Browsing by Author "Nijmegen Interdenominational Hospital Canisius-Wilhelmina"

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    Candida guilliermondii, an opportunistic fungal pathogen with decreased susceptibility to fluconazole: Geographic and temporal trends from the ARTEMIS DISK antifungal surveillance program
    (2006-10-01) M. A. Pfaller; D. J. Diekema; M. Mendez; C. Kibbler; P. Erzsebet; S. C. Chang; D. L. Gibbs; V. A. Newell; Jorge Finquelievich; Nora Tiraboschi; David Ellis; Dominique Frameree; Annemarie van den Abeele; Jean Marc Senterre; Arnaldo Colombo; Robert Rennie; Steve Sanche; Bijie Hu; Yingchun Xu; Yingyuan Zhang; Nan Shan Zhong; Pilar Rivas; Angela Restrepo; Catalina Bedout; Ricardo Vega; Matilde Mendez; Nada Mallatova; Stanislava Dobiasova; Julio Ayabaca; Jeannete Zurita; M. Mallie; E. Candolfi; W. Fegeler; A. Haase; G. Rodloff; W. Bar; V. Czaika; George Petrikos; Erzsébet Puskás; Ilona Doczi; Mestyan Gyula; Radka Nikolova; Uma Banerjee; Nathan Keller; Vivian Tullio; Gian Carlo Schito; Giacomo Fortina; Gian Piero Testore; Domenico D'Antonio; Giorgio Scalise; Pietro Martino; Graziana Manno; Kee Peng; Celia Alpuche; Jose Santos; Eduardo Rodriguez Noriega; Mussaret Zaidi; Jacques F.G.M. Meis; Egil Lingaas; Danuta Dzierzanowska; Waclaw Pawliszyn; Mariada Luz Martins; Luis Albuquerque; Laura Rosado; Rosa Velho; Jose Amorim; Vera N. Ilina; Olga I. Kretchikova; Galina A. Klyasova; Sophia M. Rozanova; Irina G. Multykh; Nikolay N. Klimko; Elena D. Agapova; Natalya V. Dmitrieva; Abdul Mohsen Al-Rasheed; Jan Trupl; Leon Langsadl; Alena Vaculikova; Hupkova Helena; Denise Roditi; Anwar Hoosen; H. H. Crewe-Brown; M. N. Janse van Rensburg; Adriano Duse; Kyungwon Lee; Mi Na Kim; A. del Palacio; Aurora Sanchez-Sousa; Jacques Bille; K. Muhlethaler; Jen Hsien Wang; Malai Vorachit; Deniz Gur; Volkan Korten; John Paul; Brian Jones; F. Kate Gould; Chris Kibbler; Nigel Weightman; Ian M. Gould; University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine; Hospital Militar Central, Bogota; UCL; ANTSZ BAZ Megyei Intezete; National Taiwan University Hospital; Giles Scientific, Inc.; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Hospital Escuela Gral.; Women's and Children's Hospital Adelaide; CHU de Jumet; St. Lucas Campus Heilige Familie; Centre Hospitalier Regional de La Citadelle; Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; University of Alberta Hospital; Royal University Hospital; Zhongshan Hospital Shanghai; Peking Union Medical College; Huashan Hospital; Guangzhou Institute of Repiratory Disease; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; CIB; Hospital Ceske Budejovice; Hospital FF. AA HG1; Hospital Vozandes; Institut de Parasitologie; Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster; Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen; Inst. F. Med. Mikrobiologie; Carl-Thiem-Klinikum; Humaine Kliniken; Laikon General Hospital; BAZ County Institute; Szegedi Tudomanyegyetem (SZTE); Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem; Szent Laszlo Hospital; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel; Universita degli Studi di Torino; Universita degli Studi di Genova; Ospedale di Novara; Universita degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata; Ospedale Civile di Pescara; Instituto di Malattie Infettive; University of Malaya; Hospital General de Mexico; Universidad de Guadalajara; Hospital General O'Horan; Nijmegen Interdenominational Hospital Canisius-Wilhelmina; Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet HF; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka; Pracownia Bakteriologii; Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical; Centro Hospitalar e Universitario de Coimbra; National Research Center for Hematology; Hospital Geral de Santo Antonio; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy; City Clinical Hospital No.; Territory Center of Lab Diagnostics; Medical Mycology Research Institute; Irkutsk Regional Childrens Hospital; Oncology Research Center; Riyadh Military Hospital; National Cancer Center; NUTaRCH; Derer's University Hospital Slovakia; St. Cyril and Method's Hospital; Groote Schuur Hospital; Ga-Rankuwa Hospital; Baragwanath Hospital; University of the Free State; Johannesburg Hospital; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Hospital 12 De Octobre; Hospital Ramon y