Publication: Anopheles bionomics in a malaria endemic area of southern Thailand
Issued Date
2021-12-01
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17563305
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2-s2.0-85111352550
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Mahidol University
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SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
Parasites and Vectors. Vol.14, No.1 (2021)
Suggested Citation
Narenrit Wamaket, Oranicha Khamprapa, Sittinont Chainarin, Panisa Thamsawet, Ubolrat Ninsaeng, Suttipong Thongsalee, Veerast Suwan, Jira Sakolvaree, Ratree Takhampunya, Silas A. Davidson, Patrick W. McCardle, Patiwat Sa-angchai, Mavuto Mukaka, Kirakorn Kiattibutr, Amnat Khamsiriwatchara, Wang Nguitragool, Jetsumon Sattabongkot, Jeeraphat Sirichaisinthop, Kevin C. Kobylinski Anopheles bionomics in a malaria endemic area of southern Thailand. Parasites and Vectors. Vol.14, No.1 (2021). doi:10.1186/s13071-021-04870-8 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/77157
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Title
Anopheles bionomics in a malaria endemic area of southern Thailand
Author(s)
Narenrit Wamaket
Oranicha Khamprapa
Sittinont Chainarin
Panisa Thamsawet
Ubolrat Ninsaeng
Suttipong Thongsalee
Veerast Suwan
Jira Sakolvaree
Ratree Takhampunya
Silas A. Davidson
Patrick W. McCardle
Patiwat Sa-angchai
Mavuto Mukaka
Kirakorn Kiattibutr
Amnat Khamsiriwatchara
Wang Nguitragool
Jetsumon Sattabongkot
Jeeraphat Sirichaisinthop
Kevin C. Kobylinski
Oranicha Khamprapa
Sittinont Chainarin
Panisa Thamsawet
Ubolrat Ninsaeng
Suttipong Thongsalee
Veerast Suwan
Jira Sakolvaree
Ratree Takhampunya
Silas A. Davidson
Patrick W. McCardle
Patiwat Sa-angchai
Mavuto Mukaka
Kirakorn Kiattibutr
Amnat Khamsiriwatchara
Wang Nguitragool
Jetsumon Sattabongkot
Jeeraphat Sirichaisinthop
Kevin C. Kobylinski
Abstract
Background: Ivermectin mass drug administration (MDA) could accelerate malaria elimination in the Greater Mekong Subregion. This study was performed to characterize the bionomics of Anopheles in Surat Thani province, Thailand. Methods: Mosquitoes were collected via human landing collections between February and October 2019. Anopheles mosquitoes were morphologically identified to species. Primary Anopheles malaria vectors were dissected to assess parity status, and a subset were evaluated for molecular identification and Plasmodium detection. Results: A total of 17,348 mosquitoes were collected during the study period; of these, 5777 were Anopheles mosquitoes. Morphological studies identified 15 Anopheles species, of which the most abundant were Anopheles minimus (s.l.) (87.16%, n = 5035), An. dirus s.l. (7.05%, n = 407) and An. barbirostris s.l. (2.86%, n = 165). Molecular identification confirmed that of the An. minimus s.l. mosquitoes collected, 99.80% were An. minimus (s.s.) (n = 484) and 0.2% were An. aconitus (n = 1), of the An. dirus (s.l.) collected, 100% were An. baimaii (n = 348), and of the An. maculatus (s.l.) collected, 93.62% were An. maculatus (s.s.) (n = 44) and 6.38% were An. sawadwongporni (n = 3). No Anopheles mosquito tested was Plasmodium positive (0/879). An average of 11.46 Anopheles were captured per collector per night. There were differences between species in hour of collection (Kruskal–Wallis H-test: χ2 = 80.89, P < 0.0001, n = 5666), with more An. barbirostris (s.l.) and An. maculatus (s.l.) caught earlier compared to An. minimus (s.l.) (P = 0.0001 and P < 0.0001, respectively) and An. dirus (s.l.) (P = 0.0082 and P < 0.001, respectively). The proportion of parous An. minimus (s.l.) captured by hour increased throughout the night (Wald Chi-square: χ2 = 17.31, P = 0.000, odds ratio = 1.0535, 95% confidence interval 1.0279–1.0796, n = 3400). Overall, An. minimus (s.l.) parity was 67.68% (2375/3509) with an intra-cluster correlation of 0.0378. A power calculation determined that an An. minimus (s.l.) parity reduction treatment effect size = 34%, with four clusters per treatment arm and a minimum of 300 mosquitoes dissected per cluster, at an α = 0.05, will provide 82% power to detect a significant difference following ivermectin MDA. Conclusions: The study area in Surat Thani province is an ideal location to evaluate the impact of ivermectin MDA on An. minimus parity. Graphical abstract: [Figure not available: see fulltext.]