Browsing by Author "Pattapong Kessomboon"

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    Author Correction: Women and other risk factors for chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Thailand: National Health Examination V Survey (Scientific Reports, (2021), 11, 1, (21366), 10.1038/s41598-021-00694-9)
    (2021-12-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Nareemarn Neelapaichit; Anchalee Chittamma; Chagriya Kitiyakara; Ramathibodi Hospital; Chulalongkorn University; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Chiang Mai University
    The original version of this Article contained an error in Affiliation 6, which was incorrectly given as ‘Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand’. The correct affiliation is listed below: Ramathibodi School of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand The original Article has been corrected.
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    Changes in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension in Thai population, 2004-2009: Thai National Health Examination Survey III-IV
    (2012-09-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Rassamee Sangthong; Pattapong Kessomboon; Panwadee Putwatana; Rungkarn Inthawong; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Piyamitr Sritara; Somkiat Sangwatanaroj; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Mahidol University; Prince of Songkla University; Khon Kaen University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Chulalongkorn University; Chiang Mai University
    Objective: To determine the changes in prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension and their metabolic risk factors in Thai population between 2004 and 2009. Methods: The Thai National Health Examination Survey (NHES) in 2004 and 2009 data were used. Blood pressure and anthropometric measurements were performed. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension of Thai population aged at least 15 years were calculated. Analyses were weighted to the probability of sampling. Results: The prevalence of hypertension in 2004 and 2009 were relatively stable at approximately 21.0%. There was improvement in awareness of hypertension, from 18.2% for men and 33.0% for women in 2004 to 39.5 and 59.4% in 2009, respectively. The high blood pressure control rates improved from 4.8 to 14.4% for men and from 10.8 to 27.2% for women, respectively (all P < 0.05). The improvement in awareness, treatment and control of hypertension was also observed in individuals with diabetes, obesity and hypercholesterolemia. However, among hypertensive individuals, there were increases in proportions of obesity (BMI ≥ 25kg/m) between two surveys: from 39.1 to 47.5% in men and from 54.6 to 62.9% in women, respectively (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:: Despite improvement in awareness and control of hypertension in Thai population, a large proportion of hypertensive individuals remained suboptimally controlled. Strengthening measures to control high blood pressure and metabolic risk factors, especially obesity and hypercholesterolemia, in individuals with hypertension are needed. © 2012 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
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    Characteristics and determinants of Thailand's declining birth rate in women age 35 to 59 years old: Data from the fourth national health examination survey
    (2014-01-01) Kriengkrai Correction Srithanaviboonchai; Wanchai Moongtui; Ratana Panpanich; Jiraporn Suwanteerangkul; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Rassamee Sangthong; Pattapong Kessomboon; Panwadee Putwatana; Jiraluck Nontarak; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Wichai Aekplakorn; Rungkarn Inthawong; Jiraluck Nonthaluck; Supornsak Tipsukum; Yawarat Porrapakkham; Kanittha Thaikla; Wongsa Laohasiriwong; Wanlop Jaidee; Sutthinan Srathonghon; Somdej Pinitsoontorn; Piyathida Kuhirunyaratn; Sauwanan Bumrerraj; Amornrat Rattanasiri; Suchad Paileeklee; Bangornsri Jindawong; Napaporn Krusun; Weerapong Seeupalat; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Mafausis Dueravee; Somrat Lertmaharit; Vilai Chinveschakitvanich; Onuma Zongram; Nuchanad Hounnaklang; Sukarin Wimuktayon; Chalermsri Nuntawan; Karn Chaladthanyagid; Chiang Mai University; Prince of Songkla University; Khon Kaen University; Mahidol University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Chulalongkorn University
    Objective: To describe characteristics and determinants of Thailand's declining birth rate using national representative survey data. Material and Method: The Fourth National Health Examination Survey was conducted between 2008 and 2009. Four stages of stratified probability samples, proportionate to size, were used to represent the whole Thai population. Information from women aged 35 to 59 years old was included in the analysis. Curve estimation was used to characterize the correlation between the number of children ever born and the age of married and un-married women. Binary logistic regression analysis was used to identify predictors of having fewer than two children among ever married women. Results: Of all 4120 women, the number of children decreased sharply among the oldest women aged 45 to 59 years old, decreased less sharply for women younger than 45 years of age, reached the lowest level at the age of 37 and 38 years old, and then increased minimally among the younger women surveyed. Among those who were ever married (n = 3,761), the independent predictors of having one or no child instead of having two or more children were aged 45 to 49 compared to 50 to 59 years old (OR = 1.66; 95% CI = 1.37-2.00), age 35 to 44 compared to 50 to 59 years old (OR = 1.39; 95% CI = 1.16-1.68), living in households with wealth index level 3 compared to level 1 (OR = 1.28; 95% CI = 1.01-1.63), urban residence (OR = 1.33; 95% CI = 1.14-1.57), attaining secondary school education (OR = 1.35; 95% CI = 1.11-1.64), and having junior college diploma or higher level of education compared to elementary or no education (OR = 1.81; 95% CI = 1.39-2.34). Conclusion: Birth rate of Thai women declined steeply in the past then less steeply, and might have begun to rise minimally in recent years. Younger age, living in an urban area, and having higher socioeconomic status were predictors of having fewer than two children.
