Browsing by Author "University of the Ryukyus Faculty of Medicine"

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    Adherence to antihypertensive medications in rural Lao PDR: a prospective observational study
    (2021-12-01) Emiri Takahashi; Phoutnalong Vilay; Ketmany Chanthakoummane; Tiengkham Pongvongsa; Sengchanh Kounnavong; Shigeyuki Kano; Jun Kobayashi; Daisuke Nonaka; Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University; Takasaki University of Health and Welfare; Ministry of Health Laos; National Center for Global Health and Medicine; University of the Ryukyus Faculty of Medicine; Savannakhet Provincial Health Department
    Background: Although hypertension is becoming more prevalent among the adult population of the Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR), with a prevalence of approximately 20% in 2013, treatment adherence of patients with hypertension, especially those in rural areas, remains poorly understood. The objective of the present study was to examine the rate of medication adherence to antihypertensive medicines among outpatients with hypertension in rural districts of the Savannakhet. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in Xepon, Phin, and Nong districts. The study population was outpatients aged 18 years or older who were prescribed antihypertensive medicines at three district hospitals between February and August 2017. Data were collected on the first day of treatment (day 0) and the day of follow-up (around day 7) through interviews with the patients and outpatient registration books. The medication adherence rate was determined using the four-item Morisky Medication Adherence Scale. The level of adherence was evaluated by the sum of the scale, with scores ranging from 0 to 4 points. The adherent group, namely those with a score of 0, and the non-adherent group, namely those with scores of 1 to 4 points, were compared. Fisher’s exact test was used to identify factors associated with medication adherence. Results: Of the 68 patients examined, 38.2% newly began treatment. Half of the patients (n = 34, 50.0%, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.62) adhered to medication instructions. The adherent group was more likely to have received written instructions when prescribed medication, compared to the non-adherent group (79.4% vs 55.9%, p = 0.068). Those who perceived that hypertension needs lifelong treatment were significantly more likely to adhere to the medication regimen (p = 0.028). Conclusions: Medication adherence was present among 50% of outpatients with hypertension who visited a district hospital. Therefore, providing written instructions to patients would be effective for improving medication adherence.
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    Mapping human genetic diversity in Asia
    (2009-12-11) Mahmood Ameen Abdulla; Ikhlak Ahmed; Anunchai Assawamakin; Jong Bhak; Samir K. Brahmachari; Gayvelline C. Calacal; Amit Chaurasia; Chien Hsiun Chen; Jieming Chen; Yuan Tsong Chen; Jiayou Chu; Eva Maria C. Cutiongco-de La Paz; Maria Corazon A. De Ungria; Frederick C. Delfin; Juli Edo; Suthat Fuchareon; Ho Ghang; Takashi Gojobori; Junsong Han; Sheng Feng Ho; Boon Peng Hoh; Wei Huang; Hidetoshi Inoko; Pankaj Jha; Timothy A. Jinam; Li Jin; Jongsun Jung; Daoroong Kangwanpong; Jatupol Kampuansai; Giulia C. Kennedy; Preeti Khurana; Hyung Lae Kim; Kwangjoong Kim; Sangsoo Kim; Woo Yeon Kim; Kuchan Kimm; Ryosuke Kimura; Tomohiro Koike; Supasak Kulawonganunchai; Vikrant Kumar; Poh San Lai; Jong Young Lee; Sunghoon Lee; Edison T. Liu; Partha P. Majumder; Kiran Kumar Mandapati; Sangkot Marzuki; Wayne Mitchell; Mitali Mukerji; Kenji Naritomi; Chumpol Ngamphiw; Norio Niikawa; Nao Nishida; Bermseok Oh; Sangho Oh; Jun Ohashi; Akira Oka; Rick Ong; Carmencita D. Padilla; Prasit Palittapongarnpim; Henry B. Perdigon; Maude Elvira Phipps; Eileen Png; Yoshiyuki Sakaki; Jazelyn M. Salvador; Yuliana Sandraling; Vinod Scaria; Mark Seielstad; Mohd Ros Sidek; Amit Sinha; Metawee Srikummool; Herawati Sudoyo; Sumio Sugano; Helena Suryadi; Yoshiyuki Suzuki; Kristina A. Tabbada; Adrian Tan; Katsushi Tokunaga; Sissades Tongsima; Lilian P. Villamor; Eric Wang; Ying Wang; Haifeng Wang; Jer Yuarn Wu; Huasheng Xiao; Shuhua Xu; Jin Ok Yang; Yin Yao Shugart; Hyang Sook Yoo; Wentao Yuan; Guoping Zhao; Bin Alwi Zilfalil; University of Malaya; Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology India; Mahidol University; Thailand National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology; University of the Philippines Diliman; Institute of Biomedical Sciences Academia Sinica Taiwan; Genome Institute of Singapore; Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences; University of the Philippines Manila; Research Organization of Information and Systems; National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology; National Engineering Center for Biochip at Shanghai; School of Medical Sciences - Universiti Sains Malaysia; Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai; Tokai University School of Medicine; Fudan University; Korea National Institute of Health; Chiang Mai University; Thermo Fisher Scientific; Veracyte, Inc.; Soongsil University; Eulji University; University of Tokyo; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine; DSO National Laboratories; Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata; Eijkman Institute for Molecular Biology; Experimental Therapeutics Centre; Nanyang Technological University School of Computer Engineering; University of the Ryukyus Faculty of Medicine; Thailand National Science and Technology Development Agency; Monash University Malaysia; RIKEN Genomic Sciences Center; Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences; National Institute of Mental Health; Health Sciences University of Hokkaido
    Asia harbors substantial cultural and linguistic diversity, but the geographic structure of genetic variation across the continent remains enigmatic. Here we report a large-scale survey of autosomal variation from a broad geographic sample of Asian human populations. Our results show that genetic ancestry is strongly correlated with linguistic affiliations as well as geography. Most populations show relatedness within ethnic/linguistic groups, despite prevalent gene flow among populations. More than 90% of East Asian (EA) haplotypes could be found in either Southeast Asian (SEA) or Central-South Asian (CSA) populations and show clinal structure with haplotype diversity decreasing from south to north. Furthermore, 50% of EA haplotypes were found in SEA only and 5% were found in CSA only, indicating that SEA was a major geographic source of EA populations.