The potential of Mangifera indica Linn. and Musa acuminata extracts to attenuate 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE<inf>2</inf>)-induced DNA oxidative damage in MCF-10A cells by upregulating detoxifying and antioxidant enzymes

Abstract

Nowadays, there have been attempts to use phytochemicals in fruits to reduce the risk of suffering a given sickness. In this work, we studied the potential effects of mango (cultivar “Nam Dok Mai”) and banana (cultivar “Khai”) to attenuate DNA oxidative damage in MCF-10A cells induced by 4-hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2). The effects of mango extract (MNE) and banana extract (BKE) were comparable with three carotenoid compounds, β-carotene, lycopene, and lutein. The oxidative-induced DNA damage was evaluated by 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) reduction. 4-OHE2-induced DNA oxidative damage in MCF-10A cells showed a decrease in 8-OHdG formation when treated with MNE and BKE. Both fruit extracts also enabled the regaining production of Phase II detoxifying (GSTs and NQO1) and antioxidant (SOD, GPx, and CAT) enzymes during 4-OHE2-induced DNA oxidative damage in the MCF-10A cells when compared with the untreated control. These results indicate that MNE and BKE can exert potential mitigating effects against 4-OHE2-induced DNA oxidative damage in MCF-10A cells by enhancing the activities of detoxifying and antioxidant enzyme. Practical applications: Long-term exposure to estrogen increases the risk of sickness since oxidative stress via the estrogen pathway, leading to DNA damage. This study indicated that mango (cultivar “Nam Dok Mai”) extract contains β-carotene and lycopene, while banana (cultivar “Khai”) extract contains β-carotene and lutein, which act as natural antioxidants. Both fruit extracts have preventive properties against oxidative DNA damage and are potentially good supplements for women taking E2 between HRT.