Novel biphasic structured composite prepared by in situ silica filling in natural rubber latex

Abstract

The sol-gel reaction of tetraethoxysilane in natural rubber (NR) latex was conducted to produce in situ silica-filled NR latex, followed by adding sulfur cross-linking reagents to the latex in a liquid state. The latex was cast and subjected to sulfur curing to result in a unique morphology in the NR composite of a flexible film form. The contents of in situ silica filling were controlled up to 35 parts per one hundred rubber by weight. The silica was locally dispersed around rubber particles to give a filler network. This characteristic morphology brought about the composite of good dynamic mechanical properties. Synchrotron X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy suggested that the sulfidic linkages of the sulfur cross-linked composites were polysulfidic, S x (x≥2), and a fraction of shorter polysulfidic linkages became larger with the increase of in situ silica. The present observations will be of use for developing a novel in situ silica-filled NR composite prepared in NR latex via liquid-phase soft processing. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.