Scopus 2026
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/113786
Browse
Recent Submissions
Item Metadata only Correction to: Outcomes of Multidisciplinary and Evidence-Based Management of Chronic Limb Threatening Ischemia Patients: The Impacts of Protocol-Based Care Processes(2026-01-01) Hahtapornsawan S.; Piancharoensin R.; Wanitkun N.; Hongku K.; Puangpunngam N.; Hahtapornsawan S.; Mahidol UniversityItem Metadata only Impact of alcohol excise taxation and structural reforms on per capita consumption in Thailand, 1995–2021: an interrupted time-series analysis(2026-04-01) Zayar N.N.; Vichitkunakorn P.; Aekplakorn W.; Chaiyasong S.; Correia D.; Hassan A.S.; Htet K.K.K.; Nontarak J.; Patanavanich R.; Rovira P.; Shield K.; Sornpaisarn B.; Saengow U.; Wichaidit W.; Assanangkornchai S.; Rehm J.; Zayar N.N.; Mahidol UniversityBackground Alcohol taxation is a highly effective alcohol control policy, but adjustments for inflation and affordability are essential to sustain its impact. Between 1996 and 2017, Thailand implemented 11 excise tax increases and two structural reforms. This study examines the combined effects of these changes on alcohol consumption over time. Methods Interrupted time-series analyses, adjusting for autocorrelation and seasonality, were conducted using monthly recorded adult alcohol per capita consumption (APC) data from January 1995 to December 2021. We assessed the impact of tax increase policies that affected more than 15 % of the total alcohol market, and two structural reforms. Increases in 1997–98 were combined due to their temporal proximity. Results Excise tax increases in January 1997, March 2001, and September 2007 were associated with reductions in APC of 9.7 % (95 % CI: 4.1 %, 15.0 %), 4.8 % (95 % CI: -0.9 %, 10.2 %), and 6.7 % (95 % CI: 0.6 %, 12.3 %), respectively. Structural reforms in 2013 and 2017 had on average larger effects, reducing APC by 9.3 % (95 % CI: 1.1 %, 16.8 %) and 23.0 % (95 % CI: 14.5 %, 30.6 %), respectively. Modelling indicates that without these taxation policies, total recorded APC between 1995 and 2021 could have been on average 0.56 litres (L) higher in each year, and 1.99 L higher by 2021. Conclusion Alcohol excise taxation (i.e., excise tax increases and structural reforms) significantly reduced APC in Thailand. Future taxation policies should include automatic adjustments for changes in inflation and/or disposable household income to sustain their long-term public health impact.Item Metadata only A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of olanzapine versus placebo plus ondansetron and dexamethasone for antiemetic prophylaxis in patients receiving oxaliplatin-, irinotecan-, or carboplatin-based chemotherapy(2026-03-01) Harikul W.; Nimmannit A.; Laocharoenkeat A.; Phisalprapa P.; Kositamongkol C.; Thongkijpreecha P.; Ithimakin S.; Harikul W.; Mahidol UniversityPurpose: A two-drug regimen of palonosetron and dexamethasone is standard for moderately emetogenic chemotherapy (MEC), including oxaliplatin and irinotecan. Current guidelines recommend adding an NK1 receptor antagonist for carboplatin-based or MEC in patients with high-risk features. Given the comparable efficacy of olanzapine, this study evaluated the effectiveness of low-dose olanzapine (OLN, 5 mg) combined with ondansetron and dexamethasone in preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). Methods: In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial, patients initiating oxaliplatin-, carboplatin-, or irinotecan-based chemotherapy were randomized 1:1 to receive OLN or placebo on Days 1–4, with ondansetron and dexamethasone. Randomization was stratified by chemotherapy type and high-risk factors (female aged < 50 years). The primary endpoint was total protection (mild/no nausea, no vomiting, and no rescue therapy) within 120 h post-chemotherapy. Secondary endpoints included total control, complete response, nausea/vomiting severity, rescue use, adverse events, and patient satisfaction. Results: Among 139 evaluable patients, 69 received OLN and 70 received a placebo. Total protection was achieved in 71.0% of OLN patients versus 55.7% with placebo (p = 0.06). Total control was significantly higher with OLN (62.3% vs. 38.6%, p = 0.005). Delayed nausea (grade ≥ 2) occurred less frequently with OLN (13.0% vs. 30.0%, p = 0.015). Complete response and rescue use did not differ between groups. Somnolence rates were similar, but anorexia was less familiar with OLN. Notably, 95.6% of OLN patients preferred to continue the same regimen, compared with 72.9% of placebo recipients (p = 0.001). Conclusion: Olanzapine (5 mg) combined with ondansetron and