A pilot study of a 12-week leg exercise and a 6- and 12-month follow-up in community-dwelling diabetic elders: effect on dynamic standing balance

Abstract

Objective: To determine the effects of 12-week leg exercise and follow-up on fasting blood glucose (FBG), blood pressure, static and dynamic standing balance time, leg muscle strength, and leg exercise behaviors in type 2 diabetic elderly. Material and Method: Four females, completing 12-week leg exercise group and 6- and 12-month follow-up were examined for FBG, blood pressure, standing on firm and foam surfaces, single leg stance, Five-Times-Sit-to-Stand Test (FTSST), alternated stepping, and leg muscle strength at before leg exercise, week 12 of exercise, and months 6 and 12 follow-up after exercise. Friedman’s ANOVA was used to compare these variables among 4 periods. Exercise behaviors were asked at months 6 and 12 follow-up. Results: Significant decreased time was observed in FTSST between before and at week 12, and alternated stepping between before and at month 6. For one year follow-up, two participants performed leg exercise regularly. According to patients’ interviews, they continued leg exercise because of reduced leg pain and stiffness, compliance to physiotherapist’s suggestions, and exercise addiction. Conclusion: Leg exercise enhanced FTSST and alternated stepping produced good quality feeling in leg in diabetic elderly. Physiotherapists may be a key for continuing leg exercise in community-dwelling diabetic elderly.