Cajal; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois; Universitat Bern; China Medical University Hospital Taichung; Mahidol University; Hacettepe Children's Hospital; Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi; Royal Sussex County Hospital; Glasgow Royal Infirmary; Freeman Hospital; Friarage Hospital; Aberdeen Royal Infirmary; Leeds General Infirmary; Cardiff University; Wayne State University; The Mount Sinai Medical Center; Weill Cornell Medical Center; Stanford University Medical Center; University Hospitals Case Medical Center; University of Texas System; University of Virginia; Christiana Care; Gen del Este Dr. Domingo Luciani; Universitario de Caracas
    Although a rare cause of invasive candidiasis, Candida guilliermondii has been reported to exhibit decreased susceptibility to antifungal agents. Aside from case reports and small surveys, there is little information regarding the epidemiology and antifungal susceptibility profile of C. guilliermondii. We report geographic and temporal trends in the isolation and antifungal susceptibilities of 1,029 C. guilliermondii clinical isolates collected from 127 medical centers as part of the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program. In addition, we report the in vitro susceptibility of 132 bloodstream isolates of C. guilliermondii to caspofungin. C. guilliermondii represented 1.4% of the 75,761 isolates collected from 2001 to 2003 and was most common among isolates from Latin America (3.7% versus 0.6 to 1.1%). Decreased susceptibility to fluconazole was noted (75% susceptible; range, 68 to 77% across regions), and voriconazole was more active in vitro against C. guilliermondii than fluconazole (91% susceptible; range, 88 to 93% across regions). Fluconazole was least active against isolates from dermatology (58%) and surgical (69%) services and against isolates associated with skin and soft tissue infection (68%, compared to 85% susceptible for bloodstream isolates). There was no evidence of increasing azole resistance over time among C. guilliermondii isolates tested from 2001 to 2003. Of 132 bloodstream isolates of C. guilliermondii tested against caspofungin, most were inhibited by ≤2 μg/ml (96%; MIC50/MIC90, 0.5/1.0 μg/ml). C. guilliermondii, a species that exhibits reduced susceptibility to fluconazole, is the sixth most frequently isolated Candida species from this large survey and may be an emerging pathogen in Latin America. Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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    Candida rugosa, an emerging fungal pathogen with resistance to azoles: Geographic and temporal trends from the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program
    (2006-10-01) M. A. Pfaller; D. J. Diekema; A. L. Colombo; C. Kibbler; K. P. Ng; D. L. Gibbs; V. A. Newell; Jorge Finquelievich; Nora Tiraboschi; David Ellis; Dominique Frameree; Annemarie van den Abeele; Jean Marc Senterre; Arnaldo Colombo; Robert Rennie; Steve Sanche; Bijie Hu; Yingchun Xu; Yingyuan Zhang; Nan Shan Zhong; Pilar Rivas; Angela Restrepo; Catalina Bedout; Ricardo Vega; Matilde Mendez; Nada Mallatova; Stanislava Dobiasova; Julio Ayabaca; Jeannete Zurita; M. Mallie; E. Candolfi; W. Fegeler; A. Haase; G. Rodloff; W. Bar; V. Czaika; George Petrikos; Erzsébet Puskás; Ilona Doczi; Mestyan Gyula; Radka Nikolova; Uma Banerjee; Nathan Keller; Vivian Tullio; Gian Carlo Schito; Giacomo Fortina; Gian Piero Testore; Domenico D'Antonio; Giorgio Scalise; Pietro Martino; Graziana Manno; Kee Peng; Celia Alpuche; Jose Santos; Eduardo Rodriguez Noriega; Mussaret Zaidi; Jacques F.G.M. Meis; Egil Lingaas; Danuta Dzierzanowska; Waclaw Pawliszyn; Mariada Luz Martins; Luis Albuquerque; Laura Rosado; Rosa Velho; Jose Amorim; Vera N. Ilina; Olga I. Kretchikova; Galina A. Klyasova; Sophia M. Rozanova; Irina G. Multykh; Nikolay N. Klimko; Elena D. Agapova; Natalya V. Dmitrieva; Abdul Mohsen Al-Rasheed; Jan Trupl; Leon Langsadl; Alena Vaculikova; Hupkova Helena; Denise Roditi; Anwar Hoosen; H. H. Crewe-Brown; M. N. Janse van Rensburg; Adriano Duse; Kyungwon Lee; Mi Na Kim; A. del Palacio; Aurora Sanchez-Sousa; Jacques Bille; K. Muhlethaler; Shan Chwen Chang; Jen Hsien Wang; Malai Vorachit; Deniz Gur; Volkan Korten; John Paul; Brian Jones; F. Kate Gould; Chris Kibbler; Nigel Weightman; Ian