Publication: Triple-fortified rice containing vitamin A reduced marginal vitamin A deficiency and increased vitamin A liver stores in school-aged Thai children.
Accepted Date
2014-01-13
Issued Date
2014
Resource Type
Language
eng
ISSN
0022-3166 (print)
1541-6100 (electronic)
1541-6100 (electronic)
Rights
Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
American Society for Nutrition
Bibliographic Citation
Journal of Nutrition. Vol. 144, No. 4 (2014), 519-524
Suggested Citation
Siwaporn Pinkaew, Rita Wegmuller, Emorn Wasantwisut, Pattanee Winichagoon, Hurrell, Richard F., Tanumihardjo, Sherry A. Triple-fortified rice containing vitamin A reduced marginal vitamin A deficiency and increased vitamin A liver stores in school-aged Thai children.. Journal of Nutrition. Vol. 144, No. 4 (2014), 519-524. doi:10.3945/jn.113.182998 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/30089
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Authors
Journal Issue
Thesis
Title
Triple-fortified rice containing vitamin A reduced marginal vitamin A deficiency and increased vitamin A liver stores in school-aged Thai children.
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Vitamin A (VA)-fortified rice is a potential intervention strategy to prevent VA deficiency in at-risk populations. Hot-extruded, triple-fortified rice grains with added VA, zinc, and iron were produced by hot extrusion technology and their ability to improve VA status was tested in Thai schoolchildren. The fortification levels were 10 mg of iron, 9 mg of zinc, and 1.05 mg of VA/g extruded rice. A paired stable isotope dilution technique with labeled 13C2-retinyl acetate (13C-RID) was used to quantify VA pool size at the beginning and end of the feeding period. Fifty healthy schoolchildren with a serum retinol (SR) concentration of >0.7 μmol/L were randomly assigned to 2 groups to receive either triple-fortified rice (n = 25) or natural rice (n = 25) for 2 mo as part of the daily school meal. The fortified grains, mixed 1:50 with regular rice, were estimated to provide an extra 890 μg of VA/d, 5 d/wk. 13C2-retinyl acetate (1.0 μmol) was administered orally to each child before and at the end of the feeding period to estimate total body reserves (TBRs) of VA, which increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the intervention group from 153 ± 66 μmol retinol at baseline to 269 ± 148 μmol retinol after 2 mo of feeding. There was no change in the TBRs of VA in the control group (108 ± 67 vs. 124 ± 89 μmol retinol) (P = 0.22). Serum retinol remained unchanged in both groups. We conclude that VA-fortified, hot-extruded rice is an efficacious vehicle to provide additional VA to at-risk populations, and that the efficacy of VA-fortified foods can be usefully monitored by the 13C-RID measurement of TBRs of VA but not by changes in SR concentration.