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    Diagnostic performance of 2 h postprandial capillary and venous glucose as a screening test for abnormal glucose tolerance
    (2012-10-01) Sauwanan Bumrerraj; Janusz Kaczorowski; Pattapong Kessomboon; Bandit Thinkhamrop; Chatchalit Rattarasarn; Khon Kaen University; Universite de Montreal; Mahidol University
    Aims: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of postprandial venous and capillary glucose to screen for abnormal glucose tolerance in primary care setting. Methods: Both post-breakfast venous plasma and capillary blood glucose were taken simultaneously from a consecutive sample of volunteer civil service workers in Khon Kaen, Thailand between June and December 2009. The 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed within 3 days of the baseline visit. Both postprandial capillary and venous glucose were assessed for sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and likelihood ratio using the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) results for the diagnosis of abnormal glucose tolerance as a gold standard. Results: 1102 volunteers participated, of whom 874 (79.3%) completed the full study protocol. Five-hundred and four (57.8%) of 874 participants were female. The mean age was 39.9 years (SD = 12.16) and the mean BMI was 24.3 kg/m 2 (SD = 6.86). The sensitivity and specificity at the optimal cut-off point for venous glucose were 68.28% (95% CI 60.04-75.75) and 67.90% (95% CI 64.38-71.28), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity at the optimal cut-off point for capillary glucose were 63.45% (95% CI 55.05-71.28) and 64.06% (95% CI 60.46-67.55), respectively. The area under the ROC curve was 0.73 (95% CI 0.68-0.78) for venous glucose and 0.69 (95% CI 0.64-0.74) for capillary glucose. The subgroup analysis involving individuals with waist circumference > 90 cm improved the area under the curve (AUC) to 0.76 (95% CI 0.68-0.83). Conclusions: Postprandial blood glucose testing had a moderate discriminating characteristic for the diagnosis of abnormal glucose tolerance. Careful consideration is needed when using it to screen for this condition in general population. © 2012 Primary Care Diabetes Europe.
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    Health behaviors among short- and long- term ex-smokers: Results from the Thai National Health Examination Survey IV, 2009
    (2012-07-01) Rassamee Sangthong; Wit Wichaidit; Edward McNeil; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Panwadee Putwatana; Wichai Aekplakorn; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University; Khon Kaen University; Chulalongkorn University; Mahidol University
    Background: Although numerous studies have shown the health behaviors of ex-smokers to be better than those in regular smokers, the differences in health behaviors among ex-smokers at varying durations of cessation have not been investigated. This study aims to examine the relationship between different durations of smoking cessation and health behaviors. Methods: Data on dietary intake, alcohol consumption, physical activity, and smoking behavior from the Thai National Health Examination Survey IV for subjects aged 15-98. years (n= 19 371) were included in the analysis. Trends between health behaviors among regular smokers, ex-smokers with different durations of smoking ( < 1. year, 1-10. years, > 10. years), and never smokers were tested. Logistic regression models adjusted for sex, age, and economic status were used. Results: The prevalences of regular smoking, ex-smoking, and never smoking were 22.3%, 12% , and 65.7%, respectively. A trend was found for consumption of fruit, beans and meats, dairy and soy milk, whole-grain products, nutritional supplements, and eating habits. Average daily alcohol consumption (g) was lowest among ex-smokers who had quit for > 10. years ex-smokers (16.4) followed by 1-10. years ex-smokers (27.2), and < 1. year ex-smokers (33.7). Conclusion: A longer duration of smoking cessation correlated with better health behaviors. © 2012 Elsevier Inc.