M. Gould; University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine; Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; UCL; University of Malaya; Giles Scientific, Inc.; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Hospital Escuela Gral.; Women's and Children's Hospital Adelaide; CHU de Jumet; St. Lucas Campus Heilige Familie; Centre Hospitalier Regional de La Citadelle; University of Alberta Hospital; Royal University Hospital; Zhongshan Hospital Shanghai; Peking Union Medical College; Huashan Hospital; Guangzhou Institute of Repiratory Disease; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; CIB; Hospital Militar Central, Bogota; Hospital Ceske Budejovice; Hospital FF. AA HG1; Hospital Vozandes; Institut de Parasitologie; Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster; Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen; Inst. F. Med. Mikrobiologie; Carl-Thiem-Klinikum; Humaine Kliniken; Laikon General Hospital; BAZ County Institute; Szegedi Tudomanyegyetem (SZTE); Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem; Szent Laszlo Hospital; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel; Universita degli Studi di Torino; Universita degli Studi di Genova; Ospedale di Novara; Universita degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata; Ospedale Civile di Pescara; Instituto di Malattie Infettive; Hospital General de Mexico; Universidad de Guadalajara; Hospital General O'Horan; Nijmegen Interdenominational Hospital Canisius-Wilhelmina; Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet HF; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka; Pracownia Bakteriologii; Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical; Centro Hospitalar e Universitario de Coimbra; Instituto Nacional de Saude Dr. Ricardo Jorge; Hospital Geral de Santo Antonio; Novosibirsk Regional Hospital; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; National Research Center for Hematology; City Clinical Hospital No.; Territory Center of Laboratory Diagnostics; Medical Mycology Research Institute; Irkutsk Regional Childrens Hospital; Oncology Research Center; Riyadh Military Hospital; National Cancer Center; Derer's University Hospital Slovakia; St. Cyril and Method Hospital; Groote Schuur Hospital; Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University (SMU); Baragwanath Hospital; University of the Free State; Johannesburg Hospital; Yonsei University College of Medicine; Asan Medical Center; Hospital 12 De Octobre; Hospital Ramon y Cajal; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois; Universitat Bern; National Taiwan University Hospital; China Medical University Hospital Taichung; Mahidol University; Hacettepe Children's Hospital; Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi; Royal Sussex County Hospital; Glasgow Royal Infirmary; Freeman Hospital; Friarage Hospital; Aberdeen Royal Infirmary; Leeds General Infirmary; Cardiff University; Wayne State University; The Mount Sinai Medical Center; Weill Cornell Medical Center; Stanford University Medical Center; University Hospitals Case Medical Center; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; University of Virginia; Christiana Care
    Candida rugosa is a fungus that appears to be emerging as a cause of infection in some geographic regions. We utilized the extensive database of the ARTEMIS DISK Antifungal Surveillance Program to describe the geographic and temporal trends in the isolation of C. rugosa from clinical specimens and the in vitro susceptibilities of 452 isolates to fluconazole and voriconazole. C. rugosa accounted for 0.4% of 134,715 isolates of Candida, and the frequency of isolation increased from 0.03% to 0.4% over the 6.5-year study period (1997 to 2003). C. rugosa was most common in the Latin American region (2.7% versus 0.1 to 0.4%). Decreased susceptibility to fluconazole (40.5% susceptible) was observed in all geographic regions; however, isolates from Europe and North America were much more susceptible (97 to 100%) to voriconazole than those from other geographic regions (55.8 to 58.8%). C. rugosa was most often isolated from blood and urine in patients hospitalized at the Medical and Surgical inpatient services. Notably, bloodstream isolates were the least susceptible to both fluconazole and voriconazole. C. rugosa should be considered, along with the established pathogens Candida krusei and Candida glabrata, as a species of Candida with reduced susceptibility to the azole antifungal agents. Copyright © 2006, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
