การศึกษาพฤติกรรมการใช้สารเคมีป้องกันและกำจัดศัตรูพืชของเกษตรกรที่ทำนาข้าวในพื้นที่ลุ่มน้ำท่าจีน (จังหวัดชัยนาทและจังหวัดสุพรรณบุรี)

Abstract

The research is to reveal the farmers’ behavior in applying chemical pesticides in rice field of Tha Chin River Basin in Chainat and Suphanburi Provinces. The survey has been exercised by questionnaires. Based on the sampling of 400 farmers at Chainat and Suphanburi Provinces, the data analysis is applied by SPSS program for windows of which the research outcome is as follows: With size of paddy field averagely 45.13 rai, their produces were directly sold to the industrial company or rice mill (87.00 %) and through the middlemen willing to arrive at their farmland (9.00 %). Launched in retail and wholesale (0.75%), produces selling or distribution was operated as a part of cluster group themselves (6.25%). Received Information of chemical pesticides practice with low and fair, most of informants have never been participated in any training on chemical pesticides application. Fertilizer formulas utilization were 46-0-0, 16-20-0, 20-0-0, 13-13-21 and 18-45-0. Chemical pesticides mostly applied by informants were namely: Abamactin, Chlorpyrifos, Gyphosate, Metaldehyde, Fenobucarb, Dinotefuran, Propiconazole. Most of farmers have never got harmful/accidents nor got sick from pesticides. Furthermore, they were well given knowledge of hazard from chemical pesticide application. From the precaution was made to self prevention by using personal protective equipment prior to mixing and spraying chemical pesticides. However, almost of farmers had high to average knowledge of chemical pesticides application (The score of 9 or more from the total score of 15), the average knowledge of pesticides hazards (the score of 5-8 from the total of 10) and had average to high proper behavior-use of pesticides (the score of 30 or more from the total score of 57). The statistically significant at 0.05, affected on the behavior-use of chemical pesticides of the farmers in the study areas were period of occupation experience, information received on chemical pesticides application, sickness as a result of chemical pesticides application and consumption of plants/animals in the study areas. (Keywords: Behavior, Rice, Tajean Watershed, Chainart Province, Suphanburi Province)