Specific pharmacokinetic interaction between lumefantrine and monodesbutyl-benflumetol in Plasmodium falciparum

Abstract

The blood schizontocidal activity of lumefantrine, monodesbutyl-benflumetol (DBB) and a 999:1 combination of both compounds has been investigated in 26 fresh isolates of Plasmodium falciparum from northwestern Thailand, using the WHO standard protocol MarkII for determining the inhibition of schizont maturation. The geometric mean cut-off concentrations of schizont maturation (GMCOC) were 943.2 nM for lumefantrine, 146.3 nM for DBB and 182.2 nM for the 999:1 combination of lumefantrine and DBB. The EC50 values were 27.3nM for lumefantrine, 5.7 nM for DBB, and 16.5 nM for the combination, and the EC90 values 163.1 nM for lumefantrine, 44.1 nM for DBB, and 78.3 nM for the combination. Despite the very low concentration in the combination, DBB exerted significant synergistic activity with lumefantrine that was strongest at the EC90 and EC99 levels. Correlation analysis indicates that DBB is the leading determinant for the activity of the combination. © 2007 Springer-Verlag.