dexamethasone was associated with a moderate improvement in total protection and significant improvements in no-nausea and total control rates.Item Metadata only Phytobiotics as Natural Anesthetics: Applications in Aquaculture Handling and Welfare(2026-01-01) Kashmira Rajesh Palekar G.; Tukaram Kamble M.; Vijay Medhe S.; Ramdas Chavan B.; Vishakha Yeshwant Daunde V.; Kumar A.; Ponpornpisit A.; Pirarat N.; Kashmira Rajesh Palekar G.; Mahidol UniversityThe use of anesthetics in aquaculture is essential for reducing stress and ensuring the welfare of aquatic animals during routine procedures such as handling, transport, tagging, and treatment. With increasing concerns over the safety, cost, and environmental impact of synthetic anesthetics, phytobiotic compounds derived from medicinal plants have emerged as promising natural alternatives. This chapter explores the anesthetic properties of various essential oils and plant-based compounds, their mechanisms of action, species-specific responses, and the advantages they offer in terms of biodegradability, minimal residue, and compatibility with sustainable aquaculture practices. Advances in formulation technologies, including nanoemulsions and lipid-based carriers, have further improved the delivery and efficacy of phytobiotic anesthetics. The chapter also discusses regulatory, ethical, and economic perspectives, highlighting research gaps and priorities for future investigation. Overall, phytobiotics represent a viable and welfare-friendly solution for anesthesia in aquaculture, with growing potential for commercial adoption.Item Metadata only Development of anti-dengue virus D8 neutralizing monoclonal antibody production in Nicotiana benthamiana(2026-03-01) Niyompun G.; Rattanapisit K.; Jaratsittisin J.; Suwanchaikasem P.; Sootichote R.; Sittikul P.; Pitaksajjakul P.; Ramasoota P.; Phoolcharoen W.; Niyompun G.; Mahidol UniversityDengue is a life-threatening mosquito-borne viral disease ranging from mild symptoms to severe hemorrhagic fever. In this study, a recombinant anti-dengue D8 monoclonal antibody was produced in Nicotiana benthamiana and characterized for protein integrity and glycosylation by LC-MS. The plant-derived antibody lacked plant-specific β1,2-xylose and core α1,3-fucose residues, displaying a mammalian-like glycan profile. Functional evaluation showed potent cross-neutralizing activity against all four dengue virus serotypes (DENV1–DENV4), with the strongest activity against DENV4 (FRNT50 ' 1 µg/mL), followed by DENV2 (5.82 µg/mL), DENV3 (9.49 µg/mL), and DENV1 (28.68 µg/mL), comparable to the mammalian-produced counterpart. The antibody also bound strongly to NS1 proteins of all serotypes, especially DENV2, and demonstrated higher reactivity than mammalian-derived anti-NS1 antibodies. Collectively, our results provide proof-of-concept that a glycoengineered plant platform can generate a functional D8 antibody with mammalian-like glycosylation, robust NS1 binding, and cross-neutralizing activity against DENV1–4, prompting further evaluation in Fc-dependent assays and in vivo models.Item Metadata only Hybridization of Sport and Culture in Southeast Asia: The Case of Chinlone(2026-01-01) Jones W.J.; Phakdeewanich T.; Jones W.J.; Mahidol UniversityChinlone is an ancient Burmese ball game that is considered to be the national sport of Myanmar. What makes the sport truly unique is that it is not competitive in nature, and this is a fact that makes it different in comparison to other major ball games. The primary purposes of this paper is to further understand Chinlone’ s history and how it is differentiated by other kickball games of Southeast Asia. During the colonization of Burma by the British, it began to adhere to the more ‘Western idea of sport’, something which was nonexistent in traditional Burmese society. Then, in the postcolonial period, it was used as a nation-building tool by the newly independent Burmese government to instill a sense of national pride and unity amongst the people of Myanmar, and it was during this period that the sport truly went through a process of ‘gamification’ where it was completely changed to resemble a modern sport.Item Metadata only Perioperative Anesthetic Considerations for Head and Neck Free Flap Reconstructions: A Narrative Review(2026-01-01) Dusitkasem S.; Sirimusika T.; Komonhirun R.; Dusitkasem S.; Mahidol UniversityMicrosurgical free flap reconstruction remains the primary standard of care for managing complex defects, following advanced head and neck cancer resections. Although success rates have improved substantially, these complex procedures represent a major challenge to achieve the