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    Increasing glycaemia is associated with a significant decline in HDL cholesterol in women with prediabetes in two national populations
    (2021-12-01) Chaiwat Washirasaksiri; Weerachai Srivanichakorn; Ian F. Godsland; Chayanis Kositamongkol; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Nareemarn Neelapaichit; Pochamana Phisalprapa; Desmond G. Johnston; Nick S. Oliver; Wichai Aekplakorn; Ramathibodi Hospital; Siriraj Hospital; Chulalongkorn University; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Imperial College Faculty of Medicine; Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University
    Internationally, studies have shown associations between lipids and glycemia; however, whether the link varies by gender and population has been rarely examined. We investigated relationships between glycemia and HDL- and Non-HDL-cholesterol and their modification by gender. We undertook a cross-sectional analysis from the National Health Examination Survey for Thailand (NHES-Thailand) and the Health Survey for England (HS-England) in adults aged 18–75 year. Glycaemia was assessed by FPG in Thailand and by HbA1c in the UK. In population- and gender-stratified analyses, the relationships between glycemia and lipids were explored. A total of 15,145 Thai and 3484 UK adults with blood measurement were included. The prevalences of prediabetes were: in NHES-Thailand, 16% (SE = 0.004), based on FPG (5.6 to < 7.0 mmol/L) and in HS-England, 19% (0.007) based on HbA1c (39 to < 48 mmol/mol). Increasingly abnormal glucose homeostasis was associated with increasing age, adiposity, SBP, proportion of antihypertensive and lipid-lowering agent use and with decreasing HDL-cholesterol. Independent of age, adiposity, smoking, alcohol, physical activity, and lipid and BP lowering drug use, increasing glycemia was associated with decreasing HDL-cholesterol specifically in women with prediabetes (NHES-Thailand, beta-coefficient − 0.07 (95% CI − 0.15, − 0.001) p = 0.04 and HS-England, − 0.03 (− 0.04, − 0.006) p = 0.01). In both populations, among those with prediabetes, increasing glycaemia is associated with an adverse, significant decline in HDL cholesterol, specifically in women. These adverse effects are apparent in widely-differing international populations.
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    International Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia: Design, rationale, and preliminary results
    (2004-03-01) Jiang He; Bruce Neal; Dongfeng Gu; Paibul Suriyawongpaisal; Xue Xin; Robert Reynolds; Stephen MacMahon; Paul K. Whelton; Dale Glasser; Rajiv Patni; Xin Hua Zhang; Lydia A. Bazzano; Jing Chen; Paul Muntner; Kristi Reynolds; Neil Chapman; Mark Woodward; Xigui Wu; Wenqi Gan; Shaoyong Su; Donghai Liu; Xiufang Duan; Guangyong Huang; Yifeng Ma; Xiu Liu; Zhongqi Tian; Xiaofei Wang; Guangyong Fan; Jiaqiang Wang; Changlin Qiu; Ling Yu; Xiaodong Pu; Xinsheng Bai; Linsen Li; Wei Wu; Lihua Xu; Jing Liu; Yuzhi Jiang; Yuhua Lan; Lijiang Huang; Huaifeng Yin; Xianping Wu; Ying Deng; Jun He; Ningmei Zhang; Xiaoyan Yang; Xiangfu Chen; Renmin Wei; Xingzhong Liu; Huaiyu Ruan; Ming Li; Changqing Zhang; Naying Chen; Xiaoyu Meng; Fangqing Wei; Yongfang Xu; Tianyi Wu; Jianjiang Ji; Chaoxiu Shi; Ping Yang; Ligui Wang; Yuzhi Hu; Li Yan; Yanjuan Wang; Cailiang Yao; Liangcai Ma; Jun Zhang; Mingao Xu; Zhengyuan Zhou; Jianjun Mu; Zhexun Wang; Huicang Li; Zirui Zhao; Sayan Cheepudomwit Porntip Loelekla; Piyamitr Srithara; Poolsook Sariyaporn; Pairao Pongchoke; Somboon Jaiyavat; Charermsri Nantawan; Vachira Kasikoson; Somsak Thamthitiwat; Penprapa Siviroj; Jiraporn Suwanteerangkul; Pyatat Tasanavivat; Pattapong Kessomboon; Sujinan Horas; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Tada Yipintsoi; Nualta Apakupakul; Walla Jirathamopas; Woravut Jintapakorn; Vongsvat Kosulwat; Atitada Boonpraderm; Tulane University; Pfizer Inc.; The University of Sydney; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; Mahidol University; Mahidol University
