Publication: Factors associated with incarceration and incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users participating in an HIV vaccine trial in Bangkok, Thailand, 1999-2003
Issued Date
2009-02-01
Resource Type
ISSN
13600443
09652140
09652140
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-58349115043
Rights
Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Addiction. Vol.104, No.2 (2009), 235-242
Suggested Citation
Pravan Suntharasamai, Michael Martin, Suphak Vanichseni, Frits Van Griensven, Philip A. Mock, Punnee Pitisuttithum, Jordan W. Tappero, Udomsak Sangkum, Dwip Kitayaporn, Marc Gurwith, Kachit Choopanya Factors associated with incarceration and incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users participating in an HIV vaccine trial in Bangkok, Thailand, 1999-2003. Addiction. Vol.104, No.2 (2009), 235-242. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02436.x Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/28209
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Title
Factors associated with incarceration and incident human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection among injection drug users participating in an HIV vaccine trial in Bangkok, Thailand, 1999-2003
Other Contributor(s)
Mahidol University
Thailand Ministry of Public Health
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
Bangkok Vaccine Evaluation Group
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
Bumrungrad International Hospital
VaxGen, Inc.
Ministry of Public Healthy
Thailand Ministry of Public Health
National Center for HIV/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention
Bangkok Vaccine Evaluation Group
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Bangkok Metropolitan Administration
Bumrungrad International Hospital
VaxGen, Inc.
Ministry of Public Healthy
Abstract
Aims: To determine if incarceration was associated with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and identify risk factors for incarceration among injection drug users (IDUs) participating in an HIV vaccine trial in Bangkok. Design: The AIDSVAX B/E HIV vaccine trial was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. A proportional hazards model was used to evaluate demographic characteristics, risk behavior and incarceration as predictors of HIV infection and generalized estimation equation logistic regression analysis to investigate demographic characteristics and risk behaviors for predictors of incarceration. Setting: The trial was conducted in Bangkok Metropolitan Administration drug-treatment clinics, 1999-2003. Participants: A total of 2546 HIV-uninfected IDUs enrolled in the trial. Measurements: HIV testing was performed and an interviewer-administered questionnaire was used to assess risk behavior and incarceration at baseline and every 6 months for a total of 36 months. Findings: HIV incidence was 3.4 per 100 person-years [95% confidence interval (CI), 3.0-3.9] and did not differ among vaccine and placebo recipients. In multivariable analysis, being in jail (P < 0.04), injecting (P < 0.0001), injecting daily (P < 0.0001) and sharing needles (P = 0.02) were associated with HIV infection and methadone maintenance was protective (P = 0.0006). Predictors of incarceration in multivariable analysis included: male sex (P = 0.04), younger age (P < 0.0001), less education (P = 0.001) and being in jail (P < 0.0001) or prison (P < 0.0001) before enrollment. Conclusions: Among IDUs in the AIDSVAX B/E trial, incarceration in jail was associated with incident HIV infection. IDUs in Thailand remain at high risk of HIV infection and additional prevention tools are needed urgently. HIV prevention services, including methadone, should be made available to IDUs. © 2009 The Authors.