Browsing by Author "Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health"

Filter results by typing the first few letters
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
  • No Thumbnail Available
    PublicationMetadata only
    Fetal cranial growth trajectories are associated with growth and neurodevelopment at 2 years of age: INTERBIO-21st Fetal Study
    (2021-04-01) José Villar; Robert B. Gunier; Chrystelle O.O. Tshivuila-Matala; Stephen A. Rauch; Francois Nosten; Roseline Ochieng; María C. Restrepo-Méndez; Rose McGready; Fernando C. Barros; Michelle Fernandes; Verena I. Carrara; Cesar G. Victora; Shama Munim; Rachel Craik; Hellen C. Barsosio; Maria Carvalho; James A. Berkley; Leila Cheikh Ismail; Shane A. Norris; Eric O. Ohuma; Alan Stein; Ann Lambert; Adele Winsey; Ricardo Uauy; Brenda Eskenazi; Zulfiqar A. Bhutta; Aris T. Papageorghiou; Stephen H. Kennedy; Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University; Center for Environmental Research and Children's Health; University of Sharjah; Wellcome Trust Research Laboratories Nairobi; Aga Khan Hospital Nairobi; The Aga Khan University; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine; Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto; Green Templeton College; University of Oxford; University of Southampton, Faculty of Medicine; Universidade Catolica de Pelotas; The World Bank Group; University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg; Universidade Federal de Pelotas; Wits School of Public Health; Nuffield Department of Medicine; University of Oxford Medical Sciences Division
    Many observational studies and some randomized trials demonstrate how fetal growth can be influenced by environmental insults (for example, maternal infections)1 and preventive interventions (for example, multiple-micronutrient supplementation)2 that can have a long-lasting effect on health, growth, neurodevelopment and even educational attainment and income in adulthood3. In a cohort of pregnant women (n = 3,598), followed-up between 2012 and 2019 at six sites worldwide4, we studied the associations between ultrasound-derived fetal cranial growth trajectories, measured longitudinally from <14 weeks’ gestation, against international standards5,6, and growth and neurodevelopment up to 2 years of age7,8. We identified five trajectories associated with specific neurodevelopmental, behavioral, visual and growth outcomes, independent of fetal abdominal growth, postnatal morbidity and anthropometric measures at birth and age 2. The trajectories, which changed within a 20–25-week gestational age window, were associated with brain development at 2 years of age according to a mirror (positive/negative) pattern, mostly focused on maturation of cognitive, language and visual skills. Further research should explore the potential for preventive interventions in pregnancy to improve infant neurodevelopmental outcomes before the critical window of opportunity that precedes the divergence of growth at 20–25 weeks’ gestation.