Publication: Rapid screening and early precautions for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii carriers decreased nosocomial transmission in hospital settings: A quasi-experimental study
Issued Date
2019-06-27
Resource Type
ISSN
20472994
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-85068469733
Rights
Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. Vol.8, No.1 (2019)
Suggested Citation
Norihisa Yamamoto, Shigeto Hamaguchi, Yukihiro Akeda, Pitak Santanirand, Narong Chaihongsa, Suntariya Sirichot, Suwichak Chiaranaicharoen, Hideharu Hagiya, Kouji Yamamoto, Anusak Kerdsin, Kazuhisa Okada, Hisao Yoshida, Shigeyuki Hamada, Kazunori Oishi, Kumthorn Malathum, Kazunori Tomono Rapid screening and early precautions for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii carriers decreased nosocomial transmission in hospital settings: A quasi-experimental study. Antimicrobial Resistance and Infection Control. Vol.8, No.1 (2019). doi:10.1186/s13756-019-0564-9 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/51588
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Authors
Journal Issue
Thesis
Title
Rapid screening and early precautions for carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii carriers decreased nosocomial transmission in hospital settings: A quasi-experimental study
Abstract
© 2019 The Author(s). Background: Active surveillance has the potential to prevent nosocomial transmission of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). We assessed whether rapid diagnosis using clinical specimen-direct loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), a rapid molecular diagnostic assay, and subsequent intervention, could reduce CRAB nosocomial transmission in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: A before and after (quasi-experimental) study was conducted in two ICUs at the Mahidol University Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital with 3 months of observational period followed by 9 months of interventional period. All patients were screened for CRAB using both the culture and LAMP method from rectal swab and/or bronchial aspirates (intubated patients only) upon admission, weekly thereafter, and upon discharge. During the pre-intervention period, we performed contact precautions based on culture results. In contrast, during the intervention period, we initiated contact precautions within a few hours after sample collection on the basis of LAMP results. Results: A total of 1335 patients were admitted to the ICUs, of which 866 patients (pre-intervention period: 187; intervention period: 679) were eligible for this study. Incidence rate of CRAB infection decreased to 20.9 per 1000 patient-days in the intervention period from 35.2 in the pre-intervention period (P < 0.02). The calculated hazard ratio of CRAB transmission was 0.65 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.44-0.97). Risk factors for CRAB acquisition included exposure to carbapenem (hazard ratio, 2.54 [95% CI: 1.61-5.57]). Conclusions: LAMP screening for CRAB upon ICU admission proved feasible for routine clinical practice. Rapid screening using LAMP followed by early intervention may reduce CRAB transmission rates in ICUs when compared to conventional intervention.