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    Global guideline for the diagnosis and management of mucormycosis: an initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology in cooperation with the Mycoses Study Group Education and Research Consortium
    (2019-12-01) Oliver A. Cornely; Ana Alastruey-Izquierdo; Dorothee Arenz; Sharon C.A. Chen; Eric Dannaoui; Bruno Hochhegger; Martin Hoenigl; Henrik E. Jensen; Katrien Lagrou; Russell E. Lewis; Sibylle C. Mellinghoff; Mervyn Mer; Zoi D. Pana; Danila Seidel; Donald C. Sheppard; Roger Wahba; Murat Akova; Alexandre Alanio; Abdullah M.S. Al-Hatmi; Sevtap Arikan-Akdagli; Hamid Badali; Ronen Ben-Ami; Alexandro Bonifaz; Stéphane Bretagne; Elio Castagnola; Methee Chayakulkeeree; Arnaldo L. Colombo; Dora E. Corzo-León; Lubos Drgona; Andreas H. Groll; Jesus Guinea; Claus Peter Heussel; Ashraf S. Ibrahim; Souha S. Kanj; Nikolay Klimko; Michaela Lackner; Frederic Lamoth; Fanny Lanternier; Cornelia Lass-Floerl; Dong Gun Lee; Thomas Lehrnbecher; Badre E. Lmimouni; Mihai Mares; Georg Maschmeyer; Jacques F. Meis; Joseph Meletiadis; C. Orla Morrissey; Marcio Nucci; Rita Oladele; Livio Pagano; Alessandro Pasqualotto; Atul Patel; Zdenek Racil; Malcolm Richardson; Emmanuel Roilides; Markus Ruhnke; Seyedmojtaba Seyedmousavi; Neeraj Sidharthan; Nina Singh; János Sinko; Anna Skiada; Monica Slavin; Rajeev Soman; Brad Spellberg; William Steinbach; Ban Hock Tan; Andrew J. Ullmann; Jörg J. Vehreschild; Maria J.G.T. Vehreschild; Thomas J. Walsh; P. Lewis White; Nathan P. Wiederhold; Theoklis Zaoutis; Arunaloke Chakrabarti; Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Duke University Medical Center; Public Health Wales; Universidade Federal de Ciencias da Saúde de Porto Alegre; Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore; Ministry of Health Oman; American University of Beirut Medical Center; Szent Laszlo Hospital; Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon; Cancer Research Institute of Slovak Academy of Sciences; Peter Maccallum Cancer Centre; Universitätsklinikum Würzburg; Erasmus MC; KU Leuven– University Hospital Leuven; Hopital Europeen Georges-Pompidou; Københavns Universitet; University of California, San Diego; The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia; University of Southern California; Universite Paris Descartes; National and Kapodistrian University of Athens; Nijmegen Interdenominational Hospital Canisius-Wilhelmina; Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna; Universidad Complutense de Madrid; University of Melbourne; Centro Nacional de Microbiologia; The University of Sydney; Université Paris-Sud; University of Cologne; University of Lagos College of Medicine; Lukas-Krankenhaus; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois; P.D. Hinduja National Hospital and Medical Research Centre; Monash University; Mohammed V University in Rabat; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; New York Presbyterian Hospital; Singapore General Hospital; North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov; Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences; Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; University of Witwatersrand; Harbor-UCLA Medical Center; IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini - Ospedale Pediatrico; University of Aberdeen; Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul; Hospital General de Mexico; Aristotle University of Thessaloniki; Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; University of Pittsburgh Medical Center; Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center; Uniklinik Köln; Medizinische Universitat Innsbruck; Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences India; Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main; Universitätsklinikum Münster; Medizinische Universität Graz; Tel Aviv University, Sackler Faculty of Medicine; University of Manchester; Hippokration General Hospital; Hospital General "Dr. Manuel Gea González"; Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg; The Catholic University of Korea; McGill University; Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion; Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh; Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro; Center of Expertise in Microbiology; Westerdijk Fungal Biodiversity Institute; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne; Ion Ionescu de la Brad University; Vedanta Institute of Medical Sciences
