Publication: Intrahost modeling of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
Issued Date
2011-01-04
Resource Type
ISSN
10916490
00278424
00278424
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-78651077288
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Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Vol.108, No.1 (2011), 397-402
Suggested Citation
Sompob Saralamba, Wirichada Pan-Ngum, Richard J. Maude, Sue J. Lee, Joel Tarning, Niklas Lindegårdh, Kesinee Chotivanich, François Nosten, Nicholas P J Day, Duong Socheat, Nicholas J. White, Arjen M. Dondorp, Lisa J. White Intrahost modeling of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Vol.108, No.1 (2011), 397-402. doi:10.1073/pnas.1006113108 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/12923
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Title
Intrahost modeling of artemisinin resistance in Plasmodium falciparum
Abstract
Artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria has emerged in western Cambodia. Resistance is characterized by prolonged in vivo parasite clearance times (PCTs) following artesunate treatment. The biological basis is unclear. The hypothesis that delayed parasite clearance results from a stage-specific reduction in artemisinin sensitivity of the circulating young asexual parasite ring stages was examined. A mathematical model was developed, describing the intrahost parasite stage-specific pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic relationships. Model parameters were estimated using detailed pharmacokinetic and parasite clearance data from 39 patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria treated with artesunate from Pailin (western Cambodia) where artemisinin resistance was evident and 40 patients from Wang Pha (northwestern Thailand) where efficacy was preserved. The mathematical model reproduced the observed parasite clearance for each patient with an accurate goodness of fit (rmsd: 0.03-0.67 in log 10 scale). The parameter sets that provided the best fits with the observed in vivo data consist of a highly conserved concentration-effect relationship for the trophozoite and schizont parasite stages, but a variable relationship for the ring stages. The model-derived assessment suggests that the efficacy of artesunate on ring stage parasites is reduced significantly in Pailin. This result supports the hypothesis that artemisinin resistance mainly reflects reduced ring-stage susceptibility and predicts that doubling the frequency of dosing will accelerate clearance of artemisinin-resistant parasites.