optimum patient and flap outcomes. Recent advances in preoperative evaluation and anesthetic management focus on patient optimization and perioperative care to maximize free flap survival and reduce complications.Item Metadata only Wound Dressings: Principles and Modern Applications(2026-01-01) Chuangsuwanich A.; Rachata P.; Chuangsuwanich A.; Mahidol UniversityWound healing is an inherently complex biological process, even in healthy individuals. In patients with chronic wounds, especially those with comorbidities such as diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, renal insufficiency or advanced age, this process is often significantly impaired. An appropriate wound dressing plays a crucial role in optimizing the wound environment, promoting healing and preventing further complications.Item Metadata only Clinical pharmacology of antiplatelet drugs: implications for personalized therapy(2026-03-01) Wichaiyo S.; Wichaiyo S.; Mahidol UniversityPurpose: This review describes the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of currently available antiplatelet drugs, with an emphasis on implications for personalized therapy. Methods: Scientific literature published between January 1985 and December 2025 was collected from electronic databases. Primary research papers, reviews, and clinical practice guideline articles were included for discussion. Results: Aspirin and thienopyridine-type adenosine diphosphate (ADP) receptor antagonists (clopidogrel and ticlopidine) irreversibly inhibit their targets throughout the platelet lifespan, but daily dosing is required to inhibit newly formed platelets. In addition, clopidogrel bioactivity is affected by polymorphisms and interactions with cytochrome P450 2C19; while ticlopidine is rarely used due to serious side effects, such as blood dyscrasia. Newer ADP receptor antagonists (prasugrel, ticagrelor, and cangrelor) are more potent than clopidogrel and ticlopidine. Both high-dose aspirin and ADP receptor antagonists are recommended in acute settings, such as acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and acute ischemic stroke, because they are associated with more rapid and potent antiplatelet activity. Moreover, recent evidence based on clinical and pharmacological data suggests that optimization of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) with aspirin and ADP receptor antagonists can enable more effective management of thrombosis. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (cilostazol and dipyridamole) are weaker antiplatelets that are used in combination with aspirin or clopidogrel in secondary stroke prevention. Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors might be considered as adjunct therapy in ACS patients undergoing PCI who present with large thrombus burden. Vorapaxar is a thrombin receptor antagonist; and its slow receptor dissociation rate, coupled with a very long plasma half-life, might increase bleeding risk and limit its clinical use. Conclusion: Overall, the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of antiplatelets strongly support development of personalized antiplatelet therapy to achieve therapeutic outcomes and minimize the risks of unwanted effects.Item Metadata only Current evidence and knowledge gaps in family planning and pregnancy in myasthenia gravis, NMOSD, and MOGAD(2026-03-01) Rotstein D.L.; Alroughani R.; Arrambide G.; Contentti E.C.; Chomba M.; Fujihara K.; Gilhus N.E.; Gouider R.; Heckmann J.M.; Kim H.J.; Li H.F.; Leite M.I.; Monif M.; Siritho S.; Thiel S.; Vishnevetsky A.; Viswanathan S.; Vukusic S.; Yamout B.; Kümpfel T.; Hellwig K.; Rotstein D.L.; Mahidol UniversityMyasthenia gravis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) are antibody-mediated neuroimmune disorders that frequently affect women in their reproductive years and require careful treatment planning around pregnancy. Disease exacerbations (for myasthenia gravis) and attacks (for NMOSD and MOGAD) can occur during pregnancy, are common postpartum, and can cause preventable, long-term maternal disability. Many drug labels are conservative or recommend unnecessary prolonged washouts or avoidance of breastfeeding, creating uncertainty for physicians and patients. This Personal View integrates available evidence on conventional immunosuppressants and biological therapies, including complement inhibition, B-cell depletion, and neonatal Fc receptor blockade. Although data on pregnancy safety for newer treatments are few, preliminary data suggest that selected therapies could be continued during pregnancy to maintain disease stability and are compatible with breastfeeding. We offer