression in perivascular macrophages. NO nitrosylated and inactivated pro-inflammatory molecules such as NF-κΒp65, and reduced TNF expression and signalling. iNOS-derived NO hampered both TNF- and T cell-mediated parasite brain invasion. In inos-/- mice, TNF stimulated MMP, including MMP9 activity that increased cerebral vessel permeability. Thus, iNOS-generated NO by perivascular macrophages, strategically located at sites of leukocyte brain penetration, can serve as a negative feed-back regulator that prevents unlimited influx of inflammatory cells by restoring the integrity of the blood-brain barrier.Publication Open Access ปัจจัยที่สัมพันธ์กับการปฏิบัติตามพระราชบัญญัติคุ้มครองสุขภาพของผู้ไม่สูบบุหรี่ พ.ศ. 2535 ของผู้ประกอบการร้านบริการอินเตอร์เน็ตและเกมส์ กรุงเทพมหานคร(2556) อลงกรณ์ เปกาลี; ลักขณา เติมศิริกุลชัย; ภรณี วัฒนสมบูรณ์; ธราดล เก่งการพานิช; Lakkhana Termsirikulchai; Paranee Vatanasomboon; Tharadol Kengganpanich; ลักขณา เติมศิริกุลชัย; มหาวิทยาลัยมหิดล. คณะสาธารณสุขศาสตร์. ภาควิชาสุขศึกษาและพฤติกรรมศาสตร์กฏหมายให้มากยิ่งขึ้น Providing smoke-free areas in public places is a signifi cant health protection measure due to the risks of exposure to second-hand smoke. Internet cafés are one of the public places in which smoke-free areas have been... enforced. This cross-sectional survey research aimed to examine the internet café proprietors’ compliance with the Non-Smokers’ Health Protection Act of 1992 (NSHPA) and factors associated with this compliance. A total of 236 internet café proprietorsPublication Open Access Ex-vivo cytoadherence phenotypes of Plasmodium falciparum strains from Malian children with hemoglobins A,S, and C.(2014-03-19) Beaudry, Jeanette T.; Krause, Michael A.; Diakite, Seidina A. S.; Fay, Michael P.; Joshi, Gyan; Diakite, Mahamadou; White, Nicholas J.; Fairhurst, Rick M.; Fairhurst, Rick M.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Diseases Research Unit.Sickle hemoglobin (Hb) S and HbC may protect against malaria by reducing the expression of Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) on the surface of parasitized red blood cells (RBCs), thereby weakening their cytoadherence... to microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs) and impairing their activation of MVECs to produce pathological responses. Therefore, we hypothesized that parasites causing malaria in HbAS or HbAC heterozygotes have overcome this protective mechanism by expressing PfPublication Open Access The effect of insecticide-treated bed nets on the incidence and prevalence of malaria in children in an area of unstable seasonal transmission in western Myanmar(2013-10-11) Smithuis, Frank M.; Kyaw, Moe Kyaw; Phe, U Ohn; van der Broek, Ingrid; Katterman, Nina; Rogers, Colin; Almeida, Patrick; Kager, Piet A.; Stepniewska, Kasia; Lubell, Yoel; Simpson, Julie A.; White, Nicholas J.; White, Nicholas J.; Mahidol University. Faculty of Tropical Medicine. Mahidol-Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU)BACKGROUND: Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITN) reduce malaria morbidity and mortality consistently in Africa, but their benefits have been less consistent in Asia. This study's objective was to evaluate the malaria protective efficacy of village... at risk (95% Confidence Interval -7 to 1.8). In areas with a higher incidence of malaria there was some evidence ITN protective efficacy. The economic analysis indicated that, despite the uncertainty and variability in their protective efficacy