Publication: Identification of three novel natural product compounds that activate PXR and CAR and inhibit inflammation
Issued Date
2013-09-01
Resource Type
ISSN
1573904X
07248741
07248741
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-84883278321
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Mahidol University
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Pharmaceutical Research. Vol.30, No.9 (2013), 2199-2208
Suggested Citation
Suticha Kittayaruksakul, Wenchen Zhao, Meishu Xu, Songrong Ren, Jing Lu, Ju Wang, Michael Downes, Ronald M. Evans, Raman Venkataramanan, Varanuj Chatsudthipong, Wen Xie Identification of three novel natural product compounds that activate PXR and CAR and inhibit inflammation. Pharmaceutical Research. Vol.30, No.9 (2013), 2199-2208. doi:10.1007/s11095-013-1101-9 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/31231
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Title
Identification of three novel natural product compounds that activate PXR and CAR and inhibit inflammation
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the effects of three natural product compounds, carapin, santonin and isokobusone, on the activity of pregnane X receptor (PXR) and constitutive androstane receptor (CAR) in induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes and inhibition of inflammation. Methods: The monkey kidney-derived fibroblast (CV-1) cells and human embryonic kidney HEK293 cells were used for transient transfection and luciferase reporter gene assays. Human primary hepatocytes and primary hepatocytes from wild type, PXR-/-, and hPXR transgenic mice were used to study the induction of drug-metabolizing enzymes and the implication of these compounds in inflammation. Results: Carapin, santonin and isokobusone activated both PXR and CAR in transient transfection and luciferase reporter gene assays. Mutagenesis studies showed that two amino acid residues, Phe305 of the rodent PXR and Leu308 of the human PXR, are critical for the recognition of these compounds by PXR. Importantly, the activation of PXR and CAR by these compounds induced the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes in primary human and mouse hepatocytes. Furthermore, activation of PXR by these compounds inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The effects of these natural compounds on drug metabolism and inflammation were abolished in PXR-/- hepatocytes. Conclusions: Our results show that carapin, santonin and isokobusone activate PXR and CAR and induce drug-metabolizing enzymes. In addition, these compounds inhibited the expression of inflammatory mediators in response to LPS through the activation of PXR. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York.