Publication:
The spectrum and morphology of the Fermi bubbles

Issued Date

2014-09-20

Resource Type

Article

ISSN

15384357
0004637X

DOI

10.1088/0004-637X/793/1/64

Other identifier(s)

2-s2.0-84906960855

Rights

Mahidol University

Rights Holder(s)

SCOPUS

Bibliographic Citation

Astrophysical Journal. Vol.793, No.1 (2014)

Suggested Citation

M. Ackermann, A. Albert, W. B. Atwood, L. Baldini, J. Ballet, G. Barbiellini, D. Bastieri, R. Bellazzini, E. Bissaldi, R. D. Blandford, E. D. Bloom, E. Bottacini, T. J. Brandt, J. Bregeon, P. Bruel, R. Buehler, S. Buson, G. A. Caliandro, R. A. Cameron, M. Caragiulo, P. A. Caraveo, E. Cavazzuti, C. Cecchi, E. Charles, A. Chekhtman, J. Chiang, G. Chiaro, S. Ciprini, R. Claus, J. Cohen-Tanugi, J. Conrad, S. Cutini, F. D'Ammando, A. De Angelis, F. De Palma, C. D. Dermer, S. W. Digel, L. Di Venere, E. Do Couto E Silva, P. S. Drell, C. Favuzzi, E. C. Ferrara, W. B. Focke, A. Franckowiak, Y. Fukazawa, S. Funk, P. Fusco, F. Gargano, D. Gasparrini, S. Germani, N. Giglietto, F. Giordano, M. Giroletti, G. Godfrey, G. A. Gomez-Vargas, I. A. Grenier, S. Guiriec, D. Hadasch, A. K. Harding, E. Hays, J. W. Hewitt, X. Hou, T. Jogler, G. Jóhannesson, A. S. Johnson, W. N. Johnson, T. Kamae, J. Kataoka, J. Knödlseder, D. Kocevski, M. Kuss, S. Larsson, L. Latronico, F. Longo, F. Loparco, M. N. Lovellette The spectrum and morphology of the Fermi bubbles. Astrophysical Journal. Vol.793, No.1 (2014). doi:10.1088/0004-637X/793/1/64 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/33790

Research Projects

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Thesis

Title

The spectrum and morphology of the Fermi bubbles

Author(s)

M. Ackermann
 A. Albert
 W. B. Atwood
 L. Baldini
 J. Ballet
 G. Barbiellini
 D. Bastieri
 R. Bellazzini
 E. Bissaldi
 R. D. Blandford
 E. D. Bloom
 E. Bottacini
 T. J. Brandt
 J. Bregeon
 P. Bruel
 R. Buehler
 S. Buson
 G. A. Caliandro
 R. A. Cameron
 M. Caragiulo
 P. A. Caraveo
 E. Cavazzuti
 C. Cecchi
 E. Charles
 A. Chekhtman
 J. Chiang
 G. Chiaro
 S. Ciprini
 R. Claus
 J. Cohen-Tanugi
 J. Conrad
 S. Cutini
 F. D'Ammando
 A. De Angelis
 F. De Palma
 C. D. Dermer
 S. W. Digel
 L. Di Venere
 E. Do Couto E Silva
 P. S. Drell
 C. Favuzzi
 E. C. Ferrara
 W. B. Focke
 A. Franckowiak
 Y. Fukazawa
 S. Funk
 P. Fusco
 F. Gargano
 D. Gasparrini
 S. Germani
 N. Giglietto
 F. Giordano
 M. Giroletti
 G. Godfrey
 G. A. Gomez-Vargas
 I. A. Grenier
 S. Guiriec
 D. Hadasch
 A. K. Harding
 E. Hays
 J. W. Hewitt
 X. Hou
 T. Jogler
 G. Jóhannesson
 A. S. Johnson
 W. N. Johnson
 T. Kamae
 J. Kataoka
 J. Knödlseder
 D. Kocevski
 M. Kuss
 S. Larsson
 L. Latronico
 F. Longo
 F. Loparco
 M. N. Lovellette

Other Contributor(s)

Deutsche Elektronen-Synchrotron
 Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology
 Santa Cruz Institute for Particle Physics
 Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Roma
 Institut de Recherche sur les Lois Fondamentales de l'Univers
 Universita degli Studi di Trieste
 Istituto Nazionale Di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Padova
 Universita degli Studi di Padova
 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center
 Laboratoire Univers et Particules de Montpellier
 Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet
 Consorzio Interuniversitario per la Fisica Spaziale (CIFS)
 INAF Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica, Milan
 Agenzia Spaziale Italiana
 Universita degli Studi di Perugia
 George Mason University, Fairfax Campus
 Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma
 Stockholms universitet
 Oskar Klein Centre for Cosmoparticle Physics
 Kungl. Vetenskapsakademien
 Istituto Di Radioastronomia, Bologna
 Alma Mater Studiorum Universita di Bologna
 Universita degli Studi di Udine
 Naval Research Laboratory
 Universita degli Studi di Bari
 Hiroshima University
 Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile
 Medizinische Universitat Innsbruck
 University of Maryland, Baltimore County
 Centre d'Etudes Nucleaires de Bordeaux Gradignan
 University Science Institute Reykjavik
 Waseda University
 CNRS Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique
 Universite de Toulouse
 Yale University
 University of Maryland
 Mahidol University
 University of California, Irvine
 University of Denver
 Max Planck Institut fur Physik (Werner-Heisenberg-Institut)

Abstract

© 2014. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. The Fermi bubbles are two large structures in the gamma-ray sky extending to 55° above and below the Galactic center. We analyze 50 months of Fermi Large Area Telescope data between 100 MeV and 500 GeV above 10° in Galactic latitude to derive the spectrum and morphology of the Fermi bubbles. We thoroughly explore the systematic uncertainties that arise when modeling the Galactic diffuse emission through two separate approaches. The gamma-ray spectrum is well described by either a log parabola or a power law with an exponential cutoff. We exclude a simple power law with more than 7σ significance. The power law with an exponential cutoff has an index of 1.9 ± 0.2 and a cutoff energy of 110 ± 50 GeV. We find that the gamma-ray luminosity of the bubbles is erg s-1. We confirm a significant enhancement of gamma-ray emission in the southeastern part of the bubbles, but we do not find significant evidence for a jet. No significant variation of the spectrum across the bubbles is detected. The width of the boundary of the bubbles is estimated to be deg. Both inverse Compton (IC) models and hadronic models including IC emission from secondary leptons fit the gamma-ray data well. In the IC scenario, synchrotron emission from the same population of electrons can also explain the WMAP and Planck microwave haze with a magnetic field between 5 and 20 μG.

Keyword(s)

Earth and Planetary Sciences
 Physics and Astronomy

Availability

URI

https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/33790

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