Scopus 2026
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/113786
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Metadata only L2 listening boredom and enjoyment dynamics in EFL learning: Experimental insights via experience sampling method and dynamic structural equation modeling(2026-09-01) Solhi M.; Elahi Shirvan M.; Thumvichit A.; Taherian T.; Solhi M.; Mahidol UniversityAlthough emotions in second or foreign language (L2) learning have received increasing attention, dynamic affective experiences associated with specific language skills such as L2 listening remain underexplored. Grounded in Pekrun's (2006) control-value theory (CVT) of achievement emotions, the present experimental study examined the effects of control-supportive and value-enhancing listening instruction on English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners' listening boredom and enjoyment experiences. Forty-eight learners participated and were assigned to an experimental group (n = 23) and a control group (n = 25). Over eight 45-min sessions conducted across one month, learners in the experimental group engaged in listening tasks designed to enhance perceived control and task value, whereas the control group received teacher-directed and non-intervention listening instruction. An experience sampling method (ESM) design was employed to capture momentary fluctuations in L2 listening boredom and enjoyment. The resulting time-series data were analyzed using dynamic structural equation modeling (DSEM) to disentangle within-person emotional fluctuations from between-person differences over time. Overall, thelearners in the experimental group demonstrated significantly more adaptive emotional trajectories, characterized by reduced boredom and enhanced enjoyment across sessions, compared to their control-group counterparts. These results underscore the importance of perceived control and task value in shaping skill-specific emotional experiences and highlight the pedagogical potential of CVT-informed instructional design for fostering positive emotions in L2 listening classrooms.Item Metadata only Interfacial hydrogen bonding and phase-inversion kinetics drive 3D pore networks in PLA–CNF membranes for dialysis-grade selectivity(2026-09-01) Khan M.J.; Rashid R.; Karim Z.; Pongchaikul P.; Sawatdee S.; Deeleepojananan C.; Botalo A.; Posoknistakul P.; Srifa A.; Samwang T.; Pakawanit P.; Supruangnet R.; Laosiripojana N.; Wu K.C.W.; Sakdaronnarong C.; Khan M.J.; Mahidol UniversityBio-based dialysis membranes could reduce polymer waste and additive leaching risks associated with conventional petroleum-derived dialyzers, but most bio-based systems have not been validated for dialysis permselectivity ( i.e., high passage of uremic toxins with protein retention) nor linked mechanistically to structure formation. Here, we report fully biobased poly(lactic acid)–cellulose nanofiber (PLA–CNF) composite membranes fabricated via scalable casting–phase inversion. CNF loading increased porosity from 58.5% to 75.7% and decreased water contact angle from 116° to 65°, enabling a ∼ 3 × higher water flux from 53.4 to 166.4 L m−2h−1 at 0.5 ± 0.025 bar. In dialysis-mimicking separations, the membranes exhibited remarkably high solute passage, i.e., urea clearance ˃94% and creatinine clearance ˃ 85, with albumin rejection up to 78%. In addition, both pristine and composite membranes were cytocompatible (>85% viability for L929 and Vero cells). These results position PLA–CNF membranes as a sustainable platform for dialyzers and liquid purification modules, with future optimization targeting antifouling/charge-selective interfaces and long-term hemocompatibility under realistic flow regimes.Item Metadata only Anti-carcinoembryonic antigen conjugated resveratrol/sunitinib-loaded polymeric nanoparticles for therapeutic enhancement in colorectal cancer(2026-10-01) Nonsuwan P.; Insawang K.; Niwetbowornchai N.; Taya S.; Srisawat C.; Dana P.; Saengkrit N.; Nguyen T.; Punnakitikashem P.; Nonsuwan P.; Mahidol UniversityColorectal cancer treatment remains limited by poor tumor selectivity, systemic toxicity, and insufficient delivery of combination therapies to three-dimensional tumor-like structures. This study investigates the development and application of anti-carcinoembryonic antigen (anti-CEA) conjugated polymeric nanoparticles co-loaded with sunitinib (SUN) and resveratrol (RSV) for the treatment of colorectal cancer. The nanoparticles, formulated using poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), exhibited favorable physicochemical properties, including a particle size of 207.6 ± 19.0 nm and a negative surface charge of −24.8 ± 0.7 mV. The nanoparticles exhibited controlled and sustained drug release, enabling the prolonged therapeutic efficacy of SUN and RSV. Functionalization with anti-CEA antibodies enabled selective targeting of colorectal cancer cells, as demonstrated by enhanced internalization in HCT-116 cells with high CEA expression. Consistent with this targeting effect, the anti-CEA-conjugated nanoparticles achieved a 29% relative reduction in cell viability against HCT-116 cells compared to non-targeted counterparts in two-dimensional cultures. Furthermore, the SUN and RSV combination exhibited potent synergistic effects across three-dimensional spheroid models. The anti-CEA functionalized system proved more effective, reducing spheroid volume and cell viability by 10% and 14%, respectively, compared to the non-targeted nanoparticles. These findings highlight the potential of CEA-targeted polymeric nanoparticles for co-delivery of synergistic anticancer agents, offering a promising strategy for colorectal cancer therapy.Item Metadata only Evidence- and opinion-based consensus from Delphi round 1 of the Asian aplastic anemia recommendation development(2026-01-01) Jang J.H.; Kwong Y.L.; Issaragrisil S.; Hosokawa K.; Yao M.; Chen Y.C.; Mun Y.C.; Zhang F.K.; Wong L.; Nakao S.; Jang J.H.