Scopus 2011-2015
Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/123456789/8813
Browse
Recent Submissions
Publication Metadata only Detection of global hypermethylation in well-differentiated thyroid neoplasms by immunohistochemical (5-methylcytidine) analysis(2015-01-01) S. Keelawat; P. S. Thorner; S. Shuangshoti; A. Bychkov; N. Kitkumthorn; P. Rattanatanyong; W. Boonyayothin; U. Poumsuk; P. Ruangvejvorachai; A. Mutirangura; Chulalongkorn University; Hospital for Sick Children University of Toronto; University of Toronto; Mahidol University; Chonburi Regional Hospital© 2015 Italian Society of Endocrinology (SIE). Purpose: While global hypomethylation of DNA has been found in several malignancies, studies on thyroid tumours have shown controversial results using different techniques. To help resolve this issue, we assessed methylation status using two different techniques in papillary thyroid carcinomas (PTC) and follicular adenomas (FA) and carcinomas (FTC), comparing adjacent non-neoplastic thyroid tissue. Methods: A series of 15 FA, 18 FTC and 17 PTC were assessed by: (1) measurement of methylation levels of long interspersed nuclear elements (LINE-1) using a combined bisulfite restriction analysis polymerase chain reaction protocol and (2) immunostaining with an anti-5-methylcytidine antibody that detects methylated DNA regardless of the DNA sequence. Immunostaining was scored by image analysis. Results: Methylation levels of LINE-1 in FA, FTC and PTC were not significantly different from adjacent normal tissue. There was no significant difference in methylation levels of LINE-1 between FA, FTC and PTC (p = 0.44). By immunohistochemical staining for methylation, the 5-methylcytidine score was significantly higher in tumours than in normal tissue counterparts, for FA (p < 0.001), FTC (p = 0.04) and PTC (p = 0.02). PTC showed the highest 5-methylcytidine expression amongst all tumours which was significantly different from FTC (p = 0.015), but not FA (p = 0.09). There was no correlation in methylation level between LINE-1 and 5-methylcytidine scores for each group and overall. Conclusions: Well-differentiated thyroid neoplasms (FA, FTC and PTC) were not found by two independent methods to undergo global hypomethylation as part of an oncogenic sequence from normal tissue to carcinoma. Instead, hypermethylation was detected in all types of tumours, implying that this epigenetic event may contribute to oncogenic development of thyroid neoplasms (both benign and malignant).Publication Metadata only Assessment of land use change and sedimentation modelling on environmental health in Tropical river(2015-01-01) Mohd Ekhwan Toriman; Mohd Khairul Amri Kamarudin; Thudchai Sansena; Kampand Bhaktikuld; Roslan Umar; Asyaari Muhamad; Nor Azlina Abd Aziz; Nur Hishaam Sulaiman; Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin; Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia; Geo-Informatics and Space Technology Department Agency; Mahidol University© 2015, Malaysian Society of Analytical Sciences. All rights reserved. Sediments are defined as the organic and inorganic materials or solid fragments derived from the weathering processes of sand, pebbles, silt, mud and loess. The objective of this research is to forecast sediment volume in the Lam Phra Phloeng reservoir by using the Neuro-genetic Optimizer model to calculate the sediment volume from runoff, rainfall, and sediment volume data. The results from satellite imagery interpretation elucidated that from 2002 to 2005, forest area decreased approximately 50,220 km2or 36%, and was converted to agricultural land. By applying the USLE equation, the soil erosion area was found to increase approximately 185,341 tons/year between 2002 and 2005. This result illustrated that the impact of land use change greatly increased sedimentation volume. In applying the Neuro-genetic Optimizer model, the learning rate and momentum of this model was 0.9 and 0.1, respectively, and the initial weight value was +/-3. The model forecasted the annual sediment volume in the Lam Phra Phloeng reservoir in 2005 to be 49,855 tons with R2equals to 0.9994. The regression model, on the other hand, forecasted the sediment volume using the equation Y=198. 48x 1.1783 with R2equals to 0.9974, and the annual sediment volume was estimated to be 45,346 tons. The actual sediment volume in the reservoir in 2005 was obtained from The Royal Irrigation Department, which was found to be 48,697 tons.Publication Metadata only Recent applications of microchip electrophoresis to biomedical analysis(2015-03-20) Nantana Nuchtavorn; Worapot Suntornsuk; Susan M. Lunte; Leena Suntornsuk; Mahidol University; University of Tasmania; King Mongkuts University of Technology Thonburi; University of Kansas Lawrence© 2015 Elsevier B.V.. Many separation methods have been developed for biomedical analysis, including chromatographic (. e.g. high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC)) and electrophoretic methods (. e.g. gel electrophoresis and capillary electrophoresis (CE)). Among these techniques, CE provides advantages in terms of high separation efficiency, simplicity, low sample and solvent volume consumption, short analysis time and applicability to a wide range of biomedically important substances. Microchip