Publication: Depression and anxiety were low amongst virally suppressed, long-term treated HIV-infected individuals enrolled in a public sector antiretroviral program in Thailand
Issued Date
2017
Resource Type
Language
eng
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Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
Taylor & Francis
Bibliographic Citation
AIDS Care. Vol.29, No. 3 (2017), 299–305
Suggested Citation
Wisit Prasithsirikul, Sukanya Chongthawonsatid, Pirapon June Ohata, Siriwan Keadpudsa, Virat Klinbuayaem, Patsamon Rerksirikul, Kerr, Stephen J., Kiat Ruxrungtham, Jintanat Ananworanich, Anchalee Avihingsanon Depression and anxiety were low amongst virally suppressed, long-term treated HIV-infected individuals enrolled in a public sector antiretroviral program in Thailand. AIDS Care. Vol.29, No. 3 (2017), 299–305. doi:10.1080/09540121.2016.1201194 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/44032
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Title
Depression and anxiety were low amongst virally suppressed, long-term treated HIV-infected individuals enrolled in a public sector antiretroviral program in Thailand
Other Contributor(s)
Ministry of Public Health. Department of Disease Control. Bamrasnaradura Infectious
Mahidol University. Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities
Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre
Chiang Mai. Sanpatong Hospital
Chulalongkorn University. Faculty of Medicine. Division of Allergy and Immunology
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
Mahidol University. Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities
Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre
Chiang Mai. Sanpatong Hospital
Chulalongkorn University. Faculty of Medicine. Division of Allergy and Immunology
Walter Reed Army Institute of Research
Abstract
HIV/AIDS and anxiety/depression are interlinked. HIV-infected patients suffering from depression
may be at risk for poor adherence which may contribute to HIV disease progression.
Additionally, an HIV diagnosis and/or using certain antiretroviral agents may trigger symptoms of
anxiety/depression. The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence and factors
associated with anxiety and depression in HIV-infected patients from the Thai National HIV
Treatment Program. This cross-sectional study was performed from January 2012 to December
2012 in HIV-infected out-patients, aged ≥18 years, from three HIV referral centers. Symptoms of
anxiety and depression were measured using the Thai-validated Hospital Anxiety and Depression
Scale (HADS). A score of ≥11 was defined as having anxiety and depression. Associated factors
were assessed by multivariate logistic regression. Totally 2023 (56% males) patients were
enrolled. All patients received antiretroviral therapy (ART) for a mean duration of 7.7 years.
Median CD4 was 495 cells/mm3. Ninety-five percent had HIV-RNA < 50 copies/ml. Thirty-three
percent were currently on efavirenz (EFV)-based ART. The prevalence of anxiety and depression
were 4.8% and 3.1%, respectively. About 1.3% had both anxiety and depression. In multivariate
logistic models, the female sex [OR = 1.6(95%CI 1.1–2.3), p = .01], having adherence <90% [OR =
2.2(95%CI 1.5–3.4), p < .001], fair/poor quality of life (QOL) [OR = 7.2 (95%CI 3.6–14.2), p < .001]
and EFV exposure [OR = 1.6(95%CI 1.1–2.3), p = .01], were independently associated with having
anxiety or depression. Our findings demonstrated that prevalence of depression and anxiety was
low amongst virally suppressed, long-term antiretroviral-treated HIV-infected individuals. Some
key characteristics such as the female sex, poor adherence, poor/fair QOL and EFV exposure are
associated with anxiety and depression. These factors can be used to distinguish who would
need a more in-depth evaluation for these psychiatric disorders.