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Implementing international guidelines for aplastic anemia (AA) in Asia remains challenging due to limited access to advanced diagnostic tools, restricted treatment options, and variation in healthcare policies. This highlights a need for region-specific guidance on the diagnosis and management of AA in Asia. Methods: The Asian Aplastic Anemia Working Group consisted of 10 experts from across Asia (South Korea, Japan, China, Hong Kong, Malaysia, Taiwan, and Thailand) who met virtually twice and developed 16 thematic statements on the diagnosis and management of AA. Using an e-Delphi method, members voted asynchronously on these statements using a 5-point Likert scale. Consensus was predefined as “≥ 80% level of agreement among the Delphi participants.” Results: Sixteen thematic statements and 54 sub-statements were developed. The first three statements addressed AA definition, presentation, and causes; the next four focused on diagnosis and prognosis; and the remaining nine covered management, including clonal evolution, supportive care, and special populations. Fifteen statements reached consensus after the first voting round. However, one statement on the management of severe AA did not achieve consensus in the first round. Conclusion: This e-Delphi method has, for the first time, generated Asian, expert-derived, consensus recommendations for the diagnosis and management of AA.Item Metadata only Factors Associated with Malnutrition in Thai Patients with Heart Failure: A Cross-Sectional Study(2026-01-01) Huayhongtong R.; Poungkaew A.; Sriyuktasuth A.; Huayhongtong R.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Malnutrition is a well-established independent predictor of adverse clinical outcomes and reduced quality of life among patients with heart failure (HF). In middle-income countries such as Thailand, nutritional assessment and management in outpatient HF care remain underprioritized. Objective: To examine the association and predictive contribution of fatigue, constipation, comorbidities, and family support to malnutrition among Thai patients with HF. Methods: A cross-sectional predictive study was conducted among 138 patients with HF attending a tertiary hospital in Thailand. Nutritional status was assessed using the Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF). Fatigue, constipation, comorbidities, and family support were measured using the Piper Fatigue Scale-12, Rome IV criteria, Charlson Comorbidity Index, and Family APGAR, respectively. Binary logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent predictors of malnutrition. Results: Participants had a mean age of 64.77 ± 15.15 years, and 63.0% were male. Overall, 39.9% of participants were malnourished or at risk of malnutrition (28.3% at risk; 11.6% malnourished). All participants reported some degree of fatigue, with 42.7% experiencing moderate-to-severe levels, and 31.2% meeting criteria for constipation. In multivariable analysis, moderate-to-severe fatigue (OR = 5.45, 95% CI 2.33–12.72, p <0.001) and constipation (OR = 4.91, 95% CI 1.88–12.83, p =0.001) were significant independent predictors of malnutrition, collectively explaining 40.5% of the variance (Nagelkerke R2 =0.405). Conclusion: Fatigue and constipation are significant predictors of malnutrition among Thai patients with HF. These findings highlight the importance of routine symptom assessment and early intervention to prevent nutritional deterioration in outpatient HF care.Item Metadata only Use of the "STANDARD G6PDTM" quantitative point-of-care test in neonates and infants(2026-01-01) Gornsawun G.; Moo E.; Htoo K.; Chalermvisutkul S.; Gilder M.E.; Moo P.K.; Archusuksan L.; Prins T.J.; Hanboonkunupakarn B.; McGready R.; Nosten F.; Bancone G.; Gornsawun G.; Mahidol UniversitySevere neonatal hyperbilirubinaemia represents a considerable cause of mortality and long term-morbidity in neonates born in low resource settings. Early identification of risk factors, such as glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) status, has the potential to prevent severe hyperbilirubinaemia and improve the clinical outcomes. The primary aim of the study was to assess equivalency of cord blood and neonatal capillary blood for diagnosis of G6PD deficiency using the quantitative point-of-care "STANDARD G6PDTM" test (SD Biosensor, Korea). The secondary aim was to analyse changes in G6PD activity in the first 4 months of life. A total of 75 neonates born in Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) clinics were selected based on their G6PD status assessed through routine cord blood screening using the "STANDARD G6PDTM" test. Using activity thresholds established before in this setting, 25 G6PD deficient, 25 G6PD intermediate and 25 G6PD normal neonates were identified and re-tested using capillary blood