    Objectives: The overall objective of the international Collaborative Study of Cardiovascular Disease in Asia (InterASIA) was to estimate the prevalence and distribution of cardiovascular disease risk factors, including hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, diabetes, obesity, cigarette smoking, and physical inactivity, in the general population of both China and Thailand. Methods and Results: A multistage cluster sampling method was used to select a nationally representative sample of 15,838 adults, aged 35-74 years, in China, and 5,350 similarly aged adults in Thailand. Data on medical history, cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity, and awareness and control of risk factors for cardiovascular disease, were collected. Blood pressure, body weight and height, and hip and waist circumferences, were measured using standard methods. Fasting blood specimens were collected to measure levels of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, and creatinine. All data were carefully collected by specially trained, experienced observers using standardized methods and a stringent level of quality control. The prevalence of self-reported cardiovascular disease in Chinese adults aged 35-74 years was 3.3% in men and 3.6% in women (representing 8,147,000 male and 8,270,000 female cases nationally). The prevalence of self-reported cardiovascular disease in Thai adults was 1.5% in men and 1.7% in women (representing 184,000 male and 226,000 female cases). Conclusions: The InterASIA study provides important information on the current prevalence and control of both cardiovascular disease and its risk factors in the region. These findings will be useful for developing national strategies to reduce the large, and increasing, burden of cardiovascular disease in China and Thailand.
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    Metabolic syndrome in Thai adolescents and associated factors: the Thai National Health Examination Survey V (NHES V)
    (2021-12-01) Sirinapa Siwarom; Wichai Aekplakorn; Kwanchai Pirojsakul; Witchuri Paksi; Pattapong Kessomboon; Nareemarn Neelapaichit; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Chulalongkorn University; Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University
    Background: Presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in early life may influence cardiovascular outcome later in adulthood. There is limited data regarding MetS among Thai adolescents. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and related factors in Thai adolescents. Methods: Data on MetS components of 1934 Thai adolescents aged 10–16 years were obtained from the 5th National Health Examination Survey. Age at first screen time exposure, duration of screen time, frequency of food intake and physical activities were collected from interviews. MetS was defined according to 3 definitions: International Diabetes Federation (IDF), Cook’s, and de Ferranti’s. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 4.1% by IDF, 8.0% by Cook’s, and 16.8% by de Ferranti’s definition. The overall prevalence was higher in male (19.0%) than female adolescents (15.3%). The most common MetS components composition among Thai adolescents was high waist circumference with high serum triglyceride and low HDL-cholesterol (40.0% for IDF, 22.6% for Cook’s and 43.5% for de Ferranti’s definition). Exposure to screen media during the first 2 years of life had a 1.3- fold increased odds of MetS by 1 out of 3 definitions (OR 1.30, 95% CI. 1.01–1.68). Duration of physical activity associated with decreased odds of MetS by Cook’s definition (OR 0.96, 95% CI. 0.92–0.99). Conclusions: The prevalence of MetS among Thai adolescents was higher than previously reported by other studies. Screen media exposure during the first 2 years of life should be discouraged and measures to promote physical activity among children and adolescents should be strengthen.
