Publication: Potential of the angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) telmisartan, irbesartan, and candesartan for inhibiting the HMGB1/RAGE axis in prevention and acute treatment of stroke
Issued Date
2013-09-13
Resource Type
ISSN
14220067
16616596
16616596
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-84884185716
Rights
Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
International Journal of Molecular Sciences. Vol.14, No.9 (2013), 18899-18924
Suggested Citation
Kiyoshi Kikuchi, Salunya Tancharoen, Takashi Ito, Yoko Morimoto-Yamashita, Naoki Miura, Ko ichi Kawahara, Ikuro Maruyama, Yoshinaka Murai, Eiichiro Tanaka Potential of the angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) telmisartan, irbesartan, and candesartan for inhibiting the HMGB1/RAGE axis in prevention and acute treatment of stroke. International Journal of Molecular Sciences. Vol.14, No.9 (2013), 18899-18924. doi:10.3390/ijms140918899 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/31216
Research Projects
Organizational Units
Authors
Journal Issue
Thesis
Title
Potential of the angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) telmisartan, irbesartan, and candesartan for inhibiting the HMGB1/RAGE axis in prevention and acute treatment of stroke
Abstract
Stroke is a major cause of mortality and disability worldwide. The main cause of stroke is atherosclerosis, and the most common risk factor for atherosclerosis is hypertension. Therefore, antihypertensive treatments are recommended for the prevention of stroke. Three angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), telmisartan, irbesartan and candesartan, inhibit the expression of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), which is one of the pleiotropic effects of these drugs. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is the ligand of RAGE, and has been recently identified as a lethal mediator of severe sepsis. HMGB1 is an intracellular protein, which acts as an inflammatory cytokine when released into the extracellular milieu. Extracellular HMGB1 causes multiple organ failure and contributes to the pathogenesis of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and stroke. This is the first review of the literature evaluating the potential of three ARBs for the HMGB1-RAGE axis on stroke therapy, including prevention and acute treatment. This review covers clinical and experimental studies conducted between 1976 and 2013. We propose that ARBs, which inhibit the HMGB1/RAGE axis, may offer a novel option for prevention and acute treatment of stroke. However, additional clinical studies are necessary to verify the efficacy of ARBs. © 2013 by the authors; licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.