A comparison of passive haemagglutination test and immunofluorescent test for antibody to native deoxyribonucleic acid.

Abstract

Antibody to double-stranded DNA is a specific marker for systemic lupus erythematosus. The recommended method for detection of this antibody is immunofluorescence. Haemagglutination was developed and the results of antibody detection were evaluated with those obtained by immunofluorescence. Human group O erythrocytes were treated with glutaraldehyde and coated with DNA from calf thymus. Testing in 169 active and inactive SLE sera, 59 sera were positive and 91 sera were negative by both methods. Five sera were negative by haemagglutination but positive by immunofluorescence. Fourteen sera with low haemagglutination titer were negative by immunofluorescence. The correlation between the results obtained by both methods were highly significance with contingency coefficient of 0.61 and correlation coefficient between the results of 78 sera positive by both or either method was 0.74 (p less than 0.001). Sixty-three sera from blood donors and seventy sera from pregnant women were negative by the two techniques. PHA is simpler, quicker and can be assayed in laboratories without the use of fluorescent microscope. It can be established as a very useful alternative test to immunofluorescence.