collected within 24 hours of life and at day 7 by both "STANDARD G6PDTM" test and gold standard spectrophotometric assay. They were also followed-up at 1 and 4 months of age to study haematologic and G6PD activity changes over time. The results showed that the "STANDARD G6PDTM" can be used reliably up to one week of life for testing neonates using the same thresholds established in cord blood. Agreement of G6PD activity measured by the point-of-care test as compared to the gold standard spectrophotometry remained excellent at all sampling time-points. Nevertheless, G6PD activity assessed longitudinally in the same participants decreased over time, both at 1 month of age and at 4 months of age, and interpretation of results in female infants with intermediate activity might require different thresholds. The study demonstrated that the "STANDARD G6PDTM" can effectively support clinical care in neonates and infants in populations with prevalent G6PD deficiency at the primary care level and especially in low-resource settings.Item Metadata only Corrigendum to “Tuning co-torrefaction of giant leucaena wood and sugarcane leaf for high-efficiency biocoal production” [Bioresour. Technol. Rep. 35 (2026) 102908](2026-01-01) Parnthong J.; Be C.; Chukaew P.; Sosa N.; Thongkhao K.; Thoai D.N.; Khemthong P.; Kuboon S.; Parnthong J.; Mahidol UniversityThe authors regret that the acknowledgement of financial support from Walailak University under the New Researcher Development Scheme (Contract No. WU67265) was omitted from the original published version of the article. The authors would like to add the following acknowledgement statement: “This work was supported by Walailak University under the New Researcher Development Scheme (Contract No. WU67265)”.Item Metadata only Characteristics, management, and outcomes of segmental and subsegmental pulmonary embolism in ICU patients: A retrospective cohort study(2026-01-01) Kitisin N.; Raykateeraroj N.; Hikasa Y.; Nübel J.; Caroli A.; Eastwood G.; Harman E.; Lussier S.; Adigbli D.; Lewis J.E.; Kutaiba N.; Jones D.; Upala S.; Serpa Neto A.; Kitisin N.; Mahidol UniversityOBJECTIVE: To describe the incidence, management, and outcomes of segmental and subsegmental pulmonary embolism (PE) in intensive care unit (ICU) patients and to explore associations between therapeutic-dose anticoagulation and clinical outcomes. DESIGN: Single-center retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Tertiary academic hospital ICU between January 2019 and June 2025. PATIENTS: Critically ill adults (≥18 years) who underwent computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) during ICU admission and had radiologically confirmed segmental or subsegmental PE.None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Radiology reports of all CTPA examinations performed in ICU-admitted patients were screened to identify the most proximal level of thrombus. Clinical records were reviewed for demographics, illness severity, radiologic characteristics, anticoagulation practice, bleeding, venous thromboembolism (VTE) recurrence, and mortality. Among 896 CTPA examinations performed in 804 patients, 164 examinations (18.3%) identified PE. Of these, 115 scans (12.8% of all CTPAs) demonstrated distal PE only, corresponding to 104 patients (12.9%) (61 segmental, 43 subsegmental). Overall, 96% of patients with distal PE received anticoagulation and 86% of anticoagulated patients received therapeutic-dose regimens. Bleeding occurred in 15% (major bleeding 12%), 90-day VTE recurrence in 7.8%, and 90-day mortality in 24%. No statistically significant association was found between the use of therapeutic-dose anticoagulation and 90-day mortality (adjusted odds ratio [OR], 0.70; 95% CI, 0.21-2.45), bleeding episodes (adjusted OR, 2.34; 95% CI, 0.47-19.2), or VTE recurrence (adjusted OR, 0.69; 95% CI, 0.11-6.22). CONCLUSIONS: In critically ill adults, segmental and subsegmental PE are commonly detected on CTPA and are usually treated with therapeutic-dose anticoagulation. Although VTE recurrence was less frequent than bleeding episodes and mortality, our study did not find a significant association between therapeutic-dose anticoagulation and bleeding episodes, recurrent VTE, or mortality. Larger prospective studies are needed to define optimal anticoagulation strategies for ICU patients with distal PE.Item Metadata only Complementary detection of clinically significant prostate cancer by magnetic resonance imaging fusion-targeted and systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy: influence of prostate-specific antigen and prostate-specific antigen density in a retrospective paired cohort(2026-01-01) Visuthikosol T.; Viseshsindh W.; Visuthikosol T.; Mahidol UniversityBackground Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-targeted biopsy has improved prostate cancer detection, yet the relative diagnostic contributions of MRI-fusion-targeted biopsy and systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided (TRUS) biopsy across prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and PSA density (PSAD) levels remain uncertain. We evaluated the incremental detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) between these techniques. Methods This retrospective single-center paired cohort study included 376 men with biopsy-proven prostate cancer who underwent both MRI fusion-targeted and 12-core systematic TRUS