Is combined ultrasound with radiography sufficient for the diagnosis of obstructive ureteric stone in patients with acute flank pain?

Abstract

© 2019 Journal of Medical Ultrasound | Published by Wolters Kluwer - Medknow. Context: Ultrasound (US) is excellent for detection of hydronephrosis but has poor sensitivity for stone detection. In contrast, radiography of the kidney-ureter-bladder has better sensitivity for detection of stone but limited sensitivity for hydronephrosis detection. A combination of these two modalities may improve both sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of obstructive ureteric stone. Aims: This study aims to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of combined US with radiography for the diagnosis of obstructive ureteric stone in adult patients. Settings and Design: Retrospective study with retrospective data collection performed in a 1500-bed university hospital. Materials and Methods: A total of 90 patients were included. The electronic medical record, radiological reports, laboratory results, and patient management were extracted and analyzed. Statistical Analysis Used: The diagnostic performance of US, radiography, and combined US with radiography were calculated and compared. The computed tomography was used as diagnostic reference. Results: US alone had a sensitivity of 73.5%, specificity of 92.7%, and negative predictive value (NPV) of 74.5% for hydronephrosis. When US showed both ureteric stone and hydronephrosis, sensitivity dropped to 14.3% but specificity increased to 100%. Radiography alone had a sensitivity of 34.7%, specificity of 100%, and NPV of 56.2% for the detection of ureteric stone. Combining radiography with US raised the sensitivity for diagnosis of obstructive ureteric stone to 88% with a specificity of 93% and accuracy of 90%. Conclusions: Combined US with radiography was accurate for the diagnosis of obstructive ureteric stone in patients presenting with acute flank pain.