Publication: Menarche, menopause, and breast cancer risk: Individual participant meta-analysis, including 118 964 women with breast cancer from 117 epidemiological studies
Issued Date
2012-01-01
Resource Type
ISSN
14745488
14702045
14702045
Other identifier(s)
2-s2.0-84877875905
Rights
Mahidol University
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
The Lancet Oncology. Vol.13, No.11 (2012), 1141-1151
Suggested Citation
N. Hamajima, K. Hirose, K. Tajima, T. Rohan, C. M. Friedenreich, E. E. Calle, S. M. Gapstur, A. V. Patel, R. J. Coates, J. M. Liff, R. Talamini, N. Chantarakul, S. Koetsawang, D. Rachawat, Y. Marcou, E. Kakouri, S. W. Duffy, A. Morabia, L. Schuman, W. Stewart, M. Szklo, P. F. Coogan, J. R. Palmer, L. Rosenberg, P. Band, A. J. Coldman, R. P. Gallagher, T. G. Hislop, P. Yang, S. R. Cummings, K. Canfell, F. Sitas, P. Chao, J. Lissowska, P. L. Horn-Ross, E. M. John, L. M. Kolonel, A. M.Y. Nomura, R. Ghiasvand, J. Hu, K. C. Johnson, Y. Mao, V. Beral, D. Bull, K. Callaghan, B. Crossley, A. Goodill, J. Green, C. Hermon, T. Key, I. Lindgard, B. Liu, K. Pirie, G. Reeves, R. Collins, R. Doll, R. Peto, T. Bishop, I. S. Fentiman, S. De Sanjosé, C. A. Gonzalez, N. Lee, P. Marchbanks, H. W. Ory, H. B. Peterson, P. Wingo, K. Ebeling, D. Kunde, P. Nishan, J. L. Hopper, H. Eliassen, S. Hankinson, V. Gajalakshmi, N. Martin, T. Pardthaisong, S. Silpisornkosol, C. Theetranont, B. Boosiri, S. Chutivongse, P. Jimakorn, P. Virutamasen, C. Wongsrichanalai, A. Neugut, R. Santella, C. J. Baines, N. Kreiger, A. B. Miller, C. Wall, A. Tjonneland, T. Jorgensen, C. Stahlberg, A. Tønnes Pedersen, D. Flesch-Janys, N. Hakansson, J. Cauley, I. Heuch, H. O. Adami, I. Persson, E. Weiderpass, C. Magnusson Menarche, menopause, and breast cancer risk: Individual participant meta-analysis, including 118 964 women with breast cancer from 117 epidemiological studies. The Lancet Oncology. Vol.13, No.11 (2012), 1141-1151. doi:10.1016/S1470-2045(12)70425-4 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/15125
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Title
Menarche, menopause, and breast cancer risk: Individual participant meta-analysis, including 118 964 women with breast cancer from 117 epidemiological studies
Author(s)
N. Hamajima
K. Hirose
K. Tajima
T. Rohan
C. M. Friedenreich
E. E. Calle
S. M. Gapstur
A. V. Patel
R. J. Coates
J. M. Liff
R. Talamini
N. Chantarakul
S. Koetsawang
D. Rachawat
Y. Marcou
E. Kakouri
S. W. Duffy
A. Morabia
L. Schuman
W. Stewart
M. Szklo
P. F. Coogan
J. R. Palmer
L. Rosenberg
P. Band
A. J. Coldman
R. P. Gallagher
T. G. Hislop
P. Yang
S. R. Cummings
K. Canfell
F. Sitas
P. Chao
J. Lissowska
P. L. Horn-Ross
E. M. John
L. M. Kolonel
A. M.Y. Nomura
R. Ghiasvand
J. Hu
K. C. Johnson
Y. Mao
V. Beral
D. Bull
K. Callaghan
B. Crossley
A. Goodill
J. Green
C. Hermon
T. Key
I. Lindgard
B. Liu
K. Pirie
G. Reeves
R. Collins
R. Doll
R. Peto
T. Bishop
I. S. Fentiman
S. De Sanjosé
C. A. Gonzalez
N. Lee
P. Marchbanks
H. W. Ory
H. B. Peterson
P. Wingo
K. Ebeling
D. Kunde
P. Nishan
J. L. Hopper
H. Eliassen
S. Hankinson
V. Gajalakshmi
N. Martin
T. Pardthaisong
S. Silpisornkosol
C. Theetranont
B. Boosiri
S. Chutivongse
P. Jimakorn
P. Virutamasen
C. Wongsrichanalai
A. Neugut
R. Santella
C. J. Baines
N. Kreiger
A. B. Miller
C. Wall
A. Tjonneland
T. Jorgensen
C. Stahlberg
A. Tønnes Pedersen
D. Flesch-Janys
N. Hakansson
J. Cauley
I. Heuch
H. O. Adami
I. Persson
E. Weiderpass
C. Magnusson
K. Hirose
K. Tajima
T. Rohan
C. M. Friedenreich
E. E. Calle
S. M. Gapstur
A. V. Patel
R. J. Coates
J. M. Liff
R. Talamini
N. Chantarakul
S. Koetsawang
D. Rachawat
Y. Marcou
E. Kakouri
S. W. Duffy
A. Morabia
L. Schuman
W. Stewart
M. Szklo
P. F. Coogan
J. R. Palmer
L. Rosenberg
P. Band
A. J. Coldman
R. P. Gallagher
T. G. Hislop
P. Yang
S. R. Cummings
K. Canfell
F. Sitas
P. Chao
J. Lissowska
P. L. Horn-Ross
E. M. John
L. M. Kolonel
A. M.Y. Nomura
R. Ghiasvand
J. Hu
K. C. Johnson
Y. Mao
V. Beral
D. Bull
K. Callaghan
B. Crossley
A. Goodill
J. Green
C. Hermon
T. Key
I. Lindgard
B. Liu
K. Pirie
G. Reeves
R. Collins
R. Doll
R. Peto
T. Bishop
I. S. Fentiman
S. De Sanjosé
C. A. Gonzalez
N. Lee
P. Marchbanks
H. W. Ory
H. B. Peterson
P. Wingo
K. Ebeling
D. Kunde
P. Nishan
J. L. Hopper
H. Eliassen
S. Hankinson
V. Gajalakshmi
N. Martin
T. Pardthaisong
S. Silpisornkosol
C. Theetranont
B. Boosiri
S. Chutivongse
P. Jimakorn
P. Virutamasen
C. Wongsrichanalai
A. Neugut
R. Santella
C. J. Baines
N. Kreiger
A. B. Miller
C. Wall
A. Tjonneland
T. Jorgensen
C. Stahlberg
A. Tønnes Pedersen
D. Flesch-Janys
N. Hakansson
J. Cauley
I. Heuch
H. O. Adami
I. Persson
E. Weiderpass
C. Magnusson
Other Contributor(s)