biopsy in the same session for a Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System ≥3 lesion. csPCa was defined as International Society of Urological Pathology Grade Group ≥2. Detection was compared overall and across PSA strata (<4, 4–10, 10.01–20, 20.01–50, >50 ng/mL) and PSAD groups (<0.10, 0.10–<0.15, ≥0.15 ng/mL/cc) using exact McNemar testing on discordant pairs. Results Overall prostate cancer detection was similar between MRI fusion-targeted and systematic TRUS biopsy (318/376, 84.6% vs. 316/376, 84.0%; P = 0.927). csPCa was detected in 226/376 patients (60.1%) by MRI fusion-targeted biopsy and 212/376 (56.4%) by systematic biopsy; 60 MRI-only and 46 systematic-only discordant cases were observed ( P = 0.206). MRI fusion-targeted biopsy showed numerically higher csPCa detection across the intermediate PSA range (4–50 ng/mL), with the largest absolute difference of 9.1 percentage points at PSA 20.01–50 ng/mL ( n = 33); no PSA-stratified comparison reached statistical significance. csPCa detection increased with PSAD for both techniques across all three PSAD strata. Conclusion MRI fusion-targeted and systematic TRUS biopsies were complementary for csPCa detection. MRI fusion-targeted biopsy showed a numerical advantage in the intermediate PSA range, while csPCa detection increased with PSA density for both techniques. These findings support risk-stratified interpretation of biopsy yield and do not support routine omission of systematic cores when MRI-fusion-targeted biopsy is performed.Item Metadata only Epidemiological characteristics of amebiasis in Japan from 2001 to 2022(2026-01-01) Iida K.; Mori H.; Remez D.; Krokva D.; Hadano Y.; Mahittikorn A.; Naito T.; Iida K.; Mahidol UniversityAmebiasis cases in Japan are reported to the government according to the Infectious Diseases Control Law. Previous studies have shown significant reductions in total case numbers after 2018 and during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to clarify the recent trends of amebiasis cases in Japan, including during the pandemic period, with details on places of infection, using government surveillance data from January 1, 2001, to December 31, 2022. Change of time trends were modeled through piecewise mixed-effect regression model with knots set at 2018 and 2020. Year-to-year differences in case numbers were statistically assessed using Poisson regression model. And descriptive analyses of amebiasis cases reported in Japan by sex, age class, and prefecture (from 2001 to 2022) were conducted. Piecewise time trends of male-domestic cases showed increasing trend by 59.5 cases per year (p < 0.0001) before 2008. The trend slowed but still increased during 2008-2018, showing annual increase of 15.2 cases per year (p = 0.0014). A sharp decline occurred during 2018-2020, with cases decreasing by 219.0 cases per year (p < 0.0001). After 2020, the trend did not show statistically significant change (-16.9 cases per year, p = 0.6532). Poisson regression confirmed significant reductions in total and domestic cases between 2017-2018 and 2019-2020, while imported cases declined significantly only between 2019 and 2020. Male cases predominated, with most male cases in their 40s and 50s. Most cases of amebiasis have been reported in metropolitan areas. These results suggest that the decreased case numbers during the COVID-19 pandemic were due to not only the travel ban, but less socioeconomic activity. Furthermore, the epidemiology of amebiasis is similar to that of HIV infection in Japan, but the case numbers of amebiasis have not yet increased through 2022, showing a different trend from HIV infection and syphilis, the reason of which is unclear and needs further investigation.Item Metadata only Anatomical Variations of the Attachment Type of the Long Head of Biceps Brachii Tendon at the Glenoid Labrum in Thais(2026-02-01) Baimai S.; Kaensa C.; Koedpuech K.; Kittiwangchai M.; Submaneeanant P.; Baimai S.; Mahidol UniversityThe long head of the biceps tendon (LHBT) originates from both the supraglenoid tubercle and the superior glenoid labrum. Variations in its attachment are clinically significant, as they influence the pathogenesis of superior labrum anterior posterior (SLAP) lesions and affect outcomes of arthroscopic shoulder procedures. The aim of the study was to identify the anatomical variations of LHBT attachment to the glenoid labrum in Thai cadavers and compare the findings with previous reports. A total of 156 shoulders from 78 embalmed Thai cadavers (43 males, 35 females; mean age 69.41 years) were dissected at the Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University. The type of LHBT attachment was classified according to the system of Vangsness Jr. et al. (1994). In cases where macroscopic identification was unclear, histological sections were examined. Type I (entirely posterior attachment) was the most common, observed in 148 shoulders (94.87 %). Type II (posterior-dominant) occurred in 6 shoulders (3.85 %), while Type III (equal anterior and posterior) and Type IV (anterior-dominant) were each found in one shoulder (0.64 %). The majority of attachments were oriented posteriorly at the 1 o’clock position in left shoulders and the 11 o’clock position in right shoulders. The LHBT in Thai cadavers demonstrates a predominantly posterior attachment pattern to the glenoid labrum, differing from earlier consensus studies. This knowledge may improve arthroscopic diagnosis, surgical planning, and postoperative outcomes in SLAP and Bankart repairs.Item Metadata only Accuracy and Usability of a New Rapid Diagnostic Test for the Diagnosis of Dengue in Vientiane, Laos(2026-07-01) Phimolsannousith V.; Sibounheuang B.; Chanthongthip A.; Vongsouvath M.; Mayxay M.; Mukaka M.; Luangraj M.; Newton P.N.; Ashley E.A.; Hopkins H.; Dubot-Pérès A.; Phimolsannousith V.