electrophoresis (ME) is a miniaturized platform of CE and is now considered as a simpler and more convenient alternative, which has demonstrated potential in analytical chemistry. High-throughput, cost-effective and portable analysis systems can be developed using ME. The current review describes different separation modes and detectors that have been employed in ME to analyze various classes of biomedical analytes (. e.g. pharmaceuticals and related substances, nucleic acids, amino acids, peptides, proteins, antibodies and antigens, carbohydrates, cells, cell components and lysates). Recent applications (during 2010-2014) in these areas are presented in tables and some significant findings are highlighted.Publication Metadata only Exploring the Multiple Functions of Sleeping Sites in Northern Pigtailed Macaques (Macaca leonina)(2015-10-01) Juan Manuel José-Domínguez; Norberto Asensio; Carmen J.García García; Marie Claude Huynen; Tommaso Savini; Universidad de Granada; Mahidol University; Universite de Liege; King Mongkuts University of Technology© 2015, Springer Science+Business Media New York. Sleeping site selection in nonhuman primates may respond to various ecological factors, including predation avoidance, range defense, and foraging efficiency. We studied the sleeping sites used by a group of northern pigtailed macaques on 124 nights to test these hypotheses. The macaques used 57 different sleeping sites, of which 33 were used only once. They rarely used the same site on consecutive nights. These selection patterns are consistent with an antipredatory function, but may also be related to an antipathogenic strategy. Sleeping sites were located principally in the most heavily used areas of the home range and were generally away from areas of intergroup encounters. However, some of the most heavily used sleeping sites were in the area where intergroup encounters occurred, and intergroup encounters at sleeping sites always showed high levels of agonism, indicating possible intergroup competition over sleeping sites. On 77 % of nights, the study group selected the sleeping site nearest to either the last feeding area that day or to the first feeding area used the next morning, suggesting a foraging efficiency strategy. The mean distances from the sleeping site to the last and first feeding area were 227 m and 127 m, respectively, suggesting a multiple central place foraging strategy. The macaques entered sleeping sites a mean of 27 min before sunset and left 24 min after sunrise, and these times varied in line with the seasonal variation, maximizing daily activities. Overall, predator avoidance and food efficiency were the main factors influencing the selection of sleeping sites. Our observations differ from those found in a semiprovisioned group inhabiting the same study site, which used fewer sleeping sites and reused them much more often. This difference highlights the impact anthropogenic activities may have on sleeping site selection and the flexibility of sleeping patterns in a single species. Such flexibility may have helped the tree-to-ground evolutionary transition of sleep habits in primates.Publication Metadata only The data mining applications of shoulder pain patients treatment: Physical therapy equipment usage approaches(2015-08-14) Kittisak Kaewbooddee; Sotarat Thammaboosadee; Waranyu Wongseree; Mahidol University; King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok© 2015 IEEE. The purpose of this paper is to apply the data mining techniques to discover and predict the recovery duration from physical therapy equipment usage patterns based on a classification system and establish selection rules of physical therapy techniques based on the association rule discovery method to support the decision making for physical therapists in the treatment of shoulder pain patients. The prediction system is driven by the usage patterns of physical therapy equipment and the association rule discovering method is applied for studying of the association in the amount of physical therapy equipment. The classification system is experimented and compared among the Naïve Bayes, Neural Network, and Decision Tree. The best result is 91.35% accurate. In addition, we present the association rule discovering method for study the association within equipment usage amount of physical therapy equipment. The best top five interesting rules are demonstrated. Both data mining applications of this research could support the decision making in the treatment of shoulder pain patients.Publication Metadata only Syringe-push membrane absorption as a simple rapid method of urine preparation for clinical proteomics(2015-01-01) Somchai Chutipongtanate; Channarong Changtong; Churat Weeraphan; Suradej Hongeng; Chantragan Srisomsap; Jisnuson Svasti; Mahidol University; Chulabhorn Research Institute; Chulabhorn Graduate Institute© 2015 Chutipongtanate et al. Background: The analysis of urinary proteome might reveal biomarkers of clinical value. However, current methods of urine preparation for down-stream proteomic analysis are complicated, time-consuming, and/or expensive. This study aims to develop a robust, simple, inexpensive and readily accessible urine preparation method to facilitate clinical proteomic workflow. Result: