The association of apolipoprotein B and low density lipoprotein with cardiovascular risk factors in the Thai population

Abstract

Background: Although direct and calculated low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-cholesterol) has been widely used as an important predictor for cardiovascular risk, many studies have shown that apolipoprotein B (apo B) may be a more important lipoprotein marker. Material and Method: We performed a cross-sectional study on 191 volunteers who were Shinawatra employees during their annual physical check up. The following cardiovascular risk factors were recorded or measured: direct and calculated LDL, apo B, gender, age, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol (HDL), calculated LDL, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, smoking status, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and waist-hip ratio (WHR). Apo B, direct LDL and calculated LDL levels were tested for their associations with other potential cardiovascular risk factors. Results: There were a total of 76 men and 115 women with an average age of 28.8 ± 5.4 years. Male gender, cigarette smoking, high cholesterol, high triglyceride, high fasting plasma glucose, hypertension, high WHR and high BMI were associated with increased apo B level. Only male gender and high cholesterol were associated with increased calculated and direct LDL level. The association of direct and calculated LDL-cholesterol level with cardiovascular risk factors appears to be similar. Conclusion: We demonstrated that apo B level correlates more with other cardiovascular risk factors compared to direct and calculated LDL-cholesterol. The clinical relevance of this finding needs to be explored in large-scale studies.