Publication: Saliva sample as a non-invasive specimen for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019: a cross-sectional study
Issued Date
2020-01-01
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ISSN
14690691
1198743X
1198743X
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2-s2.0-85085349656
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Mahidol University
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Clinical Microbiology and Infection. (2020)
Suggested Citation
E. Pasomsub, S. P. Watcharananan, K. Boonyawat, P. Janchompoo, G. Wongtabtim, W. Suksuwan, S. Sungkanuparph, A. Phuphuakrat Saliva sample as a non-invasive specimen for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019: a cross-sectional study. Clinical Microbiology and Infection. (2020). doi:10.1016/j.cmi.2020.05.001 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/56287
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Title
Saliva sample as a non-invasive specimen for the diagnosis of coronavirus disease 2019: a cross-sectional study
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Abstract
© 2020 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases Objectives: Amid the increasing number of pandemic coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases, there is a need for a quick and easy method to obtain a non-invasive sample for the detection of this novel coronavirus (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; SARS-CoV-2). We aimed to investigate the potential use of saliva samples as a non-invasive tool for the diagnosis of COVID-19. Methods: From 27 March to 4 April 2020, we prospectively collected saliva samples and a standard nasopharyngeal and throat swab in persons seeking care at an acute respiratory infection clinic in a university hospital during the outbreak of COVID-19. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed, and the results of the two specimens were compared. Results: Two-hundred pairs of samples were collected. Sixty-nine (34.5%) individuals were male, and the median (interquartile) age was 36 (28–48) years. Using nasopharyngeal and throat swab RT-PCR as the reference standard, the prevalence of COVID-19 diagnosed by nasopharyngeal and throat swab RT-PCR was 9.5%. The sensitivity and specificity of the saliva sample RT-PCR were 84.2% (95% CI 60.4%–96.6%), and 98.9% (95% CI 96.1%–99.9%), respectively. An analysis of the agreement between the two specimens demonstrated 97.5% observed agreement (κ coefficient 0.851, 95% CI 0.723–0.979; p < 0.001). Conclusions: Saliva might be an alternative specimen for the diagnosis of COVID-19. The collection is non-invasive, and non-aerosol generating. This method could facilitate the diagnosis of the disease, given the simplicity of specimen collection and good diagnostic performance.