expert recommendations for therapy choice, infant vaccinations, and fetal and infant monitoring in myasthenia gravis, NMOSD, and MOGAD.Item Metadata only Innovative Antibacterial Phytobiotics: Mechanisms and Sustainable Strategies for Aquaculture(2026-01-01) Kumar A.; Rodkhum C.; Ramdas Chavan B.; Vijay Medhe S.; Vishakha Yeshwant Daunde V.; Kashmira Rajesh Palekar G.; Singh P.; Tukaram Kamble M.; Pirarat N.; Kumar A.; Mahidol UniversityInnovative antibacterial phytobiotics are gaining prominence as sustainable alternatives to antibiotics in aquaculture. This chapter reviews the chemical diversity, mechanisms, efficacy and application strategies of plant-derived compounds, including essential oils, phenolics, alkaloids, terpenoids, glycosides, and complex extracts—that target major fish pathogens such as Vibrio, Aeromonas, and Streptococcus species. Phytobiotics disrupt bacterial membranes, inhibit quorum sensing, suppress virulent genes, weaken biofilms, and synergize with conventional therapeutics, thereby lowering the risks of antimicrobial resistance and drug residues. Evidence from in vitro assays and feeding trials demonstrates improvements in growth, immune modulation, stress tolerance, and survival across finfish and crustaceans. Delivery platforms range from feed additives and immersion baths to nano-emulsions that enhance stability and bioavailability. The chapter also analyses economic and regulatory drivers, highlights variability and standardization challenges, and outlines future directions in biotechnology, nanoencapsulation, and integrated health management. Collectively, this synthesis positions antibacterial phytobiotics as pivotal tools for biosecure, environmentally responsible aquaculture and underscores the need for multidisciplinary research and robust quality control to translate laboratory successes into commercial practice.Item Metadata only Exploring mobile health applications for infectious disease self-monitoring among travelers: Trends, themes, and future directions(2026-01-01) Rahmasari F.V.; Noviani W.; Damarjati C.; Selvyana D.R.; Sahadewa A.; Huriah T.; Indarwati F.; Agsanie U.; Kusumastiwi T.; Imwong M.; Chan C.M.; Rahmasari F.V.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: The objective of the study is to describe the trend of traveler infectious disease issue, define techniques for including traveler self-monitoring on a mobile application, and offer suggestions for creating traveler infectious disease self-monitoring applications in order to use state-of-the-art research principles. Systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis was conducted using the VOS viewer software analytical tools. The records used in this exploration study were those released between 2018 and 2023 that were collected based on the keywords “travelers’ application,” or “infectious disease”. Database screening yield 4467 results and it analyzed 73 journals from the PubMed database using the descriptive-analytic method. The study on traveler applications on infectious disease revealed four clusters of dominant themes: epidemiological infection disease, mobile health applications, social determinant and impact of mobile app infectious disease. This study also looked at research trends by year. Current research themes concern one practical way to get behavioral and health data from older travelers and people with chronic illnesses who are traveling using a smartphone app. Impact of mobile app infectious disease could lead to a reduction in exposure, an increase in prophylaxis, and a possible lessening of the strain on the healthcare system. The other big concern includes security and privacy of their mobile devices as well as the uniformity of the data source. Through bibliometric analysis and overlay visualization, the researchers summarized seven top articles cited and four big themes research during observation year. These findings could be useful for future research recommendation as quickly evolving subject.Item Metadata only Treatment preferences for comorbid obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (PRO-CON OSA) survey: Patient and provider preferences for CPAP and/or tirzepatide(2026-02-23) Schmickl C.N.; Tripipitsiriwat A.; Mokhlesi B.; Mallampalli M.; Nokes B.; Kundel V.; Page K.; Finch C.; Donovan L.; Tadros M.; Aysola R.S.; Zinchuk A.; Zvenyach T.; Safwan Badr M.; Patel S.R.; Orr J.E.; Owens R.L.; Lindsell C.; Martin J.L.; Malhotra A.; Schmickl C.N.; Mahidol UniversityItem Metadata only Phytobiotics for Sustainable Aquaculture: Innovations, Benefits, and Future Perspectives(2026-01-01) Tukaram Kamble M.; Pirarat N.; Ramdas Chavan B.; Vijay