Browsing by Author "Sarawut Junnu"

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    The Effect of Temperature on the Stability of In-Use Insulin Pens
    (2021-09-01) Tanawan Kongmalai; Lukana Preechasuk; Sarawut Junnu; Siriphan Manocheewa; Chatchawan Srisawat; Apiradee Sriwijitkamol; Siriraj Hospital
    Background Improper storage of insulin could decrease its potency. Manufacturers recommend that in-use insulin pens should be kept at between 25-30°C, but room temperature in tropical countries often exceeds this range. This study investigates the effect of temperature on the stability of basal insulin in cartridges 28 days after opening. Methods Four different basal insulins were evaluated. Five opened pens of each insulin type were included for each of three storage conditions and 5 unopened insulin pens of each type were stored in the refrigerator as a control. The opened pens were stored for 28 days in either a refrigerator (2-8 °C), at room temperature, or in an incubator (37 °C). Each day insulin pens were mixed 20 times and 2 units were discarded to mimic daily usage. Insulin quantity was evaluated using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography assay. Results The average room temperature during the study period was 29.7 °C. After 28 days, the percentage amount of insulin stored at refrigerator, room temperature or incubator, compared with control was 99.0, 99.7, 101.1% for long-acting insulin; 97.4, 97.2, 99.0% for NPH-1; 101.4, 101.5, 100.7% for NPH-2; and 98.7, 97.8, 98.5% for NPH-3. There were no statistically significant differences. However, we observed a trend toward different stability between clear insulin analog and turbid NPH insulin. Conclusions Temperature as high as 37°C and cyclic temperature,had no effect on the stability of in-use insulin pen.
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    Patient-ready syringes containing 25 mg/mL methotrexate can be kept at temperature ranging from 4 °C to 37 °C for up to 12 weeks for use in psoriatic and rheumatologic conditions
    (2020-01-01) Leena Chularojanamontri; Chanisada Wongpraparut; Narumol Silpa-Archa; Chayada Chaiyabutr; Chutipon Pruksaeakanan; Anchalika Klinniyom; Sarawut Junnu; Chatchawan Srisawat; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
    © 2020 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC. Background: Methotrexate (MTX) is a mainstay drug in the treatment of psoriatic and rheumatologic conditions. Subcutaneous MTX has become a feasible treatment alternative with the development of prefilled syringes or autoinjectors containing MTX solution that can be self-administered by the patient at home. However, MTX prefilled auto-injector pens are still not available in some countries. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the stability and sterility of 25 mg/mL MTX solution in a disposable plastic syringe over a 12-week period under light protection at temperatures of 4 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C. Methods: This study was conducted during November 2019 to February 2020 at the Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University. Stability was evaluated using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography technique, and sterility was assessed by cultures for bacterial and fungal contamination. Results: Our results revealed that patient-ready syringes containing 25 mg/mL MTX solution can be prepared in advance and kept for up to 12 weeks under light protection, and they can be kept at temperatures ranging from 4 to 37 °C. Conclusion: This system for delivering MTX to patients that are refractory to or intolerant of oral MTX via a self-administered pre-filled syringe is both efficient and easy to implement in care settings where commercially alternatives are not yet available.
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    The platelet amyloid precursor protein ratio as a diagnostic marker for Alzheimer's disease in Thai patients
    (2013-05-01) Chatchawan Srisawat; Sarawut Junnu; Chayanon Peerapittayamongkol; Aree Futrakul; Rungtip Soi-Ampornkul; Vorapun Senanarong; Rungnirand Praditsuwan; Prasert Assantachai; Neelobol Neungton; Mahidol University
    The platelet amyloid precursor protein (APP) ratio has recently been shown to be a promising diagnostic marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). To evaluate its usefulness in Thai patients, platelet APP was analyzed by immunoblotting. The APP ratio was calculated as the ratio of the combined band density of the 120-kD and 130-kD isoforms compared to that of the 110-kD isoform. The mean ages (and ranges) of 27 normal and 13 AD-affected subjects were 68.3 (60-84) and 79.3 (70-97) years, respectively. The Thai Mental State Examination (TMSE) scores demonstrated that the AD patients had significantly poorer cognitive functions than the normal subjects, with mean TMSE scores of 20.3 and 27.6 (maximum score of 30 points), respectively (p < 0.05). The platelet APP ratios of the AD patients were significantly lower than those of normal subjects: values (mean ± standard deviation) were 7.32 ± 1.29 and 9.13 ± 3.00, respectively (p < 0.05) for AD patients and normal subjects. However, the ranges of the APP ratios from both groups markedly overlapped, which precluded the establishment of a cutoff level to differentiate between the AD and normal subjects. In addition, no significant correlations were observed between the platelet APP ratio and the TMSE score or between the APP ratio and the serum cholesterol in this study, in contrast to previous reports. © 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    Prevalence of and factors associated with thiamin deficiency in obese Thai children
    (2019-01-01) Narumon Densupsoontorn; Chatchawan Srisawat; Kwanjai Chotipanang; Sarawut Junnu; Supawan Kunnangja; Renu Wongarn; Wipawee Sriboonnark; Hathaichanok Tirapongporn; Phakkanan Phuangphan; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University
    BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Obesity is a state that results from excessive energy consumption, and obese people often have micronutrient deficiencies. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of and factors associated with thiamin deficiency in obese Thai children. METHODS AND STUDY DESIGN: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University during 2014 to 2017. Children aged 7-15 years old with exogenous obesity were recruited. Symptoms and signs of thiamin deficiency were evaluated. Erythrocyte transketolase activity was measured by thiamin pyrophosphate effect (TPPE), with ≥15% indicating thiamin deficiency. Dietary consumption from a 5-day food diary and food frequency questionnaire was calculated by INMUCAL software. Other medical complications of obesity were also evaluated. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-four subjects (81 males and 43 females) were enrolled, with a mean age of 10.9 years. Fifty-two subjects had abnormal TPPE for an overall prevalence of thiamin deficiency of 42%. Manifestations of thiamin deficiency included numbness, weakness, and calf muscle cramping. TPPE test results were correlated with at least one symptom or a sign of thiamin deficiency (p<0.01). The thiamin-deficient group tended to have higher proportion of morbid obesity and larger waist circumferences than thiamin-sufficient group. The thiamindeficient group tended to consume less thiamin in relation to energy intake than the thiamin-sufficient group (p=0.057). Items of foods consumed were statistically indistinguishable between groups. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study revealed a 42% prevalence of thiamin deficiency among obese Thai children, and most of those cases were subclinical.