Syringe-push membrane absorption (SPMA) was successfully developed by a combination of 5-ml medical syringe and protein-absorbable membrane. Comparing three membranes i.e., nitrocellulose, polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and Whatman no.1, nitrocellulose combined with SPMA (nitrocellulose-SPMA) provided the greatest quality of proteome profile as demonstrated by 2-DE. The quality of the proteome profile and the performance of nitrocellulose- SPMA were systematically compared with three current methods of urine preparation (i.e., ultrafiltration, dialysis/ lyophilization and precipitation). While different methods of urine preparation provided comparable proteome quality, nitrocellulose-SPMA had better working performance due to acceptable recovery yield, less workload, short working time, high accessibility and low unit cost. In addition, protein absorbed on nitrocellulose harvested from the SPMA procedure could be stored as a dried membrane at room temperature for at least 1-month without protein degradation or modification. Conclusions: SPMA is a simple rapid method of preparing urine for downstream proteomic analysis. Because of it is highly accessible and has long storage duration, this technique holds potential benefit for large-scale multi-center research and future development of clinical investigation based upon urinary proteomic analysis.Publication Metadata only Coronary artery disease in primary biliary cirrhosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies(2015-11-01) Patompong Ungprasert; Karn Wijarnpreecha; Wasin Ahuja; Ittikorn Spanuchart; Charat Thongprayoon; Mayo Clinic; University of Hawaii at Manoa John A. Burns School of Medicine; Mahidol University; Chiang Mai University© 2015 The Japan Society of Hepatology. Aim: To investigate the association between primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) and risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published observational studies that reported relative risks, odd ratios, hazard ratios or standardized incidence ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) comparing CAD risk in patients with PBC versus non-PBC controls. Pooled risk ratios and 95% confidence intervals were combined using a random-effect model and generic inverse variance of DerSimonian and Laird methods. Result: Four studies with 3362 patients with PBC were identified and included in our data analysis. The pooled risk ratio of CAD in patients with PBC was 1.57 (95% CI, 1.21-2.06). The statistical heterogeneity was low with an I2of 38%. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated a statistically significant increased risk of CAD among patients with PBC.Publication Metadata only Plasma adipokine levels in Thais(2015-01-01) Preeya Leelahagul; Somchai Bovornkitti; Mahidol University; Academy of Science© 2015,Allergy and Immunology Society of Thailand. All rights reserved. Objective: To assess three plasma adipokines that might act as biomarkers useful in determining persons exposed to asbestos. Method: Sixty subjects were included in the study, 30 male workers from factories manufacturing cement products using chrysotile asbestos, and 30 volunteer controls comprising 15 men and 15 women. Fasting venous blood specimens were submitted for blood chemistry examination and analysis of plasma levels of three adipokines, i.e. adipsin, adiponectin and resistin. Results: (1) Compared with non-obese subjects, the adiponectin levels were lower in obese subjects, resistin levels were higher, and hemoglobin concentrations were lower. (2) Adipsin levels in the workers were significantly higher than in the controls (p < 0.005), and this difference was not related to body fat. (3) There were no statistically significant differences in adiponectin, resistin, and adipsin levels between the male and female controls. (4) Adiponectin in the male controls was significantly higher than that in the male workers (p <0.05). (5) Female controls had significantly higher percentages of body fat (p < 0.0005) and resistin (p < 0.02) levels than male controls and male workers. (6) A significant negative correlation existed between resistin and hemoglobin levels levels (r= -0.336, p < 0.01). (7) Overall adipsin levels among male workers were significantly higher than among control subjects (p < 0.005); the six workers in whom asbestos bodies (AB) were detected did not have significantly higher levels of adipsin than those of workers without AB having been detected. Conclusions: Although the findings apparently showed higher adipsin levels in the workers, its value as a biomarker for asbestos exposure requires confirmation from studies on a larger group of subjects.Publication Metadata only Plasmodium vivax liver stage development and hypnozoite persistence in human liver-chimeric mice(2015-04-08) Sebastian A. Mikolajczak; Ashley M. Vaughan; Niwat Kangwanrangsan; Wanlapa Roobsoong; Matthew Fishbaugher; Narathatai Yimamnuaychok; Nastaran Rezakhani; Viswanathan Lakshmanan; Naresh Singh; Alexis Kaushansky; Nelly Camargo; Michael Baldwin; Scott E. Lindner; John H. Adams; Jetsumon Sattabongkot; Stefan H.I. Kappe; Seattle Biomedical Research Institute; Mahidol University; University of South Florida Health; University of Washington, Seattle; Pennsylvania