Browsing by Author "Akkhawattanangkul Y."

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    A Novel Connector for Intraoperative Nerve Monitoring Probes in Endoscopic Thyroidectomy: Comparative Efficacy and Preclinical Evaluation in a Porcine Model
    (2026-01-01) Chairat P.; Pithuksurachai P.; Chongkolwatana C.; Wechakarn P.; Akkhawattanangkul Y.; Hommuang K.; Charoonrut P.; Jamikorn T.; Anuwong A.; Wu C.W.; Randolph G.W.; Russell M.D.; Abdelhamid Ahmed A.H.; Maneeprasopchoke P.; Chairat P.; Mahidol University
    Background: This study aimed to develop a connector that adapts standard endoscopic instruments into functional nerve stimulator probes. Methods: The connector underwent engineering validation in a laboratory and preclinical testing using a porcine model. A handheld standard stimulator probe served as the control. The experimental group consisted of a long monopolar probe and two connector-adapted probes. Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) and vagus nerves were stimulated to compare the efficacy and safety of the adapted probes with the standard probe. Results: The connector, when coupled to endoscopic instruments, did not show a statistically significant difference in electromyographic (EMG) amplitude at 1 mA stimulation compared with the standard probe. Safety analysis showed no significant hemodynamic effects. Conclusion: This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that the developed connector, when paired with endoscopic instruments, enables reliable nerve identification and preservation during endoscopic thyroid surgery, with favorable efficacy and safety profiles.
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    Immunogenicity and efficacy of recombinant subunit SARS-CoV-2 vaccine candidate in the Syrian hamster model
    (2023-03-01) Shanmugaraj B.; Khorattanakulchai N.; Paungpin W.; Akkhawattanangkul Y.; Manopwisedjaroen S.; Thitithanyanont A.; Phoolcharoen W.; Mahidol University
    SARS-CoV-2 causes devastating impact on the human population and has become a major public health concern. The frequent emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern urges the development of safe and efficacious vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 variants. We developed a candidate vaccine Baiya SARS-CoV-2 Vax 1, based on SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) by fusing with the Fc region of human IgG. The RBD-Fc fusion was produced in Nicotiana benthamiana. Previously, we reported that this plant-produced vaccine is effective in inducing immune response in both mice and non-human primates. Here, the efficacy of our vaccine candidate was tested in Syrian hamster challenge model. Hamsters immunized with two intramuscular doses of Baiya SARS-CoV-2 Vax 1 induced neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 and protected from SARS-CoV-2 challenge with reduced viral load in the lungs. These preliminary results demonstrate the ability of plant-produced subunit vaccine Baiya SARS-CoV-2 Vax 1 to provide protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters.
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    Pharmacological Activities of Fingerroot Extract and Its Phytoconstituents Against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Golden Syrian Hamsters
    (2023-01-01) Kongratanapasert T.; Kongsomros S.; Arya N.; Sutummaporn K.; Wiriyarat W.; Akkhawattanangkul Y.; Boonyarattanasoonthorn T.; Asavapanumas N.; Kanjanasirirat P.; Suksatu A.; Sa-Ngiamsuntorn K.; Borwornpinyo S.; Vivithanaporn P.; Chutipongtanate S.; Hongeng S.; Ongphiphadhanakul B.; Thitithanyanont A.; Khemawoot P.; Sritara P.; Mahidol University
    Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 has led to the suffering of people around the world, with an inaccessibility of specific and effective medication. Fingerroot extract, which showed in vitro anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity, could alleviate the deficiency of antivirals and reduce the burden of health systems. Aim of Study: In this study, we conducted an experiment in SARS-CoV-2-infected hamsters to determine the efficacy of fingerroot extract in vivo. Materials and Methods: The infected hamsters were orally administered with vehicle control, fingerroot extract 300 or 1000 mg/kg, or favipiravir 1000 mg/kg at 48 h post-infection for 7 consecutive days. The hamsters (n = 12 each group) were sacrificed at day 2, 4 and 8 post-infection to collect the plasma and lung tissues for analyses of viral output, lung histology and lung concentration of panduratin A. Results: All animals in treatment groups reported no death, while one hamster in the control group died on day 3 post-infection. All treatments significantly reduced lung pathophysiology and inflammatory mediators, PGE2 and IL-6, compared to the control group. High levels of panduratin A were found in both the plasma and lung of infected animals. Conclusion: Fingerroot extract was shown to be a potential of reducing lung inflammation and cytokines in hamsters. Further studies of the full pharmacokinetics and toxicity are required before entering into clinical development.
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    Safety and immunogenicity of inactivated Zika virus vaccine by gamma irradiation
    (2025-10-01) Sintara P.; Suphaprueksapong P.; Jetawattana S.; Wiriyarat W.; Akkhawattanangkul Y.; Charngkaew K.; Chomanee N.; Saelee J.; Wongsa A.; Priengprom T.; Tassaneetrithep B.; Sintara P.; Mahidol University
    Developing the Zika virus (ZIKV) vaccine remains a critical global public health need. This study assessed the safety and immunogenicity of gamma-irradiated Thai ZIKV isolate. Inactivation was confirmed by serial passaging and detection of viral replication using RT-PCR, which demonstrated complete loss of infectivity in ZIKV irradiated with 25 and 50 kGy. Western blotting confirmed that irradiation preserved viral envelope protein antigenicity. BALB/c mice were subcutaneously immunized twice with 25 kGy-irradiated ZIKV, either alone or with alum adjuvant, at two-week intervals. No mortality or local reactions were observed in any group of mice. Antigen-specific IgG and neutralizing antibody titers were measured by ELISA and focus reduction neutralization test, respectively. T cell responses were assessed via intracellular IFN-γ and TNF-α staining by flow cytometry. The irradiated vaccine induced ZIKV-specific antibody and cytokine-producing T cell responses; however, neutralizing antibody titers were low. Mice immunized with irradiated ZIKV combined with alum adjuvant had higher ZIKV-specific antibody titers and T cells producing IFN-γ or TNF-α than those without adjuvant, though differences were not statistically significant. Although the viral integrity and antigenicity remained unchanged, these findings demonstrate that gamma-irradiated ZIKV is non-infectious and immunogenic in mice, supporting its safety profile and the potential for further optimization in future dose-ranging and efficacy studies.