    © 2019 Elsevier Ltd Mucormycosis is a difficult to diagnose rare disease with high morbidity and mortality. Diagnosis is often delayed, and disease tends to progress rapidly. Urgent surgical and medical intervention is lifesaving. Guidance on the complex multidisciplinary management has potential to improve prognosis, but approaches differ between health-care settings. From January, 2018, authors from 33 countries in all United Nations regions analysed the published evidence on mucormycosis management and provided consensus recommendations addressing differences between the regions of the world as part of the “One World One Guideline” initiative of the European Confederation of Medical Mycology (ECMM). Diagnostic management does not differ greatly between world regions. Upon suspicion of mucormycosis appropriate imaging is strongly recommended to document extent of disease and is followed by strongly recommended surgical intervention. First-line treatment with high-dose liposomal amphotericin B is strongly recommended, while intravenous isavuconazole and intravenous or delayed release tablet posaconazole are recommended with moderate strength. Both triazoles are strongly recommended salvage treatments. Amphotericin B deoxycholate is recommended against, because of substantial toxicity, but may be the only option in resource limited settings. Management of mucormycosis depends on recognising disease patterns and on early diagnosis. Limited availability of contemporary treatments burdens patients in low and middle income settings. Areas of uncertainty were identified and future research directions specified.
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    Results from the ARTEMIS DISK global antifungal surveillance study: A 6.5-year analysis of susceptibilities of candida and other yeast species to fluconazole and voriconazole by standardized disk diffusion testing
    (2005-12-01) M. A. Pfaller; D. J. Diekema; M. G. Rinaldi; R. Barnes; B. Hu; A. V. Veselov; N. Tiraboschi; E. Nagy; D. L. Gibbs; Jorge Finquelievich; David Ellis; Dominique Frameree; Annemarie Van Den Abeele; Jean Marc Senterre; Arnaldo Colombo; Robert Rennie; Steve Sanche; Bijie Hu; Yingchun Xu; Yingyuan Zhang; Nan Shan Zhong; Pilar Rivas; Angela Restrepo; Catalina Bedout; Ricardo Vega Matilde Mendez; Nada Mallatova; Eva Chmelarova; Julio Ayabaca; Jeannete Zurita; M. Mallie; E. Candolfi; W. Fegeler; A. Haase; G. Rodloff; W. Bar; V. Czaika; George Petrikos; Erzsébet Puskás; Ilona Doczi; Mestyan Gyula; Radka Nikolova; Uma Banerjee; Nathan Keller; Vivian Tullio; Gian Carlo Schito; Giacomo Fortina; Gian Piero Testore; Domenico D'Antonio; Giorgio Scalise; Pietro Martino; Graziana Manno; Kee Peng; Celia Alpuche; Eduardo Rodriguez Noriega; Mussaret Zaidi; Jacques F.G.M. Meis; Egil Lingaas; Danuta Dzierzanowska; Waclaw Pawliszyn; Mariada Luz Martins; Luis Albuquerque; Laura Rosado; Rosa Velho; Jose Amorim; Vera N. Ilina; Olga I. Kretchikova; Galina A. Klyasova; Sophia M. Rozanova; Irina G. Multykh; Nikolay N. Klimko; Elena D. Agapova; Natalya V. Dmitrieva; Abdul Mohsen Al-Rasheed; Jan Trupl; Leon Langsadl; Alena Vaculikova; Hupkova Helena; Denise Roditi; Anwar Hoosen; H. H. Crewe-Brown; M. N. Janse Van Rensburg; Adriano Duse; Kyungwon Lee; Mi Na Kim; A. Del Palacio; Aurora Sanchez-Sousa; Jacques Bille; K. Muhlethaler; Shan Chwen Chang; Jen Hsien Wang; Malai Vorachit; Deniz Gur; Volkan Korten; John Paul; Brian Jones; F. Kate Gould; Chris Kibbler; Nigel Weightman; Ian M. Gould; Ruth Ashbee; University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine; University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio; University of Wales; Zhongshan Hospital Shanghai; Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy; Hospital de Clinicas Jose de San Martin; University of Szeged Faculty of Medicine; Giles Scientific, Inc.; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Women's and Children's Hospital Adelaide; CHU de Jumet; St Lucas Campus Heilige Familie; Centre Hospitalier Regional de La Citadelle; Universidade Federal de Sao Paulo; University