State University© 2015 Elsevier Inc. Plasmodium vivax malaria is characterized by periodic relapses of symptomatic blood stage parasite infections likely initiated by activation of dormant liver stage parasites-hypnozoites. The lack of tractable P. vivax animal models constitutes an obstacle in examining P. vivax liver stage infection and drug efficacy. To overcome this obstacle, we have used human liver-chimeric (huHep) FRG KO mice as a model for P. vivax infection. FRG KO huHep mice support P. vivax sporozoite infection, liver stage development, and hypnozoite formation. We show complete P. vivax liver stage development, including maturation into infectious exo-erythrocytic merozoites as well as the formation and persistence of hypnozoites. Prophylaxis or treatment with the antimalarial primaquine can prevent and eliminate liver stage infection, respectively. Thus, P. vivax-infected FRG KO huHep mice are a model to investigate liver stage development and dormancy and may facilitate the discovery of drugs targeting relapsing malaria.Publication Metadata only Global implementation of genomic medicine: We are not alone(2015-06-03) Teri A. Manolio; Marc Abramowicz; Fahd Al-Mulla; Warwick Anderson; Rudi Balling; Adam C. Berger; Steven Bleyl; Aravinda Chakravarti; Wasun Chantratita; Rex L. Chisholm; Vajira H.W. Dissanayake; Michael Dunn; Victor J. Dzau; Bok Ghee Han; Tim Hubbard; Anne Kolbe; Bruce Korf; Michiaki Kubo; Paul Lasko; Erkki Leego; Surakameth Mahasirimongkol; Partha P. Majumdar; Gert Matthijs; Howard L. McLeod; Andres Metspalu; Pierre Meulien; Satoru Miyano; Yaakov Naparstek; P. Pearl O'Rourke; George P. Patrinos; Heidi L. Rehm; Mary V. Relling; Gad Rennert; Laura Lyman Rodriguez; Dan M. Roden; Alan R. Shuldiner; Sukdeb Sinha; Patrick Tan; Mats Ulfendahl; Robyn Ward; Marc S. Williams; John E.L. Wong; Eric D. Green; Geofrey S. Ginsburg; National Human Genome Research Institute; Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB); University of Kuwait; Australian Government; University of Luxembourg; Institute of Medicine - Washington; Intermountain Healthcare; The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine; Mahidol University; Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine; University of Colombo Faculty of Medicine; Wellcome Trust; National Academy of Medicine; Korea National Institute of Health; King's College London; National Health Committee; University of Alabama at Birmingham; Riken; McGill University; University of Tartu; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata; KU Leuven; Moffitt Cancer Center; Genome Canada; Institute of Medical Science The University of Tokyo; Hadassah University Medical Centre; Partners HealthCare; Panepistimion Patron; St. Jude Children's Research Hospital; Carmel Medical Center; Vanderbilt University School of Medicine; University of Maryland School of Medicine; Ministry of Science And Technology, India; Duke-NUS Medical School Singapore; Swedish Research Council; University of Queensland; Geisinger Health System; National University of Singapore; Duke University; Genomics England© 2015, American Association for the Advancement of Science. All rights reserved. Around the world, innovative genomic-medicine programs capitalize on singular capabilities arising from local health care systems, cultural or political milieus, and unusual selected risk alleles or disease burdens. Such individual eforts might beneft from the sharing of approaches and lessons learned in other locales. The U.S. National Human Genome Research Institute and the National Academy of Medicine recently brought together 25 of these groups to compare projects, to examine the current state of implementation and desired near-term capabilities, and to identify opportunities for collaboration that promote the responsible practice of genomic medicine. Eforts to coalesce these groups around concrete but compelling signature projects should accelerate the responsible implementation of genomic medicine in eforts to improve clinical care worldwide.Publication Metadata only Large-scale production and antiviral efficacy of multi-target double-stranded RNA for the prevention of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp(2015-12-01) Thitiporn Thammasorn; Pakkakul Sangsuriya; Watcharachai Meemetta; Saengchan Senapin; Sarocha Jitrakorn; Triwit Rattanarojpong; Vanvimon Saksmerprome; Mahidol University; Chulalongkorn University; National Center of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology; King Mongkuts University of Technology Thonburi© 2015 Thammasorn et al. Background: RNA interference (RNAi) is a specific and effective approach for inhibiting viral replication by introducing double-stranded (ds)RNA targeting the viral gene. In this study, we employed a combinatorial approach to interfere multiple gene functions of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV), the most lethal shrimp virus, using a single-batch of dsRNA, so-called "multi-WSSV dsRNA." A co-cultivation of RNase-deficient E. coli was developed to produce dsRNA targeting a major structural protein (VP28) and a hub protein (WSSV051) with high number of interacting protein partners. Results: For a co-cultivation of transformed E. coli, use of Terrific broth (TB) medium was shown to improve