Medhe S.; Tukaram Kamble M.; Mahidol UniversityPhytobiotics for Sustainable Aquaculture: Innovations, Benefits, and Future Perspectives is a comprehensive reference on plant-derived compounds, including herbs, spices, and micro- and macroalgae, as tools for disease management, nutrition, welfare, and sustainability in farmed fish and shrimp. The book covers molecular mechanisms and bioactive properties; demonstrates applications against bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic diseases; and evaluates roles in immune modulation, stress mitigation, growth, and reproduction. It also explores advanced delivery systems—nano- and microencapsulation for controlled and targeted release—and situates phytobiotics within regulatory and environmental frameworks, precision aquaculture, and future therapeutics. Applications include their use as natural anesthetics, functional feed additives, reproductive modulators, and, where appropriate, piscicides. Covers molecular mechanisms, bioactive compounds, and pathogen-management applications of phytobiotics Explores the targeted use of phytobiotics for combating bacterial, viral, fungal, and parasitic infections in aquaculture Discusses the role of phytobiotics in nutrition, stress reduction, and immune enhancement for improved aquaculture health Presents advanced delivery techniques such as nanoencapsulation, microencapsulation, and precision dosing Addresses regulatory challenges, environmental impact, and future innovations in sustainable aquaculture practices This book is useful for researchers, professionals, veterinarians, nutritionists, hatchery managers, policymakers, and advanced students in aquaculture and nutraceutical sciences.Item Metadata only Framework for Function-Based Pesticide Substitution(2026-02-24) Mankong P.; Punyawattoe P.; Brader G.; Prapaspongsa T.; Wannaz C.; Fantke P.; Mankong P.; Mahidol UniversityAgricultural pesticides can harm humans and the environment, with many current-use pesticides being highly hazardous. Substituting hazardous pesticides with less impactful alternatives comes with challenges related to systematically matching crops, pests, and pesticides, considering regulations, equal efficacy, and combining pesticides to collectively control a wider set of pests across critical crop stages. We propose a quantitative framework to define and assess functionally equivalent scenarios for substituting hazardous pesticides in real-life agricultural applications to reduce human and ecosystem health impacts. Testing our framework on pesticide use in Thailand highlights that particularly hazardous pesticides are applied to certain crops (e.g., tomato, Brassica vegetables) and pests (e.g., tomato leaf miner flies, different thrips species). We found that the number of scenarios combining different pesticides is not an indicator of the variability in scenario impacts: some crop–pest class (e.g., insects) pairs with >10,000 possible scenarios of pesticide combinations vary less in impact performance than some pairs with fewer scenarios. For each crop–pest class pair, we recommend the 10% best-in-class impact performance scenarios for substituting more hazardous scenarios. Our framework can inform policymakers to identify hazardous pesticides for phase out, support ambitions of UNEP’s Global Framework on Chemicals, and aid farmers to reduce their pesticide-related chemical footprint.Item Metadata only Efficacy of Statins on Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level Reduction in Thai Patients(2026-02-01) Lertnimittham T.; Sasiprapha T.; Lertnimittham T.; Mahidol UniversityObjective: To evaluate the efficacy of different types and doses of statins on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) reduction in Thai individuals. Materials and Methods: The present study was a real-world, retrospective study conducted at Ramathibodi Hospital in Bangkok, Thailand. The authors reviewed medical records and databases for the period between January 1, 2021 and December 31, 2022. Eligible participants were adults aged 18 years and older who initiated statin therapy during this period. The primary outcome was the percentage reduction in LDL-c levels from baseline to the first follow-up visit, categorized by statin intensity. Results: Four thousand three hundred ninety-four patients were included in the analysis. Simvastatin was the most frequently prescribed statin at 46.9%. The mean percentage reductions in LDL-c were 32.5±14.0% for the low-intensity group, 38.7±16.4% for the moderate-intensity group, and 43.8±18.1% for the high-intensity group. The highest LDL-c reduction within each category was observed