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    Prevalence and management of diabetes and metabolic risk factors in Thai adults: The Thai national health examination survey IV, 2009
    (2011-09-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Rassamee Sangthong; Rungkarn Inthawong; Panwadee Putwatana; Surasak Taneepanichskul; A. W; I. R; Jiraluck Nonthaluck; Supornsak Tipsukum; Yawarat Porrapakkham; C. S; Kanittha Thaikla; Wongsa Laohasiriwong; Wanlop Jaidee; Sutthinan Srathonghon; Ratana Phanphanit; Jiraporn Suwanteerangkul; Kriangkai Srithanaviboonchai; K. P; Somdej Pinitsoontorn; Piyathida Kuhirunyaratn; Sauwanan Bumrerraj; Amornrat Rattanasiri; Suchada Paileeklee; Bangornsri Jindawong; Napaporn Krusun; Weerapong Seeupalat; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; S. R; Mafausis Dueravee; T. S; Somrat Lertmaharit; Vilai Chinveschakitvanich; Onuma Zongram; Nuchanad Hounnaklang; Sukarin Wimuktayon; P. P; Chalermsri Nuntawan; Karn Chaladthanyagid; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University; Khon Kaen University; Prince of Songkla University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University
    OBJECTIVE - To determine the prevalence of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and undiagnosed and diagnosed diabetes in Thai adults in 2009 and examine the extent of changes in proportions of diagnosis, treatment, and control for blood glucose, high blood pressure, and high total cholesterol between 2004 and 2009. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - Data from the multistage cross-sectional National Health Examination Survey (NHES) IV of 18,629 Thai adults aged ≥20 years conducted in 2009 were used to analyze and compare with the data from NHES III in 2004. RESULTS - The prevalence of IFG and diabetes was 10.6 and 7.5%, respectively. Of all diabetes diagnoses, 35.4% were not previously diagnosed, and the proportion was higher in men than in women (47.3 vs. 23.4%, P < 0.05). Compared with those in year 2004, the proportions of individuals with diabetes and concomitant hypertension did not significantly decrease in 2009 in both sexes, but the proportions of women with diabetes who were abdominally obese or had high total cholesterol (≥5.2 mmol/L) significantly increased in 2009 by 18.0 and 23.5%, respectively (all P < 0.01). The rates of treatment and control of blood glucose, high blood pressure, and high total cholesterol were favorably improved in 2009. However, in substantial proportions of individuals with diabetes these concomitants were still controlled suboptimally. CONCLUSIONS - The prevalence of diabetes and IFG remained high in Thai adults. Improvement in detection and control of diabetes and associatedmetabolic risk factors, particularly obesity and high serum cholesterol, are necessary. © 2011 by the American Diabetes Association.
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    Prevalence and trends of obesity and association with socioeconomic status in Thai adults: National health examination surveys, 1991-2009
    (2014-01-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Rungkarn Inthawong; Pattapong Kessomboon; Rassamee Sangthong; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Panwadee Putwatana; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Mahidol University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Khon Kaen University; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University; Chulalongkorn University
    We determined the prevalence of obesity in Thai adults aged 20 and over in 2009 and examined trends of body mass index (BMI) between 1991 and 2009. Data from Thai National Health Examination Survey for 19,181 adults in 2009 and 64,480 adults between 1991 and 2004 were used to calculate age-adjusted mean and prevalence. Logistic regression was used to examine the association of obesity with education level. In 2009, age-adjusted prevalence of obesity classes I (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2) and II (BMI ≥30 kg/m2) in Thai adults aged ≥20 years were 26.0% and 9.0%, respectively. Compared with primary education, the odds of obesity class I were highest in men with university education. For women, the odds of obesity classes I and II were highest in those with primary education. BMI significantly increased from 21.6 kg/m2in men and 22.8 kg/m2in women in 1991 to 23.3 kg/m2and 24.4 kg/m2in 2009, respectively. The average BMI increases per decade were highest in men with secondary education (1.0 kg/m2, P < 0.001) and in women with primary education with the same rate. There were increasing trends in BMI with slight variation by SES groups in Thai men and women during 1991-2009. © 2014 Wichai Aekplakorn et al.
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    Prevalence of diabetes and relationship with socioeconomic status in the Thai population: National health examination survey, 2004?2014
    (2018-01-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Savitree Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Panwadee Putwatana; Chulalongkorn University; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University
    © 2018 Wichai Aekplakorn et al. Objective. To determine the prevalence and trend of diabetes, related glycemic control, and influential socioeconomic (SES) factors in the Thai population aged =20 years during 2004?2014. Methods. Data from the Thai National Health Examination Survey 2004, 2009, and 2014 were used. Age-adjusted prevalence was calculated, and the associations of education levels with prevalence of diabetes and glycemic control were examined using logistic regression. Results. Age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes increased from 7.7% in 2004 to 7.8% in 2009 and 9.9% in 2014 (8.9% among men and 10.8% among women). Proportions of undiagnosed diabetes were slightly decreased but remained high in 2014 (51.2% for men and 41.3% for women). Diabetes prevalence was higher among those with primary education in both sexes; however, undiagnosed diabetes was higher among women with secondary and university educations. The percentages of those treated and controlled slightly improved among men (45.9%) but not among women (36.4%). Unmet glycemic control was also higher among women with secondary education levels and among men with university-level educations. Conclusions. Epidemic diabetes continues to grow in the Thai population, particularly in individuals with lower educational attainment. Measures to detect new cases and strengthen glycemic control should be scaled up.