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: An estimated 390 million dengue virus (DENV) infections occur per year, 70% in the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia. A prototype rapid diagnostic test (RDT) (NS1, immunoglobulin M [IgM]/immunoglobulin G [IgG]; DengueDx, Mologic) was evaluated for accuracy and ease of use for dengue diagnosis at Mahosot Hospital, Vientiane, Lao People’s Democratic Republic. Methods: Five hundred twenty-six sera collected in 2017 and 2018 from patients hospitalized with suspected dengue were included. Prototype RDT results were compared to NS1 and IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays and/or real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction as reference assays and to Bioline dengue RDT (NS1, IgM/IgG) as comparator. The accuracy of the image-based result interpretation (RDT scan or photograph) at day 0 and after a delay of 7 days was evaluated. Five technicians were observed when performing RDTs and interviewed on their perception of the ease of use. Results: The overall sensitivity and the sensitivity for NS1 detection alone were significantly lower for the prototype RDT (65.2% [95% confidence interval {CI}, 59.3%–70.8%] and 44.6% [95% CI, 38.0%–51.4%], respectively) than for the Bioline RDT (76.7% [95% CI, 69.1%–83.2%], z-test P = .014; and 66.7% [95% CI, 57.5%–75.0%], z-test P < .001, respectively). The positive predictive value of the prototype RDT for detection of NS1 was >90%. Only half of the positive results were found positive when reading results from images. Correlation of >98% for positive results was obtained between reading at day 0 and reading at day 7. During ease of use assessment, when performing the Bioline RDTs the participants made fewer errors and were more satisfied than when performing the prototype RDTs. Conclusions: Improvement in test sensitivity and in device design would adapt the prototype RDT for Laos and similar contexts. Optimization of the prototype RDT is warranted and further evaluation in different healthcare settings would provide a more accurate estimation of the value of this RDT for dengue surveillance in remote areas.Item Metadata only Technological and pedagogical perspectives on Sea Waves Dance: performance practice and orchestral writing in a contemporary Chinese saxophone concerto(2026-08-01) Xu G.; Sookjaeng A.; Xu G.; Mahidol UniversityIn modern China, symphonic composition increasingly integrates Western orchestral techniques with local cultural narratives, reflecting efforts to build culturally distinct artistic identities in contemporary concert music. Although the repertoire of contemporary Chinese orchestral music is expanding, limited academic research has focused on newly composed saxophone concertos, particularly those embedded within large-scale symphonic works. Specifically, one of the most important pieces of contemporary Chinese symphonic and saxophone repertoire, the seventh movement of the symphonic suite Symphony of Mountains and Seas (Zheng Bing), titled Sea Waves Dance, has received limited analytical attention. This study examines the musical structure, orchestration, and cultural context of Sea Waves Dance, as well as their implications for saxophone performance practice. The study adopts a qualitative methodology combining score analysis with interpretative and performance-based approaches. The analysis addresses instrumentation, formal design, melodic and harmonic development, and orchestral texture. The findings reveal an integration of Chinese programmatic themes with Western symphonic techniques, alongside significant technical and interpretive challenges for performers. These findings contribute to contemporary musicological discourse and offer practical implications for saxophone performance within modern Chinese orchestral repertoire.Item Metadata only Spatiotemporal differentiation of Plasmodium vivax populations in the western Greater Mekong Subregion using a 22-SNP barcode(2026-06-01) Wu Z.; Zeng W.; Brashear A.M.; Wu Y.; Wang L.; Soe M.T.; Aung P.L.; Sattabongkot J.; Kyaw M.P.; Yang Z.; Cao Y.; Zheng L.; Cui L.; Zhao Y.; Wu Z.; Mahidol UniversityBACKGROUND: A high-resolution molecular tool for tracking and differentiating closely-related Plasmodium vivax populations is critically needed. This study aimed to develop and validate a novel single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) barcode to monitor the progress of malaria elimination in the Great Mekong Subregion (GMS). METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: A total of 210 P. vivax clinical samples were collected across four time points in three international border areas: China-Myanmar border, Thailand-Myanmar border, and Bangladesh-Myanmar border. Parasites were genotyped at 36 SNPs using MassARRAY technology (Sequenom), with Sanger sequencing validation for low-efficiency loci. The complexity of infection (COI) was estimated via a maximum likelihood approach implemented in COIL, while genetic diversity metrics were computed in GenAIEx version 6.5. Population differentiation was assessed through molecular variance analysis, Mantel rank test, and pairwise FST estimation. Genetic structure was resolved using principal component analysis, phylogenetic analysis, and ADMIXTURE. 