with simvastatin 10 mg at 32.9% for low-intensity, rosuvastatin 5 mg at 47.8% for moderate-intensity, and atorvastatin 80 mg at 61.2% for high-intensity. However, the result for atorvastatin 80 mg should be interpreted with caution due to a very small sample size. Conclusion: In the Thai population, low- and moderate-intensity statins achieved LDL-c reductions consistent with guideline recommendations. However, high-intensity statins demonstrated mean reductions below the guideline target of more than 50%.Item Metadata only Clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution: a multicentre cohort study(2026-02-24) Tang G.T.; Triwongwaranat D.; De Souza Teixeira M.; Gavazzoni Dias M.F.R.; Harries M.; Holmes S.; Suchonwanit P.; Saceda-Corralo D.; Boyle A.; Wall D.; Sinclair R.; Gil-Redondo R.; Vañó-Galván S.; Asfour L.; Khobzei K.; Muttoni E.; Nirenberg A.; Bhoyrul B.; Tang G.T.; Mahidol UniversityBACKGROUND: Fibrosing alopecia in a pattern distribution (FAPD) is a lymphocytic primary cicatricial alopecia first described in 2000. However, to date, the FAPD literature remains sparse. OBJECTIVES: To identify clinicopathological features and treatment outcomes of FAPD in a large multicentre cohort. METHODS: Patients who had biopsy-proven FAPD were selected from nine specialist hair clinics and were reviewed retrospectively to evaluate the clinical pattern of hair loss, trichoscopic and histopathological features, and response to treatment. RESULTS: Of 110 patients, with a mean age of onset of 52.5 (SD 14.8) years, 94 (85.5%) were women. The most common trichoscopic findings were loss of follicular ostia (97.2%, 103/106) and anisotrichia (97%, 84/87). Histopathological examination revealed perifollicular lymphocytic infiltration in 96.1% (99/103) and concentric lamellar fibrosis in 97% (92/95). After a median duration of treatment of 24 [interquartile range (IQR) 13-50] months, there was stabilization in hair density [median Sinclair grade 3.0 (IQR 3.0-4.0) pretreatment vs. 3.0 (IQR 2.0-4.0) post-treatment, P = 0.62]. Out of the 42 patients who received treatment for ≥ 12 months, 23 achieved stabilization and 16 demonstrated improvement in hair density. CONCLUSIONS: Limitations of the study include its retrospective design and disparate treatments. FAPD may be prone to misdiagnosis because of overlapping clinicopathological features with androgenetic alopecia. A combination of anti-inflammatory (for example, topical corticosteroids) and hair growth-promoting agents (for example, topical or low-dose oral minoxidil) can stabilize the condition or even promote hair regrowth.Item Metadata only Unveiling the Antimalarial Potential of Leaf Extracts of Mussaenda erythrophylla Schum. & Thonn. and Mussaenda philippica Dona Luz x M. flava in Mice(2026-01-01) Chaniad P.; Phuwajaroanpong A.; Plirat W.; Konyanee A.; Viriyavejakul P.; Septama A.W.; Punsawad C.; Chaniad P.; Mahidol UniversityMalaria remains a major global public health concern, particularly in tropical regions. The increasing resistance to the current antimalarial drugs highlights the urgent need for new and effective therapies. Medicinal plants offer a promising source of novel and affordable antimalarial compounds for drug development. This study aimed to evaluate the antimalarial potential and acute oral toxicity of ethanolic leaf extract of Mussaenda erythrophylla Schum. & Thonn. (M. erythrophylla or Dona Trining) and Mussaenda philippica Dona Luz x M. flava (M. philippica or Dona Marmalade). Male Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice were treated with crude extracts at doses of 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg body weight, and the antimalarial activity was assessed using a 4-day suppressive test against Plasmodium berghei ANKA strain. The ethanolic leaf extract of M. erythrophylla exhibited a parasite suppression of 12.31%, 39.59%, and 59.76% at 200, 400, and 600 mg/kg, respectively. Similarly, M. philippica leaf extract suppressed parasitemia by 36.18%, 36.40%, and 71.02% at the corresponding doses. All extract concentrations, except for the 200 mg/kg dose of M. erythrophylla, exhibited higher effects compared to the negative controls (p < 0.05). At a dose of 2000 mg/kg, acute oral toxicity testing revealed no changes in ALT, ALP, BUN, or creatinine levels compared to controls, although AST levels were elevated. This increase was considered a possible mild adaptive response rather than a sign of overt toxicity. No alterations were observed in the physical activity or behavior of the mice, including piloerection, lacrimation, feeding activity, abnormal secretions, sleep patterns, or unusual