the growth of the E. coli and multi-WSSV dsRNA yields as compared to the use of Luria Bertani (LB) broth. Co-culture expression was conducted under glycerol feeding fed-batch fermentation. Estimated yield of multi-WSSV dsRNA (μg/mL culture) from the fed-batch process was 30 times higher than that obtained under a lab-scale culture with LB broth. Oral delivery of the resulting multi-WSSV dsRNA reduced % cumulative mortality and delayed average time to death compared to the non-treated group after WSSV challenge. Conclusion: The present study suggests a co-cultivation technique for production of antiviral dsRNA with multiple viral targets. The optimal multi-WSSV dsRNA production was achieved by the use of glycerol feeding fed-batch cultivation with controlled pH and dissolved oxygen. The cultivation technique developed herein should be feasible for industrial-scale RNAi applications in shrimp aquaculture. Interference of multiple viral protein functions by a single-batch dsRNA should also be an ideal approach for RNAi-mediated fighting against viruses, especially the large and complicated WSSV.Publication Metadata only Global, regional, and national consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, fruit juices, and milk: A systematic assessment of beverage intake in 187 countries(2015-08-05) Gitanjali M. Singh; Renata Micha; Shahab Khatibzadeh; Peilin Shi; Stephen Lim; Kathryn G. Andrews; Rebecca E. Engell; Majid Ezzati; Dariush Mozaffarian; Saman Fahimi; John Powles; Ibrahim Elmadfa; Mayuree Rao; Pattra Wirojratana; Pamela A. Abbott; Morteza Abdollahi; Enrique Abeyá Gilardon; Habibul Ahsan; Mohannad Abed Alfattah Al Nsour; Suad N. Al-Hooti; Carukshi Arambepola; Hubert Arennes; Simon Arquera; Ana Aylin; Wulf Becker; Peter Bjerregaard; Lesley T. Bourne; Neville Calleja; Mario V. Capanzana; Katia Castetbon; Hsing Yi Chang; Yu Chen; Melanie J. Cowan; Stefaan De Henauw; Eric L. Ding; Charmaine A. Duante; Pablo Duran; Heléne Enghardt Arbieri; Farshad Farzadfar; Dulitha N. Fernando; Aida Filipovic Hadziomeragic; Regina M. Fisberg; Simon Forsyth; Didier Garriguet; Jean Michel Gaspoz; Dorothy Gauci; Brahmam N.V. Ginnela; Idris Guessous; Martin C. Gulliford; Wilbur Hadden; Christian Haerpfer; Daniel J. Hoffman; Anahita Houshiar-Rad; Inge Huybrechts; Nahla C. Hwalla; Hajah Masni Ibrahim; Manami Inoue; Maria D. Jackson; Lars Johansson; Lital Keinan-Boker; Cho Il Kim; Eda Koksal; Hae Jeung Lee; Yanping Li; Nur Indrawaty Lipoeto; Guansheng Ma; Guadalupe L. Mangialavori; Yasuhiro Matsumura; Stephen T. McGarvey; Mei Fen Chan; Gert B.M. Mensink; Rafael A. Monge-Rojas; Abdulrahman O. Musaiger; Nagalla Balakrishna; Androniki Naska; Marga C. Ocke; Maciej Oltarzewski; Philippos Orfanos; Marja Leena Ovaskainen; Wen Harn Pan; Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos; Gulden A. Pekcan; Stefka Petrova; Noppawan Piaseu; Christos Pitsavos; Luz Gladys Posada; Leanne M. Riley; Luz Maria Sánchez-Romero; Rusidah B.T. Selamat; Sangita Sharma; Abla Mehio Sibai; Rosely Sichieri; Chansimaly Simmala; Laufey Steingrimsdottir; Gillian Swan; Elzbieta Halina Sygnowska; Lucjan Szponar; Tufts University; Harvard School of Public Health; University of Washington, Seattle; Imperial College London; Geoponiko Panepistimion Athinon; University of Cambridge; Universitat Wien; The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University; African Leaders Malaria Alliance; University of Aberdeen; National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; Ministerio de Salud; University of Chicago; Eastern Mediterranean Public Health Network (EMPHNET); Kuwait Institute for Scientific Research; University of Colombo Faculty of Medicine; Institut Francophone pour la Médecine Tropicale; Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica; University of Michigan, Ann Arbor; National Food Agency; Statens Institut for Folkesundhed; South African Medical Research Council; Department of Health Information and Research; Food and Nutrition Research Institute Manila; Institut de Veille Sanitaire; National Health Research Institutes Taiwan; NYU School of Medicine; Universiteit Gent; Harvard Medical School; Ministerio de Salud de la Nación (National Health Ministry; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Institute of Public Health of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina; Universidade de Sao Paulo - USP; University of Queensland; Hopitaux universitaires de Geneve; National Institute of Nutrition India; King's College London; Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey; Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences; American University of Beirut; Ministry of Health; National Cancer Center Tokyo; University of the West Indies; Israel Ministry of Health; Korea Health Industry Development Institute; Gazi Universitesi; Universitas Andalas; Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Bunkyo University; Brown University; Robert Koch Institut; Costa Rican Institute for Research and Education and Nutrition and Health (INCIENSA); Arab Center for Nutrition; University of Athens Medical School; National Institute of Public Health and the Environment; National Food and Nutrition Institute; National Institute for Health and Welfare; Harokopio University; Hacettepe Universitesi; National Center of