198 samples were successfully genotyped at 22 validated SNPs, revealing 37.9% polyclonal infections. The proportion of polyclonal infections differed significantly among the five P. vivax populations (P = 0.0001, Pearson Chi-square test, χ2 = 23.15), with 2020 CMB samples having the highest proportion (56.1%). The average COI was highest in BMB parasites (1.109 ± 0.007). The TMB 2018 samples exhibited the maximal nucleotide diversity (π = 0.342 ± 0.033) and expected heterozygosity (He = 0.325 ± 0.04). The P. vivax populations from the western GMS showed significantly reduced genetic diversity in recent years compared to earlier timepoints (0.372 ± 0.009 vs. 0.426 ± 0.009; P < 0.0001, Student's t-test). Pairwise FST values indicated moderate to high genetic differentiation (0.165 - 0.417) across nine population pairs, except for the temporally proximal CMB populations, which showed low differentiation. Structure analysis consistently resolved three discrete genetic clusters corresponding to CMB, TMB, and BMB parasite populations. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: This 22-SNP barcode provides a high-resolution genotyping tool capable of differentiating P. vivax parasite infections from the western GMS. Our data demonstrate that sustained malaria control interventions drive the fragmentation of P. vivax populations into genetically distinct transmission foci, creating opportunities for elimination strategies in border hotspots.Item Metadata only Prevalence and prognostic impact of unrecognized myocardial infarction detected by cardiac magnetic resonance in Thai patients with obesity(2026-01-01) Chayanopparat P.; Siriphiphatcharoen P.; Laohabut I.; Ruengchaisiwawaith T.; Kaolawanich Y.; Chayanopparat P.; Mahidol UniversityBACKGROUND: Unrecognized myocardial infarction (UMI) is associated with adverse outcomes and may occur in patients with obesity, who are at increased cardiovascular risk. Although cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) enables accurate detection of UMI, prognostic data in patients with obesity remain limited, particularly in Asian populations. This study evaluated the prevalence and prognostic impact of CMR-detected UMI in Thai patients with obesity. METHODS: This cohort study included 1,053 patients with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2, without a prior diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI) or coronary revascularization (mean age, 67 ± 11 years; 71.3% grade 1 and 28.7% grade 2 obesity), who underwent CMR at an academic hospital in Thailand between 2014 and 2016. The most common indication was suspected coronary artery disease (78.3%). UMI was identified using late gadolinium enhancement imaging. Patients were followed for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, nonfatal MI, or hospitalization for heart failure. RESULTS: UMI was identified in 105 patients (9.9%). During a median follow-up of 9.2 (5.2-10.2) years, patients with UMI had a significantly higher rate of MACE compared with those without UMI (2.58 vs. 0.89 per 100 patient-years; HR, 2.86; 95% CI, 1.68-4.88; p < 0.001). In multivariable analysis, age, diabetes, cigarette smoking, history of heart failure, LVEF, and UMI were independently associated with MACE. The presence of UMI provided incremental prognostic value beyond traditional risk factors (Δχ2 = 22.43; p < 0.001). Across all subgroups defined by age, sex, obesity grade, diabetes status, symptoms, LVEF, and myocardial ischemia, UMI was consistently associated with higher risks of MACE, with no significant interactions observed (all p for interaction>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In Thai patients with obesity undergoing CMR, the prevalence of UMI was 9.9% and was independently associated with MACE, providing incremental prognostic value. These findings suggest that CMR-detected UMI may play a role in risk stratification in this population.Item Metadata only Genetic determinants of gestational diabetes mellitus in thai pregnant women: role of GCKR, CDKAL1, TCF7L2, NEDD1, and CMIP variants(2026-01-01) Suthon S.; Angkatavanich W.; Mohamud S.H.; Innang S.; Songlilitchuwong S.; Teerawattanapong N.; Narkdontri T.; Boriboonhirunsarn D.; Tangjittipokin W.; Suthon S.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) has a high global prevalence and arises from complex interactions between genetic predisposition and environmental factors. GDM is associated with metabolic disturbances and chronic low-grade inflammation, both of which contribute to its pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the association between GDM and 135 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) across 20 genes related to metabolic traits. Methods: In this case–control study, 152 pregnant women with GDM and 684 pregnant women with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) who underwent antenatal examination at Siriraj Hospital, Bangkok, were enrolled. Clinical data and blood samples were collected from all participants. Genomic DNA was isolated and subjected to whole-genome sequencing