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    Religious affiliation and disparities in risk of non-communicable diseases and health behaviours: Findings from the fourth Thai National Health Examination Survey
    (2014-01-01) Wit Wichaidit; Rassamee Sangthong; Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong; Edward McNeil; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Panwadee Putwatana; Wichai Aekplakorn; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University; Khon Kaen University; Chulalongkorn University; Mahidol University
    This study aims to compare the health-related behaviours and risk of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) between Muslims and non-Muslims in Thailand, a predominantly Buddhist country in which Muslims are the second largest religious group. Data from the fourth Thai National Health Examination Survey (NHES IV) conducted in 2009 were used to run multivariate survey logistic regression models with adjustment for age, gender and socio-economic status indicators. Data from 20,450 respondents, of whom 807 (3.9%) were Muslims, were included in the study. Muslims were significantly more likely to have daily consumption of deep-fried food (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.35; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15-1.58) and packaged snacks (adjusted OR = 1.55; 95% CI = 1.30-1.86), and have inadequate control of hypercholesterolemia (adjusted OR = 2.95; 95% CI = 1.30-6.68). In conclusion, we found disparity in the majority of risk factors for NCDs between Muslim and non-Muslim Thais. © 2014 © 2014 Taylor & Francis.
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    Socio-economic inequalities in the association between alcohol use disorder and depressive disorder among Thai adults: a population-based study
    (2020-12-01) Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Jiraluck Nontarak; Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Chulalongkorn University; Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Mahidol University; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University
    © 2020, The Author(s). Background: Previous evidence indicates significant associations between depressive disorders and alcohol use disorder (AUD) and their strong links with social conditions. This study aims to investigate the association between major depressive episode (MDE) and AUD across various socio-economic groups. Methods: We analysed data from the 2014 Thai National Health Examination Survey containing a random sample of 13,177 adults aged > 20 years from the general population. The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test was used to classify respondents into non-problem drinking (score 0–7), hazardous drinking (score 8–15), and harmful-dependent drinking (score 16–40). MDE was identified using questions based on the DSM-IV. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using multinomial logistic regression to determine the strength of associations between MDE as a predictor and AUD as an outcome variable across different socio-economic levels. Results: The prevalence of MDE, hazardous, and harmful-dependent drinking was 2.5, 10.3, and 1.9%, respectively. The association between MDE and AUD was modified by wealth index, education level and area of residence. AORs for the association between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking were high among those in the highest (AOR = 8.68, 95% CI: 5.34, 14.11) and lowest (AOR = 7.14, 95% CI: 3.71, 13.73) levels of wealth index but not significant among those in the middle level (AOR = 1.78, 95% CI: 0.74, 4.25). Education had the strongest effect on the relationship between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking (AOR = 16.0, 95% CI: 10.30, 24.90 among those completing secondary school or higher and AOR = 1.44, 95% CI: 0.63, 3.33 among those completing primary school only). The association between MDE and harmful-dependent drinking was higher among people who lived in urban areas (AOR = 8.50, 95% CI: 5.50, 13.13) compared to those living in rural areas (AOR = 4.73, 95% CI: 3.31, 6.77). Conclusion: Socio-economic factors modify the association between alcohol use disorder and major depressive disorder among Thai people.
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    Stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with HIV among general adult Thai population: Results from the 5thThai National Health Examination Survey (NHES)
    (2017-11-01) Kriengkrai Srithanaviboonchai; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Jiraluck Nontarak; Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Pattapong Kessomboon; Panwadee Putwatana; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Wichai Aekplakorn; Chiang Mai University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Prince of Songkla University; Khon Kaen University; Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University
    © 2017 Srithanaviboonchai et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Background: HIV-related stigma and discrimination is a significant driver of the HIV and AIDS epidemic. UNAIDS encourages all nations to monitor progress toward elimination of this problem. This study measured the level of stigmatizing attitudes toward people living with HIV (PLHIV) among Thai adults in the general population using recommended global tools. Methods: Data from the 5th National Health Examination Survey, conducted in 2014 were used. The survey utilized six questions recommended by the Global Stigma and Discrimination Indicator Working Group and was administered to participants aged 20–59 years old. All analyses were weighted to take into account of the probability of sampling the same-age Thai population. Factors related to a discriminatory attitude according to UNAIDS, defined as agreed to at least one of the two discriminatory issues, were evaluated using Chi square tested and multivariable logistic regression. Results: Of the 10,522 respondents, the most prevalent stigmatizing attitude was anticipated stigma (76.9%), followed by perceived stigma (69.2%), fear of HIV infection (57.0%), and social judgment (38.2%). Fifty-eight point six percent had discriminatory attitudes according to the UNAIDS global indicator. Independent predictors were being female (AOR = 1.21: 95% CI 1.14–1.29), aged 20–39 (AOR = 1.19: 95% CI 1.09–1.30) or 50–59 (AOR = 1.18: 95%CI 1.12–1.26), being Muslim (AOR = 2.03: 95%CI 1.55–2.66), earning < 10,000 Baht/month (AOR = 0.93: 95%CI 0.88–0.99), and living in the Northeast (AOR = 1.67: 95%CI 1.39–2.00) or in Bangkok (AOR = 1.73: 95%CI 1.45–2.07). Conclusions: More than half of the general adult Thai population had stigmatizing attitudes toward PLHIV. The study provided valuable baseline information which could be used as comparison for follow-up surveys with other countries. Interventions to improve Thai society’s knowledge and attitudes toward HIV/AIDS are urgently needed.
