Assessing the Risk Factors For Diagnosed Symptomatic Dry Eye Using a Smartphone App: Cross-sectional Study
Issued Date
2022-06-01
Resource Type
eISSN
22915222
DOI
Scopus ID
2-s2.0-85132821163
Pubmed ID
35731569
Journal Title
JMIR mHealth and uHealth
Volume
10
Issue
6
Rights Holder(s)
SCOPUS
Bibliographic Citation
JMIR mHealth and uHealth Vol.10 No.6 (2022)
Suggested Citation
Kasetsuwan N., Suwan-Apichon O., Lekhanont K., Chuckpaiwong V., Reinprayoon U., Chantra S., Puangsricharern V., Pariyakanok L., Prabhasawat P., Tesavibul N., Chaidaroon W., Tananuvat N., Hirunpat C., Prakairungthong N., Sansanayudh W., Chirapapaisan C., Phrueksaudomchai P. Assessing the Risk Factors For Diagnosed Symptomatic Dry Eye Using a Smartphone App: Cross-sectional Study. JMIR mHealth and uHealth Vol.10 No.6 (2022). doi:10.2196/31011 Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/85806
Title
Assessing the Risk Factors For Diagnosed Symptomatic Dry Eye Using a Smartphone App: Cross-sectional Study
Author's Affiliation
Ramathibodi Hospital
Siriraj Hospital
Mettapracharak Hospital, Nakhon Pathom
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University
Thai Red Cross Agency
Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University
Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University
King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital
Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University
Phramongkutklao College of Medicine
Rajavithi Hospital
Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University
Siriraj Hospital
Mettapracharak Hospital, Nakhon Pathom
Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University
Thai Red Cross Agency
Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University
Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkia University
King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital
Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University
Phramongkutklao College of Medicine
Rajavithi Hospital
Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University
Other Contributor(s)
Abstract
Background: Dry eye (DE) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the ocular surface of the eye that affects millions of people throughout the world. Smartphone use as an effective health care tool has grown exponentially. The "Dry eye or not?" app was created to evaluate the prevalence of symptomatic DE, screen for its occurrence, and provide feedback to users with symptomatic DE throughout Thailand. Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the prevalence of symptomatic dry eye (DE), blink rate, maximum blink interval (MBI), and best spectacle-corrected visual acuity (BSCVA) between people with and without symptomatic DE and to identify risk factors for symptomatic DE in Thailand. Methods: This cross-sectional study sourced data from the "Dry eye or not?" smartphone app between November 2019 and July 2020. This app collected demographic data, Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) score, blink rate, MBI, BSCVA, and visual display terminal (VDT) use data. The criterion for symptomatic DE was OSDI score ≥13. Results: The prevalence of symptomatic DE among individuals using this smartphone app in Thailand was 85.8% (8131/9482), with the Northeastern region of Thailand having the highest prevalence, followed by the Northern region. Worse BSCVA (median 0.20, IQR 0.40; P=.02), increased blink rate (median 18, IQR 16; P<.001), reduced MBI (median 8.90, IQR 10.80; P<.001), female sex (adjusted OR 1.83; 95% CI 1.59-2.09; P<.001), more than 6 hours of VDT use (adjusted OR 1.59; 95% CI 1.15-2.19; P=.004), and lower than bachelor's degree (adjusted OR 1.30; 95% CI 1.03-1.64; P=.02) were significantly associated with symptomatic DE. An age over 50 years (adjusted OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.60-0.99) was significantly less associated with symptomatic DE (P=.04). Conclusions: This smartphone DE app showed that the prevalence of symptomatic DE in Thailand was 85.8%. Signs and risk factors could be also evaluated with this smartphone DE app. Screening for DE by this app may allow for the development of strategic plans for health care systems in Thailand.