Administration of renin-angiotensin system inhibitor affects tumor recurrence and progression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer patients

Abstract

© 2019 Siriraj Medical Journal. Objective: To evaluate the effects of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs) on tumor-recurrence and diseaseprogression in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) patients. Methods: From 2006-2015, 348 NMIBC patients at Siriraj Hospital were recruited for this study. Tumor-recurrence was identified after the transurethral resection of bladder cancer (TUR-BT) and pathological confirmation of NMIBC, while stage-progression was defined as muscularis-propria invasion after pathological review or metastases. Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess the recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates. Results: Of the 348 patients, 86 (24.7%) received RASIs at the first TUR-BT. The median age was 68 years, and it was significantly older for the RASI cohort. No differences in the tumor characteristics of the groups were found. The median follow-up periods for tumor-recurrence and stage-progression were 2.3 and 3.7 years, respectively. Forty percent of the patients experienced tumor-recurrence, with the no-RASI cohort experiencing a significantly higher tumor-recurrence rate (46% versus 22%, p < 0.001). The 5-year RFS rates were 54% and 78% for the no-RASI and RASI cohorts, respectively (p=0.001). Stage-progression was observed in 6% of the patients. The 5-year PFS rates were 87% and 97% for the no-RASI and RASI cohorts, respectively. On univariate and multivariate analyses, a tumor size ≥ 3 cm and tumor multifocality were associated with recurrent bladder cancer (p ≤ 0.02). On the other hand, the administration of RASIs was associated with a reduced recurrence (p ≤ 0.002). Conclusion: Our study suggests that RASI administration might be a potential factor to prevent bladder cancer recurrence. Further study is needed to evaluate the effects of RASIs.