of Alberta Hospital; Royal University Hospital; Universitario de Caracas; Peking Union Medical College; Huashan Hospital; Guangzhou Institute of Repiratory Disease; Inst. Nacional de Cancerologýa; CIB; Hospital Militar Central, Bogota; Hospital Ceske Budejovice; Krajska Hygienicka stanice se sidlem v Ostrave; Hospital FF. AA HG1; Hospital Vozandes; Universite de Montpellier; Institut de Parasitologie; Westfalische Wilhelms-Universitat Munster; Rheinisch-Westfalische Technische Hochschule Aachen; Inst. F. Med. Mikrobiologie; Carl-Thiem-Klinikum; Humaine Kliniken; Laikon General Hospital; BAZ County Institute; Szegedi Tudomanyegyetem (SZTE); Pecsi Tudomanyegyetem; Szent Laszlo Hospital; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel; Universita degli Studi di Torino; Universita degli Studi di Genova; Ospedale di Novara; Universita degli Studi di Roma Tor Vergata; Ospedale Civile di Pescara; Instituto di Malattie Infettive; University of Malaya; Hospital General de Mexico; Universidad de Guadalajara; Hospital General O'Horan; Nijmegen Interdenominational Hospital Canisius-Wilhelmina; Rikshospitalet-Radiumhospitalet HF; Instytut Pomnik-Centrum Zdrowia Dziecka; Pracownia Bakteriologii; Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical; Centro Hospitalar e Universitario de Coimbra; Instituto Nacional de Saude Dr. Ricardo Jorge; Hospital Geral de Santo Antonio; Novosibirsk Regional Hospital; Gen del Este Domingo Luciani; National Research Center for Hematology; City Clinical Hospital No.; Territory Center of Laboratory Diagnostics; Medical Mycology Research Institute; Irkutsk Regional Childrens Hospital; Oncology Research Center; Riyadh Military Hospital; National Cancer Center; NUTaRCH; Derer's University Hospital Slovakia; St. Cyril and Method's Hospital; Groote Schuur Hospital; Ga-Rankuwa Hospital; Baragwanath Hospital; University of the Free State; Johannesburg Hospital; Yonsei University; Asan Medical Center; Hospital 12 De Octobre; Hospital Ramon y Cajal; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois; Universitat Bern; National Taiwan University Hospital; China Medical University Hospital Taichung; Mahidol University; Hacettepe Universitesi; Marmara Universitesi Tip Fakultesi; Royal Sussex County Hospital; Glasgow Royal Infirmary; Freeman Hospital; UCL; Friarage Hospital; Aberdeen Royal Infirmary; Leeds General Infirmary; Wayne State University; The Mount Sinai Medical Center; Weill Cornell Medical Center; Stanford University Medical Center; University Hospitals Case Medical Center; University of Virginia; Christiana Care
    © 2005, American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved. Fluconazole in vitro susceptibility test results for 140,767 yeasts were collected from 127 participating investigators in 39 countries from June 1997 through December 2003. Data were collected on 79,343 yeast isolates tested with voriconazole from 2001 through 2003. All investigators tested clinical yeast isolates by the CLSI (formerly NCCLS) M44-A disk diffusion method. Test plates were automatically read and results were recorded with the BIOMIC Vision Image Analysis System. Species, drug, zone diameter, susceptibility category, and quality control results were collected quarterly via e-mail for analysis. Duplicate (the same patient, same species, and same susceptible-resistant biotype profile during any 7-day period) and uncontrolled test results were not analyzed. The 10 most common species of yeasts all showed less resistance to voriconazole than to fluconazole. Candida krusei showed the largest difference, with over 70% resistance to fluconazole and less than 8% to voriconazole. All species of yeasts tested were more susceptible to voriconazole than to fluconazole, assuming proposed interpretive breakpoints of ≥17 mm (susceptible) and ≤13 mm (resistant) for voriconazole. MICs reported in this study were determined from the zone diameter in millimeters from the continuous agar gradient around each disk, which was calibrated with MICs determined from the standard CLSI M27-A2 broth dilution method by balanced-weight regression analysis. The results from this investigation demonstrate the broad spectrum of the azoles for most of the opportunistic yeast pathogens but also highlight several areas where resistance may be progressing and/or where previously rare species may be "emerging".