Cytotoxicity and DNA damage caused by food plant extracts
Issued Date
2004
Resource Type
Language
eng
Rights
Mahidol University
Suggested Citation
Pittayaporn Muangnoi, Supranee Changbumrung, สุปราณี แจ้งบำรุง, Michael Weinfeld (2004). Cytotoxicity and DNA damage caused by food plant extracts. Retrieved from: https://repository.li.mahidol.ac.th/handle/20.500.14594/63413
Title
Cytotoxicity and DNA damage caused by food plant extracts
Abstract
Objective
To investigate cytotoxicity and DNA damage caused by some food plant extracts which are spices and food coloring agent.
Methods
There crude aqueous extracts of Thai plants, Clitoria ternatea (Blue pea) flower, Allium sativum (Garlic) bulb, and Alpinia galangal (Galangal) rhizome, were tested for cytotoxicity and DNA damage to three human cell lines, MCF-12A, CRL2522, and 2800T. The cytotoxic effects were measured by a clonogenic survival assay(1) and DNA damage was determined by the alkali single-cell gel electrophoresis (the comet assay)(2)
Results
The cytotoxicities of Blue pea flower extract to MCF-12A, CRL2522, and 2800T cell lines were does response after 24 hours exposure. All cell lines exhibited little toxicity at concentration less than 500 µg/ml. Reducing exposure to Blue pea extract to 2 hours naturally decreased the overall levels of toxicity. The data from the comet assay indicated the induction of extensive strand cleavage occurred very little in CRL2522 cells and intermediate levels in 2800T cells. In this case MCF-12A cells were more sensitive than the other cell lines.
All cell lines displayed concentration dependent toxicities as a result of 24 hour exposure to garlic extract at concentration more than 100 µg/ml. CRL2522 and 2800T cell lines showed significant reduction in sensitivity when exposed for 2 hours, but MCF-12A cell lines showed the cell cytotoxicity the same as at 24 hour exposure. Garlic extract demonstated a dose dependent induction of DNA strand breaks in 2800T cells but CRL2522 displayed sharp transition between 1,000 and 3,000 µg/ml. The garlic extract did not cause much DNA damage to MCF-12A cells even at highest concentration.
Exposure of three cell lines to galangal extract for 24 hour led to severe cytotoxicity at a dose as low as 100 µg/ml. Shortening exposure to 2 hours reduced the toxicity. The comet assay indicated extensive induction of DNA strand break in both cell lines, even at low doses.
Conclusion
Crude aqueous extract of three Thai plants caused cytotoxicity to human cell lines, MCF-12A, CRL2522, and 2800T even at two hours exposure. Blue pea flower extract caused severe DNA single strand break to MCF-12A cells, very little in CRL2522 cells, and intermediate in 2800T cells. Garlic extract also induced DNA damage to three cell lines. MCF-12A and 2800T cells were dose dependent but not in CRL2522 cells. Galangal extract extensively induced DNA strand break to all three cell lines.
Description
Joint International Tropical Medicine Meeting 2004: Ambassador Hotel, Thailand 29 November-1 December 2004: abstract. Bangkok: Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University; 2004. p.269.
