Publication: Quantification of dihydroartemisinin, artesunate and artemisinin in human blood: Overcoming the technical challenge of protecting the peroxide bridge
Issued Date
2011-07-01
Resource Type
ISSN
17576199
17576180
17576180
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-79960553046
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Mahidol University
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Bioanalysis. Vol.3, No.14 (2011), 1613-1624
Suggested Citation
Niklas Lindegardh, Warunee Hanpithakpong, Benjamas Kamanikom, Janhom Pattayaso, Pratap Singhasivanon, Nicholas J. White, Nicholas P J Day Quantification of dihydroartemisinin, artesunate and artemisinin in human blood: Overcoming the technical challenge of protecting the peroxide bridge. Bioanalysis. Vol.3, No.14 (2011), 1613-1624. doi:10.4155/bio.11.158 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/11525
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Title
Quantification of dihydroartemisinin, artesunate and artemisinin in human blood: Overcoming the technical challenge of protecting the peroxide bridge
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Abstract
Background: Quantification of artemisinin (ARN) and its derivatives in whole blood has hitherto been thought impossible. Results: A LC-MS/MS method for the analysis of artesunate (ARS), its metabolite dihydroartemisinin (DHA) and artemisinin in human whole blood has been developed and successfully validated. The method includes stabilization of the blood matrix at the time of collection and at the time of analysis. Addition of potassium dichromate to the blood samples deactivated the Fe 2+ core in hemoglobin, while deferoxamine chelated Fe 3+ and prevented back conversion into Fe 2+ . A pilot study showed that the blood:plasma ratio for ARS and DHA is approximately 0.75, indicating a significantly lower uptake in red blood cells than had previously been estimated using radiolabeled drug methodology. Conclusions: The developed LC-MS/MS assay is the first method available for quantification of ARN and its derivatives in blood and opens up new possibilities of studying these drugs inside infected red blood cells. © 2011 Future Science Ltd.