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    Universal coverage but unmet need: National and regional estimates of attrition across the diabetes care continuum in Thailand
    (2020-01-01) Lily D. Yan; Piya Hanvoravongchai; Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Nareemarn Neelapaichit; Andrew C. Stokes; Chulalongkorn University; Boston University School of Public Health; Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University; Prince of Songkla University; Boston Medical Center; Chiang Mai University
    BACKGROUND: Diabetes is a growing challenge in Thailand. Data to assess health system response to diabetes is scarce. We assessed what factors influence diabetes care cascade retention, under universal health coverage. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the 2014 Thai National Health Examination Survey. Diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose ≥126mg/dL or on treatment. National and regional care cascades were constructed across screening, diagnosis, treatment, and control. Unmet need was defined as the total loss across cascade levels. Logistic regression was used to examine the demographic and healthcare factors associated with cascade attrition. FINDINGS: We included 15,663 individuals. Among Thai adults aged 20+ with diabetes, 67.0% (95% CI 60.9% to 73.1%) were screened, 34.0% (95% CI 30.6% to 37.2%) were diagnosed, 33.3% (95% CI 29.9% to 36.7%) were treated, and 26.0% (95% CI 22.9% to 29.1%) were controlled. Total unmet need was 74.0% (95% CI 70.9% to 77.1%), with regional variation ranging from 58.4% (95% CI 45.0% to 71.8%) in South to 78.0% (95% CI 73.0% to 83.0%) in Northeast. Multivariable models indicated older age (OR 1.76), males (OR 0.65), and a higher density of medical staff (OR 2.40) and health centers (OR 1.58) were significantly associated with being diagnosed among people with diabetes. Older age (OR 1.80) and higher geographical density of medical staff (OR 1.82) and health centers (OR 1.56) were significantly associated with being controlled. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial attrition in the diabetes care continuum was observed at diabetes screening and diagnosis, related to both individual and health system factors. Even with universal health insurance, Thailand still needs effective behavioral and structural interventions, especially in primary health care settings, to address unmet need in diabetes care for its population.
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    Urban and rural variation in clustering of metabolic syndrome components in the Thai population: results from the fourth National Health Examination Survey 2009
    (2011) Wichai Aekplakorn; Pattapong Kessomboon; Rassamee Sangthong; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Panwadee Putwatana; Rungkarn Inthawong; Wannee Nitiyanant; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Mahidol University. Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital
    Background: Information on the distribution of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its combinations by urban/rural areas in lower-middle income countries has been limited. It is not clear how the various combinations of MetS components varied by urban/rural population and if particular combinations of MetS are more common. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and combinations of MetS components according to sex and urban/ rural areas from a nationally representative sample of Thai adults. Methods: Data from the fourth National Health Examination Survey of 19,256 Thai adults aged 20 years and over were analyzed. MetS was defined using the harmonized criteria of six international expert groups with Asianspecific cut-point for waist circumference. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 23.2% among adults aged ≥ 20 years (19.5% in men and 26.8% in women). Among men, the prevalence of MetS in urban was higher than those in rural areas (23.1% vs 17.9%, P < 0.05), but among women, the prevalence was higher in rural areas (27.9% vs 24.5%, P < 0.05). Overall, an individual component of low high density lipoprotein (HDL) and hypertriglyceridemia were more common in rural areas, while obesity, high blood pressure and hyperglycemia were more common in urban areas. The most common combination of MetS components in men was the clustering of low HDL, hypertriglyceridemia, and high blood pressure (urban: 3.4% vs. rural: 3.9%, adjusted OR 0.9, 95%CI 0.7, 1.1). Among women, the most common combination was the clustering of obesity, low HDL, and hypertriglyceridemia (urban: 3.9% vs rural: 5.9%, adjusted OR 0.8, 95%CI 0.6, 0.9), followed by the clustering of these three components with high blood pressure (urban: 3.1% vs. rural 4.5%, adjusted OR 0.8, 95%CI 0.7, 0.9). Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome affects both urban and rural population with different pattern of MetS combinations. Dyslipidemia and obesity were the most common components among women in rural areas, hence, interventions to prevent and control these factors should be strengthened.
