Publication: Photodegradation of (E)- and (Z)-Endoxifen in water by ultraviolet light: Efficiency, kinetics, by-products, and toxicity assessment
Issued Date
2020-03-15
Resource Type
ISSN
18792448
00431354
00431354
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-85078770744
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Mahidol University
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Water Research. Vol.171, (2020)
Suggested Citation
Marina Ariño Martin, Jayaraman Sivaguru, John McEvoy, Prinpida Sonthiphand, Andre Delorme, Eakalak Khan Photodegradation of (E)- and (Z)-Endoxifen in water by ultraviolet light: Efficiency, kinetics, by-products, and toxicity assessment. Water Research. Vol.171, (2020). doi:10.1016/j.watres.2019.115451 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/53675
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Title
Photodegradation of (E)- and (Z)-Endoxifen in water by ultraviolet light: Efficiency, kinetics, by-products, and toxicity assessment
Abstract
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd Endoxifen is an effective metabolite of a common chemotherapy agent, tamoxifen. Endoxifen, which is toxic to aquatic animals, has been detected in wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent. This research investigates ultraviolet (UV) radiation (253.7 nm) application to degrade (E)- and (Z)-endoxifen in water and wastewater and phototransformation by-products (PBPs) and their toxicity. The effects of light intensity, pH and initial concentrations of (E)- and (Z)-endoxifen on the photodegradation rate were examined. Endoxifen in water was eliminated ≥99.1% after 35 s of irradiation (light dose of 598.5 mJ cm−2). Light intensity and initial concentrations of (E)- and (Z)-endoxifen exhibited positive trends with the photodegradation rates while pH had no effect. Photodegradation of (E)- and (Z)-endoxifen in water resulted in three PBPs. Toxicity assessments through modeling of the identified PBPs suggest higher toxicity than the parent compounds. Photodegradation of (E)- and (Z)-endoxifen in wastewater at light doses used for disinfection in WWTPs (16, 30 and 97 mJ cm−2) resulted in reductions of (E)- and (Z)-endoxifen from 30 to 71%. Two of the three PBPs observed in the experiments with water were detected in the wastewater experiments. Therefore, toxic compounds are potentially generated at WWTPs by UV disinfection if (E)- and (Z)-endoxifen are present in treated wastewater.