using the DNBSEQ-T7RS high-throughput sequencing platform. Genotype analyses were performed using R software, and haplotype analyses were conducted using the online SNPStats software. Results: After adjusting for maternal age and pre-pregnancy body mass index, polymorphisms in TCF7L2 (rs34872471, rs7901695, rs4506565, rs7903146, rs12243326, and rs12255372), NEDD1 (rs10431408, rs11830756, rs249579, rs249585, and rs4762339), CMIP (rs2306115 and rs201681534), CDKAL1 (rs4710942), GCKR (rs2293572 and rs2293571), and GCK (rs5883890) were significantly associated with the risk of GDM. Haplotype analysis demonstrated that the TCF7L2 rs12243326-rs12255372 CA haplotype was associated with a decreased risk of GDM (OR = 0.44, 95% CI: 0.23–0.81), while the NEDD1 rs249579-rs249585-rs4762339 GGT haplotype was associated with an increased risk of GDM (OR = 1.40, 95% CI: 1.08–1.82). Conclusions: These findings suggest that genetic variations in TCF7L2, NEDD1, CMIP, CDKAL1, GCK, and GCKR contribute to GDM susceptibility in the Thai population.Item Metadata only Dermographometer assessment in children with urticaria(2026-08-01) Suksai P.; Sawatchai A.; Kiewngam P.; Jotikasthira W.; Kanchongkittiphon W.; Manuyakorn W.; Suksai P.; Mahidol UniversityBackground Symptomatic dermographism (SD) is the most common subtype of chronic inducible urticaria, yet its prevalence and clinical relevance in pediatric urticaria remain incompletely characterized. Objective assessment of SD and its relationship with disease activity in children is limited. Methods In this prospective observational study, children aged 1–18 years with acute or chronic urticaria were enrolled at a tertiary care center. Dermographometer testing using FricTest® 4.0 was performed at baseline and repeated after 6 weeks. SD was defined as a wheal diameter ≥3 mm with pruritus at 10 min after provocation. Disease activity and control were assessed using the Urticaria Activity Score over 7 days (UAS7) and the Urticaria Control Test (UCT). Results A total of 144 children (median age 9 years; 49.3% male) were included, of whom 79.2% had chronic urticaria. SD was identified in 24.3% of patients, with similar prevalence between acute and chronic urticaria. Children with SD were older and more frequently reported skin stroking or scratching as a trigger (p < 0.001). Dermographometer wheal diameter correlated with UAS7 (r = 0.33, p < 0.001). Lower dermographometer thresholds and more positive FricTest pins were associated with greater disease activity. At 6-week follow-up, children with SD showed improved dermographometer responses but were less likely to achieve well-controlled disease. SD at presentation was more frequent among children who progressed to chronic urticaria. Conclusion SD is common in pediatric urticaria and is associated with higher disease activity and poorer short-term disease control. Dermographometer-based provocation testing may complement patient-reported outcome measures.Item Metadata only Binding specificity of HuScFv to cholangiocarcinoma cells; New avenues for diagnosis and treatment(2026-06-01) Sawatpiboon N.; Chulanetra M.; Chaicumpa W.; Duang sa-ard S.; Kasetsinsombat K.; Wongkajornsilp A.; Sawatpiboon N.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a very aggressive cancer of the bile ducts. Recent advances in immunotherapy, particularly with human single-chain variable fragments (HuScFv), have shown promise in the treatment of solid tumors by targeting cancer cells or improving the immune response. Objective: This study aimed to select and produce human single-chain antibody fragments (HuScFv) specific to CCA cells (HubCCA1, RMCCA) from phage display HuScFv libraries with minimum or no binding to cholangiocytes (MMNK1). Methods: Phages that displayed HuScFv to CCA cells were selected by bio-panning and each phagemid was transduced to HB2151 E. coli. The presence of huscfv was determined by direct colony PCR. HuScFv was produced in the E. coli and detected by Western blot analysis and confirmed their specificity and binding capacity to CCA by flow cytometry. Results: From biopanning, 196 of 350 colonies (56%) of HB2151 E. coli harboring the huscfv gene, and 106 of these (30%) produced the protein. Flow cytometry testing with 14 clones confirmed the presence of the HuScFv protein. The result showed that five HuScFv clones (25, 33, 61, 68, and 80) exhibited stronger binding to CCA cell lines (HubCCA1, RMCCA) compared to cholangiocytes. Furthermore, each clone possessed a distinct amino acid sequence, suggesting unique binding specificities. Conclusion: HuScFv specific to CCA cells were successfully selected from phage display HuScFv libraries which offer new revenues to develop a pan-CCA immunotherapy and diagnosis of CCA.Item Metadata only Digital technology use for social cohesion among older adults in rural Myanmar during the civil war: barriers and coping strategies(2026-12-01) Awng R.H.; Dang T.N.H.; Tharawan K.; Awng R.H.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Population ageing in Myanmar is occurring amid prolonged political instability and civil war, exacerbating social isolation and vulnerabilities among older adults, particularly in rural areas. While digital technologies have the potential to support social cohesion, little is known about how older adults in conflict-affected rural Myanmar access and use these tools, the barriers they face, and the strategies they adopt to cope with digital exclusion. Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in rural communities in Kayin State, southeastern Myanmar. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 older adults aged 60 years and above in rural Kayin State, Myanmar. Due to security concerns in the conflict setting, all interviews were conducted online via Zoom. Guided by the Socioecological Model and Stress and Coping Theory, data were thematically analyzed to explore patterns of digital technology use, multi-level barriers, and coping strategies related to social connection during the ongoing civil war. Results: Older adults primarily used mobile phones and social media platforms especially Facebook to maintain contact with family members, access information, and support emotional well-being during periods of conflict. These technologies facilitated intergenerational communication, reduced feelings of isolation, and enabled access to timely information related to security and daily living. However, their contribution to social cohesion was often limited by significant barriers, including low digital literacy, financial constraints, unstable electricity and internet connectivity, age-related physical limitations, and concerns about surveillance and phone signal and internet restrictions following the 2021 military coup. Despite these challenges, participants adopted adaptive coping strategies such as relying on family support, sharing devices, and selectively using familiar or low-cost platforms, relocating to access the signals, and adjusting communication practices to avoid surveillance risks. Conclusion: Digital technologies provide a limited but meaningful contribution to sustaining social cohesion among older adults in rural, conflict-affected Myanmar by supporting communication, emotional connection, and access to information. However, their contribution remains uneven, as structural inequalities, political constraints, and infrastructural limitations continue to restrict equitable access. Addressing these challenges requires context-sensitive, age-appropriate digital inclusion strategies, alongside sustained investments in rural connectivity and community-based support, to strengthen social connectedness and well-being among older adults in protracted crisis settings.Item Metadata only Translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation study of health instruments in Bangla: protocol for a systematic review of adherence to international standards(2026-07-06) Noor I.N.; Islam N.; Alam S.; Rahman Z.S.; Al Rakib M.M.N.; Samad Deepa S.; Parag D.D.D.; Rahman M.M.; Noor I.N.; Mahidol UniversityINTRODUCTION: To preserve the validity and reliability of health instruments like patient-reported outcome measures across linguistic and cultural contexts, translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation must be conducted using standardised, rigorous methodologies. Although international standards proposed by the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) and the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) are available, adherence to these guidelines in Bangla-language instrument studies has not been systematically evaluated. This systematic review aims to identify, synthesise and critically appraise Bangla-language translation, cross-cultural adaptation and psychometric validation studies of health instruments for adherence to recommended methodological approaches, translation and cross-cultural adaptation guidelines and psychometric properties. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: In this study, we will search three databases, including Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed and EMBASE via Ovid, from 1 February 2026 to 1 March 2026 to retrieve published articles on translation, adaptation and psychometric validation of health-related instruments into Bangla. Two reviewers will independently conduct title and abstract screening, full-text eligibility assessment, data extraction, evaluation of translation and cross-cultural adaptation quality and assessment of psychometric properties. The certainty of evidence will be graded. Disagreements will be resolved by consensus, with the consultation of a third reviewer when necessary. Methodological quality and psychometric properties will be assessed based on the COSMIN Risk of Bias (RoB) checklist and COSMIN standards. Evaluation of translation and cross-cultural adaptation will be based on the extended ISPOR guideline. COSMIN-Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach will be used to rate the certainty of evidence. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study is a systematic review protocol, exclusively on published literature and publicly available data, and does not involve direct interaction with human participants or the collection of individual participant-level data. Therefore, ethical approval is not applicable. We expect to share our findings through national and/or international platforms. Moreover, the results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. We anticipate that the result of this study will contribute to recommending a standardised roadmap for researchers, especially for conducting translation, validation and cross-cultural adaptation studies of health-related instruments in Bangla. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD420251250949.