Aichi Cancer Center Hospital and Research Institute
Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University
Alberta Health Services
American Cancer Society
Emory University
IRCCS Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano
Mahidol University
Bank of Cyprus Group Oncology Centre
Barts and The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry
Johns Hopkins University
Boston University
British Columbia Cancer Agency
California Pacific Medical Center
Cancer Council New South Wales
Institute of Oncology, Warsaw
Cancer Prevention Institute of California
University of Hawaii System
University of Tehran
Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group
Cancer Research UK
Clinical Trial Service Unit
Catalan Oncology Institute
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine
University of Melbourne
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Cancer Institute India
Chiang Mai University
Chulalongkorn University
Columbia University in the City of New York
Dalla Lana School of Public Health
Institute of Cancer Epidemiology - Denmark
Danish Nurse Cohort Study
Universitatsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf und Medizinische Fakultat
Karolinska Institutet
University of Pittsburgh
Universitetet i Bergen
German Cancer Research Center
University of Otago
National Cancer Center Tokyo
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry (UERCG)
UCL
Hospital General de Mexico
Hospital Universitario
Icelandic Cancer Society
Imperial College London
Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy
Inserm
Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica
International Agency for Research on Cancer
International Prevention Research Institute
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Kaiser Permanente
Institut Universitaire de Medecine Sociale et Preventive Lausanne
Onkoloski institut Ljubljana
Loma Linda University Adventist Health Sciences Center
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Long Island Breast Cancer Study
Skånes universitetssjukhus
Maastricht University
ISPO
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
University of the Philippines Manila
Universita degli Studi di Milano
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan
Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Nairobi Centre for Research in Reproduction
National Cancer Institute
Australian National University
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
National University of Singapore
The Netherlands Cancer Institute
New Jersey State Department of Health
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
Department of Public Health
Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima
Royal College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Universidad de Costa Rica
Medical Center of Fudan University
Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research
Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics
Wuhan University
Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital
Tohoku University School of Medicine
Universitetet i Tromso
Vanderbilt University
University Medical Center Utrecht
University of Athens Medical School
University of California, San Francisco
Universidad de Chile
University of Edinburgh
University of Minnesota School of Public Health
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
University of Nottingham
Universita degli Studi di Padova
University of Queensland
University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine
University of Southern California
Syddansk Universitet
University of Toronto
Women's Health Initiative
Organisation Mondiale de la Sante
Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University
Alberta Health Services
American Cancer Society
Emory University
IRCCS Centro Di Riferimento Oncologico Aviano
Mahidol University
Bank of Cyprus Group Oncology Centre
Barts and The London Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry
Johns Hopkins University
Boston University
British Columbia Cancer Agency
California Pacific Medical Center
Cancer Council New South Wales
Institute of Oncology, Warsaw
Cancer Prevention Institute of California
University of Hawaii System
University of Tehran
Canadian Cancer Registries Epidemiology Research Group
Cancer Research UK
Clinical Trial Service Unit
Catalan Oncology Institute
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Max Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine
University of Melbourne
Brigham and Women's Hospital
Cancer Institute India
Chiang Mai University
Chulalongkorn University
Columbia University in the City of New York
Dalla Lana School of Public Health
