Publication: Multiple pathways guide oxygen diffusion into flavoenzyme active sites
Issued Date
2009-06-30
Resource Type
ISSN
10916490
00278424
00278424
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-67649819680
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Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Vol.106, No.26 (2009), 10603-10608
Suggested Citation
Riccardo Baron, Conor Riley, Pirom Chenprakhon, Kittisak Thotsaporn, Remko T. Winter, Andrea Alfieri, Federico Forneris, Willem J.H. Van Berkel, Pimchai Chaiyen, Marco W. Fraaije, Andrea Mattevi, J. Andrew McCammon Multiple pathways guide oxygen diffusion into flavoenzyme active sites. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. Vol.106, No.26 (2009), 10603-10608. doi:10.1073/pnas.0903809106 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/28389
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Title
Multiple pathways guide oxygen diffusion into flavoenzyme active sites
Abstract
Dioxygen (O2) and other gas molecules have a fundamental role in a variety of enzymatic reactions. However, it is only poorly understood which O2 uptake mechanism enzymes employ to promote efficient catalysis and how general this is. We investigated O2 diffusion pathways into monooxygenase and oxidase flavoenzymes, using an integrated computational and experimental approach. Enhanced-statistics molecular dynamics simulations reveal spontaneous protein-guided O2 diffusion from the bulk solvent to preorganized protein cavities. The predicted protein-guided diffusion paths and the importance of key cavity residues for oxygen diffusion were verified by combining site-directed mutagenesis, rapid kinetics experiments, and high-resolution X-ray structures. This study indicates that monooxygenase and oxidase flavoenzymes employ multiple funnel-shaped diffusion pathways to absorb O2 from the solvent and direct it to the reacting C4a atom of the flavin cofactor. The difference in O2 reactivity among dehydrogenases, monooxygenases, and oxidases ultimately resides in the fine modulation of the local environment embedding the reactive locus of the flavin.