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    Protective effect of mangosteen extract against β-amyloid-induced cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and altered proteome in SK-N-SH cells
    (2010-05-07) Primchanien Moongkarndi; Chatchawan Srisawat; Putita Saetun; Jiraporn Jantaravinid; Chayanon Peerapittayamongkol; Rungtip Soi-Ampornkul; Sarawut Junnu; Supachok Sinchaikul; Shui Tein Chen; Patcharakajee Charoensilp; Visith Thongboonkerd; Neelobol Neungton; Mahidol University; Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University; Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica; National Taiwan University
    β-amyloid (Aβ) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimers disease (AD) by inducing neurotoxicity and cell death mainly through production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Garcinia mangostana L. (mangosteen) has been recognized as a major source of natural antioxidants that could decrease ROS. However, its role in protection of Aβ-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis in neuronal cells remains unclear. We therefore examined such a protective effect of mangosteen extract (ME) by evaluating cell viability using MTT test, ROS level, caspase-3 activity, and cellular proteome. Treating SK-N-SH cells with 5-20 μM Aβ(1-42) for 24 h caused morphologically cytotoxic changes, decreased cell viability and increased ROS level, whereas preincubation with 50-400 μg/mL ME 30 min before the induction by Aβ(1-42) successfully prevented such cytotoxic effects in a dose-dependent manner (completely at 400 μg/mL). The Aβ-induced increase in caspase-3 activity was also preventable by 400 μg/mL ME. Proteomic analysis using 2-D gel electrophoresis (n = 5 gels/group) followed by mass spectrometry revealed 63 proteins whose levels were significantly altered by Aβ(1-42) induction. Interestingly, changes in 10 proteins were successfully prevented by the ME pretreatment. In summary, we report herein the significant protective effects of ME against Aβ-induced cytotoxicity, increased ROS, and increased caspase activity in SK-N-SH cells. Moreover, proteomic analysis revealed some proteins that might be responsible for these protective effects by ME. Further characterizations of these proteins may lead to identification of novel therapeutic targets for successful prevention and/or decreasing the severity of AD. © 2010 American Chemical Society.
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    Protective effects of mangosteen extract on H2O 2-induced cytotoxicity in SK-N-SH cells and scopolamine-induced memory impairment in mice
    (2013-12-27) Jintana Sattayasai; Pongsatorn Chaonapan; Tarinee Arkaravichie; Rungtip Soi-ampornkul; Sarawut Junnu; Patcharakajee Charoensilp; Jutima Samer; Jiraporn Jantaravinid; Patarabutr Masaratana; Bhoom Suktitipat; Juthatip Manissorn; Visith Thongboonkerd; Neelobol Neungton; Primchanien Moongkarndi; Khon Kaen University; Mahidol University
    Mangosteen extracts (ME) contain high levels of polyphenolic compounds and antioxidant activity. Protective effects of ME against β-amyloid peptide (Aβ), induced cytotoxicity have been reported. Here, we further studied the protective effects of ME against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and demonstrated the protection against memory impairment in mice. The cytoprotective effects of ME were measured as cell viability and the reduction in ROS activity. In SK-N-SH cell cultures, 200 ìg/ml ME could partially antagonize the effects of 150 or 300 μM H2O2 on cell viability, ROS level and caspase-3 activity. At 200, 400 or 800 μg/ml, ME reduced AChE activity of SK-N-SH cells to about 60% of the control. In vivo study, Morris water maze and passive avoidance tests were used to assess the memory of the animals. ME, especially at 100 mg/kg body weight, could improve the animal's memory and also antagonize the effect of scopolamine on memory. The increase in ROS level and caspase-3 activity in the brain of scopolamine-treated mice were antagonized by the ME treatment. The study demonstrated cytoprotective effects of ME against H2O2 and PCB-52 toxicity and having AChE inhibitory effect in cell culture. ME treatment in mice could attenuate scopolamine-induced memory deficit and oxidative stress in brain. © 2013 Sattayasai et al.
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    Utility of plasma fluorometric emission scanning for diagnosis of the first 2 cases reports of variegate porphyria: A very rare type of porphyrias in thai
    (2008-12-01) Leena Chularojanamontri; Chanisada Tuchinda; Chatchawan Srisawat; Neelobol Neungton; Sarawut Junnu; Surin Kanyok; Mahidol University
    Two Thai women who are siblings presented with a history of recurrent pruritic vesicles on dorsum of both hands and extensor surface of forearms where the sun-exposed areas are. The excoriated vesicles were healed with depressed scars. They had no previous history of intense abdominal pain, seizure, or psychiatric disorder. Urinary porphyrins were analyzed by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). The level of coproporphyrin III was detected to be higher than the uroporphyrin level. Fluorescence emission scanning of both patients' plasma was performed and demonstrated typical emission peak at 626 nm, that confirmed the diagnosis of variegate porphyria.