Institute of Cancer Epidemiology - Denmark
Danish Nurse Cohort Study
Universitatsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf und Medizinische Fakultat
Karolinska Institutet
University of Pittsburgh
Universitetet i Bergen
German Cancer Research Center
University of Otago
National Cancer Center Tokyo
Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center
Epidemiology Unit and Girona Cancer Registry (UERCG)
UCL
Hospital General de Mexico
Hospital Universitario
Icelandic Cancer Society
Imperial College London
Institut de Cancerologie Gustave Roussy
Inserm
Instituto Nacional de Salud Publica
International Agency for Research on Cancer
International Prevention Research Institute
Chaim Sheba Medical Center Israel
Kaiser Permanente
Institut Universitaire de Medecine Sociale et Preventive Lausanne
Onkoloski institut Ljubljana
Loma Linda University Adventist Health Sciences Center
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Long Island Breast Cancer Study
Skånes universitetssjukhus
Maastricht University
ISPO
Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai
University of the Philippines Manila
Universita degli Studi di Milano
Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan
Istituto di Statistica Medica e Biometria
Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center
Nairobi Centre for Research in Reproduction
National Cancer Institute
Australian National University
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development
National University of Singapore
The Netherlands Cancer Institute
New Jersey State Department of Health
Norwegian Institute of Public Health
Department of Public Health
Radiation Effects Research Foundation Hiroshima
Royal College of General Practitioners Oral Contraception Study
Roswell Park Cancer Institute
Universidad de Costa Rica
Medical Center of Fudan University
Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research
Cyprus Institute of Neurology and Genetics
Wuhan University
Tianjin Cancer Institute and Hospital
Tohoku University School of Medicine
Universitetet i Tromso
Vanderbilt University
University Medical Center Utrecht
University of Athens Medical School
University of California, San Francisco
Universidad de Chile
University of Edinburgh
University of Minnesota School of Public Health
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
University of Nottingham
Universita degli Studi di Padova
University of Queensland
University of Pennsylvania, School of Medicine
University of Southern California
Syddansk Universitet
University of Toronto
Women's Health Initiative
Organisation Mondiale de la Sante
Yamagata University Faculty of Medicine
Abstract
Background Menarche and menopause mark the onset and cessation, respectively, of ovarian activity associated with reproduction, and affect breast cancer risk. Our aim was to assess the strengths of their effects and determine whether they depend on characteristics of the tumours or the affected women. Methods Individual data from 117 epidemiological studies, including 118 964 women with invasive breast cancer and 306 091 without the disease, none of whom had used menopausal hormone therapy, were included in the analyses. We calculated adjusted relative risks (RRs) associated with menarche and menopause for breast cancer overall, and by tumour histology and by oestrogen receptor expression. Findings Breast cancer risk increased by a factor of 1.050 (95% CI 1.044-1.057; p < 0.0001) for every year younger at menarche, and independently by a smaller amount (1.029, 1.025-1.032; p < 0.0001), for every year older at menopause. Premenopausal women had a greater risk of breast cancer than postmenopausal women of an identical age (RR at age 45-54 years 1.43, 1.33-1.52, p < 0.001). All three of these associations were attenuated by increasing adiposity among postmenopausal women, but did not vary materially by women's year of birth, ethnic origin, childbearing history, smoking, alcohol consumption, or hormonal contraceptive use. All three associations were stronger for lobular than for ductal tumours (p < 0.006 for each comparison). The effect of menopause in women of an identical age and trends by age at menopause were stronger for oestrogen receptor-positive disease than for oestrogen receptor-negative disease (p < 0.01 for both comparisons). Interpretation The effects of menarche and menopause on breast cancer risk might not be acting merely by lengthening women's total number of reproductive years. Endogenous ovarian hormones are more relevant for oestrogen receptorpositive disease than for oestrogen receptor-negative disease and for lobular than for ductal tumours.