Public Health and Analyses; Mahidol University; Universidad de Antioquia; Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia; Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro; Institut of Tropical Medecin; National Institute of Cardiology; University of Athens© 2015 Singh et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. Background Sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), fruit juice, and milk are components of diet of major public health interest. To-date, assessment of their global distributions and health impacts has been limited by insufficient comparable and reliable data by country, age, and sex. Objective To quantify global, regional, and national levels of SSB, fruit juice, and milk intake by age and sex in adults over age 20 in 2010. Methods We identified, obtained, and assessed data on intakes of these beverages in adults, by age and sex, from 193 nationally- or subnationally-representative diet surveys worldwide, representing over half the world's population. We also extracted data relevant to milk, fruit juice, and SSB availability for 187 countries from annual food balance information collected by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization. We developed a hierarchical Bayesian model to account for measurement incomparability, study representativeness, and sampling and modeling uncertainty, and to combine and harmonize nationally representative dietary survey data and food availability data. Results In 2010, global average intakes were 0.58 (95%UI: 0.37, 0.89) 8 oz servings/day for SSBs, 0.16 (0.10, 0.26) for fruit juice, and 0.57 (0.39, 0.83) for milk. There was significant heterogeneity in consumption of each beverage by region and age. Intakes of SSB were highest in the Caribbean (1.9 servings/day; 1.2, 3.0); fruit juice consumption was highest in Australia and New Zealand (0.66; 0.35, 1.13); and milk intake was highest in Central Latin America and parts of Europe (1.06; 0.68, 1.59). Intakes of all three beverages were lowest in East Asia and Oceania. Globally and within regions, SSB consumption was highest in younger adults; fruit juice consumption showed little relation with age; and milk intakes were highest in older adults. Conclusions Our analysis highlights the enormous spectrum of beverage intakes worldwide, by country, age, and sex. These data are valuable for highlighting gaps in dietary surveillance, determining the impacts of these beverages on global health, and targeting dietary policy.Publication Metadata only Antioxidant Activity and Induction of mRNA Expressions of Antioxidant Enzymes in HEK-293 Cells of Moringa oleifera Leaf Extract(2015-07-10) Boonyadist Vongsak; Supachoke Mangmool; Wandee Gritsanapan; Mahidol University© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart, New York. The leaves of Moringa oleifera, collected in different provinces in Thailand, were determined for the contents of total phenolics, total flavonoids, major components, and antioxidant activity. The extract and its major active components were investigated for the inhibition of H2O2-induced reactive oxygen species production and the effects on antioxidant enzymes mRNA expression. The extract, crypto-chlorogenic acid, isoquercetin and astragalin, significantly reduced the reactive oxygen species production inducing by H2O2 in HEK-293 cells. Treatment with isoquercetin significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase and heme oxygenase 1. These results confirm that M. oleifera leaves are good sources of natural antioxidant with isoquercetin as an active compound.Publication Metadata only Mortality attributable to seasonal influenza A and B infections in Thailand, 2005-2009: A longitudinal study(2015-06-01) Ben S. Cooper; Surachai Kotirum; Wantanee Kulpeng; Naiyana Praditsitthikorn; Malinee Chittaganpitch; Direk Limmathurotsakul; Nicholas P.J. Day; Richard Coker; Yot Teerawattananon; Aronrag Meeyai; Mahidol University; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine; Health Intervention and Technology Assessment Program; Thailand Ministry of Public Health; National Institutes of Health, Bethesda; London School of Hygiene and Tropical MedicineInfluenza epidemiology differs substantially in tropical and temperate zones, but estimates of seasonal influenza mortality in developing countries in the tropics are lacking.We aimed to quantify mortality due to seasonal influenza in Thailand, a tropical middle-income country. Time series of polymerase chain reaction-confirmed influenza infections between 2005 and 2009 were constructed from a sentinel surveillance network. These were combined with influenza-like illness data to derive measures of influenza activity and relationships to mortality by using a Bayesian regression framework. We estimated 6.1 (95% credible interval: 0.5, 12.4) annual deaths per 100,000 population attributable to influenza A and B, predominantly in those aged ≥60 years, with the largest contribution from influenza A(H1N1) in 3 out of 4 years. For A(H3N2), the relationship between influenza activity and mortality varied over time. Influenza was associated with increases in deaths classified as resulting from respiratory disease (posterior probability of positive association, 99.8%), cancer (98.6%), renal disease (98.0%), and liver disease (99.2%). No association with circulatory disease mortality was found. Seasonal influenza infections are associated with substantial mortality in Thailand, but evidence for the strong relationship between influenza activity and circulatory disease mortality reported in temperate countries is lacking.Publication Metadata only Identification of Hsp90 as a species independent H5N1 avian influenza A virus PB2 interacting protein(2015-12-01) Krit Jirakanwisal; Kanjana Srisutthisamphan; Chutima Thepparit; Ornpreya Suptawiwat; Prasert Auewarakul; Atchara Paemanee; Sittiruk Roytrakul; Duncan R. Smith; Mahidol University; Thailand National Science and Technology Development Agency© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. The avian influenza polymerase protein PB2 subunit is an important mediator of cross species adaptation and adaptation to mammalian cells is strongly but not exclusively associated with an adaptive mutation of the codon at position 627 of the PB2 protein which alters the glutamate normally found at this position to a lysine. This study sought to identify host cell factors in both mammalian and avian cells that interacted in a species specific or species independent manner. Two PB2 fusion proteins differing only in codon 627 were generated and transfected into mammalian and avian cells and interacting proteins identified through co-immunoprecipitation. A number of proteins including Hsp90 were identified and further investigation showed that Hsp90 interacted with both isoforms of PB2 in both mammalian and avian cells. Hsp90 is thus identified as a species independent interacting protein, further confirming that this protein may be a suitable target for anti-influenza drug development.Publication Metadata only Variable performance of models for predicting methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus carriage in European surgical wards(2015-12-12) Andie S. Lee; Angelo Pan; Stephan Harbarth; Andrea Patroni; Annie Chalfine; George L. Daikos; Silvia Garilli; José Antonio Martínez; Ben S. Cooper; Hopitaux universitaires de Geneve; Royal Prince Alfred Hospital; Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona; Ospedale di Esine; Groupe Hospitalier Paris Saint-Joseph; Laikon General Hospital; Hospital Clinic Barcelona; Mahidol University; Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine© 2015 Lee et al.; licensee BioMed Central. Background: Predictive models to identify unknown methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) carriage on admission may optimise targeted MRSA screening and efficient use of resources. However, common approaches to model selection can result in overconfident estimates and poor predictive performance. We aimed to compare the performance of various models to predict previously unknown MRSA carriage on admission to surgical wards. Methods: The study analysed data collected during a prospective cohort study which enrolled consecutive adult patients admitted to 13 surgical wards in 4 European hospitals. The participating hospitals were located in Athens (Greece), Barcelona (Spain), Cremona (Italy) and Paris (France). Universal admission MRSA screening was performed in the surgical wards. Data regarding demographic characteristics and potential risk factors for MRSA carriage were prospectively collected during the study period. Four logistic regression models were used to predict probabilities of unknown MRSA carriage using risk factor data: "Stepwise" (variables selected by backward elimination); "Best BMA" (model with highest posterior probability using Bayesian model averaging which accounts for uncertainty in model choice); "BMA" (average of all models selected with BMA); and "Simple" (model including variables selected >50% of the time by both Stepwise and BMA approaches applied to repeated random sub-samples of 50% of the data). To assess model performance, cross-validation against data not used for model fitting was conducted and net reclassification improvement (NRI) was calculated. Results: Of 2,901 patients enrolled, 111 (3.8%) were newly identified MRSA carriers. Recent hospitalisation and presence of a wound/ulcer were significantly associated with MRSA carriage in all models. While all models demonstrated limited predictive ability (mean c-statistics <0.7) the Simple model consistently detected more MRSA-positive individuals despite screening fewer patients than the Stepwise model. Moreover, the Simple model improved reclassification of patients into appropriate risk strata compared with the Stepwise model (NRI 6.6%, P = .07). Conclusions: Though commonly used, models developed using stepwise variable selection can have relatively poor predictive value. When developing MRSA risk indices, simpler models, which account for uncertainty in model selection, may better stratify patients' risk of unknown MRSA carriage.Publication Metadata only Success stories in genomic medicine from resource-limited countries(2015-01-01) Konstantinos Mitropoulos; Hayat Al Jaibeji; Diego A. Forero; Paul Laissue; Ambroise Wonkam; Catalina Lopez-Correa; Zahurin Mohamed; Wasun Chantratita; Ming Ta Michael Lee; Adrian Llerena; Angela Brand; Bassam R. Ali; George P. Patrinos; The Golden Helix Foundation; Maastricht University; College of