excitement. Additionally, neither crude extract induced histological alterations in liver or kidney tissues. In conclusion, ethanolic leaf extracts of M. erythrophylla and M. philippica demonstrated promising antimalarial activity and were deemed safe at the tested doses, demonstrating safety up to 2000 mg/kg with only mild AST elevation and no observable histopathological damage. Extending the previous in vitro results of potent antimalarial activity and low cytotoxicity, our in vivo findings strongly support the efficacy and safety of these extracts. Further research is recommended to isolate and identify the active compounds responsible for the observed effects.Item Metadata only Sex differences in the effect of childhood adversity and coping strategies on psychosis expression: A TwinssCan study(2026-01-01) Karaçam Doğan M.; Prachason T.; Fusar-Poli L.; Menne-Lothmann C.; Decoster J.; van Winkel R.; Collip D.; Delespaul P.; De Hert M.; Derom C.; Thiery E.; Jacobs N.; Wichers M.; Rutten B.P.F.; van Os J.; Pries L.K.; Guloksuz S.; Karaçam Doğan M.; Mahidol UniversityBackground: Sex differences in psychosis pathoetiology are insufficiently understood. This study explores how childhood adversity (CA) and coping mechanisms relate to psychosis expression (PE) across males and females in the general population. Method: Data from the TwinssCan project (males: n=312; females: n=478) were used. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire assessed CA domains. The Utrecht Coping List assessed coping strategies. Psychosis expression was assessed using the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE). Mixed linear regression analyses examined sex-stratified associations of CAPE scores with CA, coping strategies, and their interactions. Results: Emotional abuse (EA) was associated with increased total CAPE scores (T-CAPE), explaining the greatest variance among CA across sexes. Sex-specific effects showed that sexual abuse (SA) and physical abuse (PA) were linked to higher T-CAPE in females, whereas physical neglect (PN) was linked to higher T-CAPE in males. Passive-reacting was associated with increased T-CAPE, explaining the greatest variance among coping styles across both sexes. Sex-specific effects showed that, in females, seeking social support was linked to decreased T-CAPE, while emotional expression increased it. The only sex-shared interaction effect was between reassuring thoughts and emotional neglect (EN), associated with decreased T-CAPE. In females, social support (× PA/PN/EA), reassuring thoughts (× PA/PN), and palliative-reacting (× PN/PA) were associated with decreased T-CAPE, while passive-reacting (× EN) increased it. In males, avoidance (× SA/PA) and passive-reacting (× PN) were associated with increased T-CAPE. Conclusion: Sex differences in the associations of PE with CA and coping underscore the necessity for sex-specific interventions that promote adaptive coping strategies.Item Metadata only Phytobiotics in Reproductive Management in Aquaculture: Innovations in Sex Reversal and Control(2026-01-01) Tukaram Kamble M.; Vijay Medhe S.; Ramdas Chavan B.; Himmat Tayade S.; Vishakha Yeshwant Daunde V.; Kashmira Rajesh Palekar G.; Naftal Gabriel N.; Pirarat N.; Tukaram Kamble M.; Mahidol UniversityThe use of synthetic hormones like 17α-methyltestosterone for sex reversal in aquaculture has raised significant environmental and health concerns, prompting the exploration of safer alternatives. Phytobiotics, derived from medicinal plants, offer promising endocrine-modulating properties suitable for sex control in farmed fish species. This chapter reviews the mechanisms by which phytochemicals such as saponins, flavonoids, and steroidal compounds influence sex differentiation pathways. Key findings from laboratory trials and field applications demonstrate the effectiveness of phytobiotics like Tribulus terrestris, Basella alba, Eurycoma longifolia, and Mucuna pruriens in achieving partial or complete masculinization in species including Oreochromis niloticus, Clarias gariepinus, and Poecilia reticulata. Case studies highlight variations in response due to dosage, administration method, timing, and species specificity. Comparative analyses with synthetic hormones reveal that phytobiotics, while sometimes less efficient, offer benefits in terms of safety, biodegradability, and economic viability. The chapter also outlines innovative delivery methods, including encapsulation and nanoformulations, for optimizing bioavailability and palatability. Overall, phytobiotic-based strategies show substantial potential as sustainable and scalable tools for sex control in aquaculture.