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    Urban and rural variation in clustering of metabolic syndrome components in the Thai population: Results from the fourth National Health Examination Survey 2009
    (2011-11-11) Wichai Aekplakorn; Pattapong Kessomboon; Rassamee Sangthong; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Panwadee Putwatana; Rungkarn Inthawong; Wannee Nitiyanant; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Mahidol University; Khon Kaen University; Prince of Songkla University; Chiang Mai University; National Health Examination Survey Office; Chulalongkorn University
    Background: Information on the distribution of Metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its combinations by urban/rural areas in lower-middle income countries has been limited. It is not clear how the various combinations of MetS components varied by urban/rural population and if particular combinations of MetS are more common. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of MetS and combinations of MetS components according to sex and urban/rural areas from a nationally representative sample of Thai adults. Methods. Dat a from the fourth National Health Examination Survey of 19,256 Thai adults aged 20 years and over were analyzed. MetS was defined using the harmonized criteria of six international expert groups with Asian-specific cut-point for waist circumference. Results: The prevalence of MetS was 23.2% among adults aged 20 years (19.5% in men and 26.8% in women). Among men, the prevalence of MetS in urban was higher than those in rural areas (23.1% vs 17.9%, P < 0.05), but among women, the prevalence was higher in rural areas (27.9% vs 24.5%, P < 0.05). Overall, an individual component of low high density lipoprotein (HDL) and hypertriglyceridemia were more common in rural areas, while obesity, high blood pressure and hyperglycemia were more common in urban areas. The most common combination of MetS components in men was the clustering of low HDL, hypertriglyceridemia, and high blood pressure (urban: 3.4% vs. rural: 3.9%, adjusted OR 0.9, 95%CI 0.7, 1.1). Among women, the most common combination was the clustering of obesity, low HDL, and hypertriglyceridemia (urban: 3.9% vs rural: 5.9%, adjusted OR 0.8, 95%CI 0.6, 0.9), followed by the clustering of these three components with high blood pressure (urban: 3.1% vs. rural 4.5%, adjusted OR 0.8, 95%CI 0.7, 0.9). Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome affects both urban and rural population with different pattern of MetS combinations. Dyslipidemia and obesity were the most common components among women in rural areas, hence, interventions to prevent and control these factors should be strengthened. © 2011 Aekplakorn et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.
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    Women and other risk factors for chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology in Thailand: National Health Examination V Survey
    (2021-12-01) Wichai Aekplakorn; Suwat Chariyalertsak; Pattapong Kessomboon; Sawitri Assanangkornchai; Surasak Taneepanichskul; Nareemarn Neelapaichit; Anchalee Chittamma; Chagriya Kitiyakara; Ramathibodi Hospital; Chulalongkorn University; Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University; Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University; Chiang Mai University
    There are limited data on chronic kidney disease of unknown etiology (CKDu) from Southeast Asia. Initially described in working age men, a common approach to detect CKDu that includes all adults has recently been proposed. We determined the prevalence, and risk factors for CKDu using data from a cross-sectional, nationally representative survey of the adult population of Thailand. We used a proxy for CKDu as age < 70 with impaired kidney function (eGFR < 60) in the absence of diabetes and hypertension (CKDu1) and heavy proteinuria (CKDu2). Prevalence estimates were probability-weighted for the Thai population. The associations between risk factors and CKDu or elderly subjects with eGFR < 60 without traditional causes were assessed by multivariable logistic regression. Of 17,329 subjects, the prevalence were: eGFR < 60, 5.3%; CKDu1 0.78%; CKDu2, 0.75%. CKDu differed by 4.3-folds between regions. Women, farmers/laborers, older age, gout, painkillers, rural area, and stones were independent risk factors for CKDu. Women, age, rural, gout, painkillers were significant risk factors for both CKDu and elderly subjects. These data collected using standardized methodology showed that the prevalence of CKDu in Thailand was low overall, although some regions had higher risk. Unlike other countries, Thai women had a two-fold higher risk of CKDu.