Medicine and Health Sciences United Arab Emirates University; Universidad Antonio Nariño; Universidad del Rosario; University of Cape Town, Faculty of Health Sciences; Genome Quebec; University of Malaya; Mahidol University; Riken; Academia Sinica, Institute of Biomedical Sciences; Universidad de Extremadura; Panepistimion Patron© 2015 Mitropoulos et al. In recent years, the translation of genomic discoveries into mainstream medical practice and public health has gained momentum, facilitated by the advent of new technologies. However, there are often major discrepancies in the pace of implementation of genomic medicine between developed and developing/resource-limited countries. The main reason does not only lie in the limitation of resources but also in the slow pace of adoption of the new findings and the poor understanding of the potential that this new discipline offers to rationalize medical diagnosis and treatment. Here, we present and critically discuss examples from the successful implementation of genomic medicine in resource-limited countries, focusing on pharmacogenomics, genome informatics, and public health genomics, emphasizing in the latter case genomic education, stakeholder analysis, and economics in pharmacogenomics. These examples can be considered as model cases and be readily replicated for the wide implementation of pharmacogenomics and genomic medicine in other resource-limited environments.Publication Metadata only Enhanced antibacterial activity of NR latex gloves with raspberry-like PMMA-N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan particles(2015-11-01) Thanida Arpornwichanop; Duangporn Polpanich; Raweewan Thiramanas; Teeraporn Suteewong; Pramuan Tangboriboonrat; Mahidol University; Thailand National Science and Technology Development Agency; King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang© 2015 Elsevier B.V. Raspberry-like poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) latex particles stabilized with silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) were prepared via the Pickering emulsion polymerization for use as substrate of N,N,N-trimethyl chitosan (TMC) adsorption. With the aims to simultaneously reduce the surface friction and improve the antibacterial activity of rubber gloves, the synthesized PMMA-SiNPs(TMC) particles were electrostatically deposited onto a sulphur prevulcanized natural rubber (SPNR) latex film. From SEM and AFM analyses, the results showed the highest surface coverage of PMMA-SiNPs(TMC) particles on the surface of SPNR film of 41% and the surface roughness of 69. nm. The coated SPNR film exhibited effective antibacterial activity especially against S. aureus. Therefore, this investigation would be useful for fabrication of special gloves with antibacterial properties.Publication Metadata only DYNAMICAL FIELD LINE CONNECTIVITY IN MAGNETIC TURBULENCE(2015-06-20) D. Ruffolo; W. H. Matthaeus; Mahidol University; Bartol Research Institute© 2015. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. Point-to-point magnetic connectivity has a stochastic character whenever magnetic fluctuations cause a field line random walk, but this can also change due to dynamical activity. Comparing the instantaneous magnetic connectivity from the same point at two different times, we provide a nonperturbative analytic theory for the ensemble average perpendicular displacement of the magnetic field line, given the power spectrum of magnetic fluctuations. For simplicity, the theory is developed in the context of transverse turbulence, and is numerically evaluated for the noisy reduced MHD model. Our formalism accounts for the dynamical decorrelation of magnetic fluctuations due to wave propagation, local nonlinear distortion, random sweeping, and convection by a bulk wind flow relative to the observer. The diffusion coefficient DXof the time-differenced displacement becomes twice the usual field line diffusion coefficient Dxat large time displacement t or large distance z along the mean field (corresponding to a pair of uncorrelated random walks), though for a low Kubo number (in the quasilinear regime) it can oscillate at intermediate values of t and z. At high Kubo number the dynamical decorrelation decays mainly from the nonlinear term and DXtends monotonically toward 2Dxwith increasing t and z. The formalism and results presented here are relevant to a variety of astrophysical processes, such as electron transport and heating patterns in coronal loops and the solar transition region, changing magnetic connection to particle sources near the Sun or at a planetary bow shock, and thickening of coronal hole boundaries.Publication Metadata only Iodine-catalyzed oxidative cross-coupling of indoles and azoles: Regioselective synthesis of N -linked 2-(Azol-1-yl)indole derivatives(2015-04-03) Danupat Beukeaw; Kwanchanok Udomsasporn; Sirilata Yotphan; Mahidol University© 2015 American Chemical Society. A highly efficient iodine-catalyzed regioselective oxidative cross-coupling of an indole C-H bond and azole N-H bond is described. This metal-free reaction can be easily carried out at room temperature under mild and environmentally friendly conditions and provides a series of N-linked 2-(azol-1-yl)indole derivatives in moderate to excellence yields.