Validity and reliability of the ankle-brachial index by oscillometric blood pressure and automated ankle-brachial index

Abstract

Background: This study was conducted to assess the validity and reliability of ankle‑brachial index (ABI) by oscillometric blood pressure (BP) measurement as compared with an automated ABI as a gold standard. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted at Golden Jubilee Medical Center, Thailand. All the data were collected from 303 patients at risk of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) who were 45 years of age or above and who underwent treatment at the outpatient medical clinic between June and December 2015. Patients who were followed up at the medical clinic had both oscillometric BP measurement (Terumo, ES‑P600) and an automated ABI (oscillometric method) at the same time. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of the oscillometric BP measurements to predict an abnormal ABI (<0.90) were determined using the automated ABI as the gold standard. Results: ABI values were similar between the two methods. The oscillometric BP method for determining an ABI (cutoff point <0.90) on the right side had a sensitivity of 88.89%, specificity of 99.32%, an accuracy of 99.01%, a positive predictive value of 80%, and a negative predictive value of 99.32% whereas ABI on the left side had a sensitivity of 69.23%, a specificity of 99.66%, an accuracy of 98.35%, a positive predictive value of 90%, and a negative predictive value of 98.63%. Reliability of the oscillometric BP method by Kappa statistics was 0.84 on the right side and 0.77 on the left side (P = 0.000). Conclusion: The oscillometric BP method is a reliable and useful alternative to conventional automated ABI determination in patients with no severe arterial occlusion for estimation of the prevalence and screening of PAD in primary health‑care settings.