Publication: On T2* magnetic resonance and cardiac iron
Issued Date
2011-04-12
Resource Type
ISSN
15244539
00097322
00097322
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-79954661577
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Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Circulation. Vol.123, No.14 (2011), 1519-1528
Suggested Citation
John Paul Carpenter, Taigang He, Paul Kirk, Michael Roughton, Lisa J. Anderson, Sofia V. De Noronha, Mary N. Sheppard, John B. Porter, J. Malcolm Walker, John C. Wood, Renzo Galanello, Gianluca Forni, Gualtiero Catani, Gildo Matta, Suthat Fucharoen, Adam Fleming, Michael J. House, Greg Black, David N. Firmin, Timothy G. St. Pierre, Dudley J. Pennell On T2* magnetic resonance and cardiac iron. Circulation. Vol.123, No.14 (2011), 1519-1528. doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.007641 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/12543
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Title
On T2* magnetic resonance and cardiac iron
Author(s)
John Paul Carpenter
Taigang He
Paul Kirk
Michael Roughton
Lisa J. Anderson
Sofia V. De Noronha
Mary N. Sheppard
John B. Porter
J. Malcolm Walker
John C. Wood
Renzo Galanello
Gianluca Forni
Gualtiero Catani
Gildo Matta
Suthat Fucharoen
Adam Fleming
Michael J. House
Greg Black
David N. Firmin
Timothy G. St. Pierre
Dudley J. Pennell
Taigang He
Paul Kirk
Michael Roughton
Lisa J. Anderson
Sofia V. De Noronha
Mary N. Sheppard
John B. Porter
J. Malcolm Walker
John C. Wood
Renzo Galanello
Gianluca Forni
Gualtiero Catani
Gildo Matta
Suthat Fucharoen
Adam Fleming
Michael J. House
Greg Black
David N. Firmin
Timothy G. St. Pierre
Dudley J. Pennell
Abstract
Background: Measurement of myocardial iron is key to the clinical management of patients at risk of siderotic cardiomyopathy. The cardiovascular magnetic resonance relaxation parameter R2* (assessed clinically via its reciprocal, T2*) measured in the ventricular septum is used to assess cardiac iron, but iron calibration and distribution data in humans are limited. Methods and Results: Twelve human hearts were studied from transfusion-dependent patients after either death (heart failure, n=7; stroke, n=1) or transplantation for end-stage heart failure (n=4). After cardiovascular magnetic resonance R2* measurement, tissue iron concentration was measured in multiple samples of each heart with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. Iron distribution throughout the heart showed no systematic variation between segments, but epicardial iron concentration was higher than in the endocardium. The mean±SD global myocardial iron causing severe heart failure in 10 patients was 5.98±2.42 mg/g dry weight (range, 3.19 to 9.50 mg/g), but in 1 outlier case of heart failure was 25.9 mg/g dry weight. Myocardial ln[R2*] was strongly linearly correlated with ln[Fe] (R=0.910, P < 0.001), leading to [Fe]=45.0×(T2*) for the clinical calibration equation with [Fe] in milligrams per gram dry weight and T2* in milliseconds. Midventricular septal iron concentration and R2* were both highly representative of mean global myocardial iron. Conclusions: These data detail the iron distribution throughout the heart in iron overload and provide calibration in humans for cardiovascular magnetic resonance R2* against myocardial iron concentration. The iron values are of considerable interest in terms of the level of cardiac iron associated with iron-related death and indicate that the heart is more sensitive to iron loading than the liver. The results also validate the current clinical practice of monitoring cardiac iron in vivo by cardiovascular magnetic resonance of the midseptum. © 2011 American Heart Association, Inc.