Risk factors for readmission for early small bowel obstruction following laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: an MBSAQIP analysis

Abstract

Background: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) following laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is associated with significant morbidity. Objectives: To evaluate the rate of and risk factors for readmission for SBO within 30 days of LRYGB. Setting: Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement Program (MBSAQIP)–accredited centers. Methods: This is a retrospective study using the MBSAQIP database. A query was performed from 2015–2018 for patients who underwent LRYGB and required readmission for SBO. Those who had a reoperation, intervention, readmission, or expired from causes other than SBO were excluded. Descriptive, bivariate, and binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Results: Among 184,660 patients undergoing LRYGB, 1189 (.64%) required readmission due to SBO. Among the readmission cases, 978 (82.5%) were identified as having intestinal obstruction (unspecified), 108 (9.1%) incisional hernia, and 100 (8.4%) internal hernia. Among these cases, 69% had a reoperation and 1.3% expired during the 30-day period. From a logistic regression model, parameters independently associated with an increased risk for readmission for early SBO include being female (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 1.53) or black (AOR, 1.41) and having gastroesophageal reflux (AOR, 1.35), a history of myocardial infarction (AOR, 1.76), a history of deep vein thrombosis (AOR, 1.73), previous obesity surgery/foregut surgery (AOR, 1.79), a robotic-assisted procedure (AOR, 1.23), concurrent hiatal hernia repair (AOR, 1.66) and adhesiolysis (AOR, 1.42). Conclusion: The rate of readmission for early SBO following LRYGB was less than 1%. The majority of these cases required reoperation. The increased intraoperative complexity of LRYGB is associated with an increased risk of readmission due to early SBO.